Objective　To observe the effect of repairing the articular cartilage defects with tissue-engineered cartilaginous grafts in rabbits. 　Methods　 A total of 60 rabbits were divided into the cartilage graft group, the pure carrier control group and the blank control group. In the cartilage graft group, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the rabbits were obtained by isolating and culturing the bone marrow aspirates in vitro. The culture system that facilitates the chondrogenous differentiation of MSCs in rabbits was established. The tissue engineering cartilaginous graft was composed of chondrogenetic MSCs, bovine type Ⅰ collagen and human fibrin. Then transplantations of the cartilaginous grafts were performed to repair articular cartilage defects in rabbits. 　Results　Hyaloid cartilage was formed within the defects repaired with the grafts at 12 weeks after transplantation by analyzing the content of type Ⅱ collagen and metachromatism. In the control groups, the fibrous cartilage repair was observed first, then the fibrous tissues and bone repairs were found. 　Conclusions　 The cartilaginous graft through tissue engineering is a promising graft for repairing articular cartilage defects.

Objective　To study the feasibility of constructing tissue engineered cartilage by differentiated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) cultured in vitro and in vivo. Methods　The MSC were isolated from the nucleated cells fraction of autologous bone marrow by density gradient centrifuge, and then induced into chondrogenic differentiation by adding dexamethasone, transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and ascorbic acid in vitro. After 3 weeks, some cells turned to round shape and secreted metachromatic matrix. The cartilaginoid grafts composed of chondrogenic MSC. Bovine type Ⅰ collagen and human fibrin were cultured within the chondrogenic medium for 2 weeks in vitro or transplanted subcutaneously adjacent to the knee joint for 3 weeks in vivo. Results　The most cells in the grafts were degenerated and disappeared after cultured in vitro. But the residual cells were survival and secreted metachromatic staining proteoglycan with toluidine blue, which was characteristic cartilage matrix. The grafts developed into matured cartilage tissue assessed by histological examination after 3 weeks of transplantation in vivo. Conclusion　MSC can be used as functional cells to constructing tissue engineered cartilage.

Accidents, Occupational ; Chronic Disease ; Hexanes ; poisoning ; Humans ; Shoes

OBJECTIVE:To study pharmacokinetics of domestic and imported Phenazopyridine hydrochloride tables and bioavailability of domestic tablets, and to evaluate the bioequivalence of two kinds of tablets. METHODS: A randomized crossover design was performed in 18 healthy male volunteers. They received a single oral dose of domestic or imported tablets 200 mg. Plasma concentration of phenazopyridine hydrochloride was measured by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97 software and relative bioavailability was evaluated. RESULTS: The plasma concentration-time curves of domestic and imported tablets conformed to one-compartment model. Main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic tablets vs. imported tablets were as follows: t1/2Ke(3.52?2.03) h vs. (3.18?1.85)h; tmax(0.76?0.33) h vs. (0.79?0.43)h; Cmax(76.41?70.15) ng?mL-1 vs. (75.49?70.37) ng?mL-1; AUC0～8(159.10?116.32) ng?h?mL-1 vs. (164.65?129.89) ng?h?mL-1; AUC0～∞(237.12?115.06) ng?h?mL-1 vs. (262.69?155.05) ng?h?mL-1. The relative bioavailability of domestic tablets was (96.63?14.05)% compared with imported tablet. There was no significant difference between the pharmacokinetic parameters of two formulations by variance analysis, t-test and 1-2? confidence interval method. CONCLUSION: The domestic and imported tablets are bioequivalent.

BACKGROUND:Myeloid cell (TREM-1) is an important mediator of the signal transduction pathway in inflammatory response. In this study, a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established to observe the expression pattern of TREM-1 in lung tissue and the role of TREM-1 in pulmonary inflammatory response to ALI. METHODS:Thirty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into a normal control group (n=6) and an ALI group (n=24). The model of ALI was made by intraperitonal injection of LPS in dose of 10 mg/kg. Specimens from peripheral blood and lung tissue were collected 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after LPS injection. RT-PCR was used to detect TREM-1 mRNA, and ELISA was employed for detection of TREM-1 protein and TNF-a protein, and HE staining was performed for the pathological Smith lung scoring under a light microscope. RESULTS:The expressions of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue and blood of the ALI group 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after injection of LPS were higher than those in the control group. The levels of TREM-1 protein and the levels of TNF-a protein in lung tissue of the ALI group 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after LPS injection were higher than those of the control group; the level of TREM-1 protein peaked 12 hours after LPS injection, but it was not significantly correlated with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P=0.14); the TNF-a concentration was positively correlated with TREM-1 levels in lung tissue and with Smith pathological score (r=0.795, P=0.001:r=0.499, P=0.034), but not with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P=0.176). CONCLUSIONS:The expression of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue of mice with ALI is elevated, and the expression of TREM-1 mRNA is related to the level of TNF-a and the severity of inflammatory response to ALI. The expressions of the TREM-1 gene are not consistent with the levels of TREM-1 protein, suggesting a new functional protein involved in immune regulation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 19 STR Loci in Shandong Han population in order to provide the genetic data for paternity testing. METHODS: The genotypes of 205 unrelated individuals in Shandong Han population were typed by Goldeneye 20A kit to get the allele frequencies and population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci. Four kits, Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit, and Goldeneye 20A kit, were compared with each other and used in the analysis of a special paternity test case. RESULTS: The population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci in Shandong Han Population were obtained. The cumulative discrimination power (CDP) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) ranked from high to low were Goldeneye 20A kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit and Identifiler kit, respectively. As duo case, the result of the real case showed that Identifiler kit had no excluding loci, and none of the SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit or Goldeneye 20A kit could exclude fatherhood. CONCLUSION Compared with Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, and PowerPlex 16 kit, Goldeneye 20A kit shows the higher efficiency than the others, but is not completely satisfied for duo cases.
Asian People/genetics* ; China ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci/genetics* ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*

This study investigated a nano drug delivery system built by one sort of modified trimethyl chitosan (TMC). The TMC was modified by cRGDyk, ligand of integrin receptor avβ3. Single factor screening was used to optimize the prescription in which the particle sizes of TMC nanoparticle (TMC NPs) and cRGDyk modified TMC nanoparticle (C-TMC NPs) were (240.3 ± 4.2) nm and (259.5 ± 3.3) nm. Electric potential of those two nanoparticles were (33.5 ± 0.8) mV and (25.7 ± 1.6) mV. Encapsulation efficiencies were (76.0 ± 2.2) % and (74.4 ± 2.0) %. Drug loading efficacies were (50.1 ± 2.1) % and (26.1 ± 1.0) %. Then the cellular uptake, uptake mechanism and transport efficacy of TMC NPs and C-TMC NPs were investigated using Caco-2 cell line. The uptake rate and accumulating drug transit dose of C-TMC NPs were 1.98 and 2.84 times higher than TMC NPs, separately. Mechanism investigations revealed that caveolae-mediated endocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis were involved in the intercellular uptake of both TMC NPs and C-TMC NPs. What is more, free cRGDyk could remarkably inhibit the uptake of C-TMC NPs.
Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Caveolae ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Clathrin ; Endocytosis ; Humans ; Integrin alphaVbeta3 ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Pinocytosis

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and safety of haemostatic apozem combined with haemostatic mixture on hemophilia hemorrhage.

METHODSFive hundred hemophilia patients were randomly recruited from Shaanxi Yida Hematology Institute from February 2005 to July 2010. Under the condition of using no blood products such as platelet cofactors VIII and IX, oral administration of haemostatic apozem combined with intravenous dripping of haemostatic mixture were given to 332 hemorrhagic patients and 451 patients in need of surgery for hemorrhagic prevention. The treatment was lasted for three successive weeks. The hemostatic time, hemorrhage absorption (recovery) time, and their safety were observed.

RESULTSThe hemostatic time for open bleeding and closed bleeding was (0.85 +/- 0.83) h and (2.69 +/- 0.65) h respectively. The average hemostatic time was (2.00 +/- 0.69) h. The recovery time for different portions was as follows respectively: intra-cranial hemorrhage (14.13 +/- 6.01) days; muscular hemorrhage (18.18 +/- 7.34) days; hematuria (8.25 +/- 4.69) days; arthrorrhagia(3.27 +/- 1.31) days; ecchymoma (7.16 +/- 2.32) days; bleeding of oral and nasal cavities (4.26 +/- 1.35) days; intramedullary hemorrhage (19.15 +/- 1.36) days; hematoma ulceration (50.01 +/- 20.91) days. The hemorrhage recovery ratio was 99.10% (329/332). The success rate of preventing from surgery hemorrhage was 100% (451/451). No severe adverse reaction occurred during the therapeutic course.

CONCLUSIONSHaemostatic apozem combined with haemostatic mixture was effective and fast in preventing and treating hemophilia hemorrhage, with no complications or adverse reactions. It could be taken as the first choice for prevention and treatment of hemophilia hemorrhage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; drug therapy ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Hemostatics ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Young Adult

The chromatographic fingerprint was established by eluting with the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.2% formic acid water on an Agilent TC-C18 (2) column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). Six chromatographic peaks were identified by HPLC-MS/MS method. Ten batches of Glycyrrhizea Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle were determined, and the similarity was arranged from 0.72 to 0.99. Good precision, stability and repeatability were obtained, and this study provides a reference for the quality control of Glycyrrhizea Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on E coliinduced prostatitis in rats.

METHODSBMSCs were isolated, cultured and amplified by the attached choice method. Fifty SD rats were randomized into five groups of equal number: normal control, acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) , chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP), ABP + BMSCs, and CBP + BMSCs, and the animals in the latter four groups were injected with E. coli into both sides of the prostate under ultrasound guidance for 1 - 14 days to induce ABP and for 4 - 12 weeks to induce CBP. The control rats were injected with the same amount of PBS. Two weeks after injection of BMSCs into the prostates, pathomorphological changes in the prostate were observed under the light microscope and the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β and TNF-α determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0.

RESULTSHistopathological evaluation showed typical pathological inflammatory changes in the prostates of the rats in the ABP and CBP groups, including glandular structural changes, interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrous hyperplasia, which were all remarkably relieved after treated with BMSCs. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-β ([0.829 ± 0.121] and [271.75 ± 90.59] pg/ml) and TNF-α ([0.913 ± 0. 094] and [105.78 ± 19. 05] pg/ml) in the ABP and those of IL-1β ([0. 975 ± 0. 114] and [265. 31 ± 71. 34] pg/ml) and TNF-α ([0. 886 ± 0. 084] and [107. 45 ± 26. 11 ] pg/ml) in the CBP groups were significantly higher than those in the control rats ([0. 342 ± 0.087] and [45.76 17. 99] pg/ml, P <0. 05); ([0.247 ± 0.054] and ([19.42 ± 7. 75] pg/ml, P <0. 01) as well as than those in the ABP + BMSCs ([0. 433 ± 0. 072] and [51. 34 ± 22. 13] pg/ml, P < 0. 05 ) ; ( [0. 313 ± 0. 076] and [28. 38 ± 8. 78] pg/ml, P < 0. 01) and the CBP + BMSCs group ([0.396 ± 0.064] and [56.37 ± 21.22] pg/ml, P <0.05); ([0.417 ± 0.068] and [29.21 ± 10.22] pg/ml, P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONInjection of BMSCs can reduce E coli-induced prostatic inflammation reaction, which.may be associated with its reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration and the expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α in the prostate tissue.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; physiology ; Chronic Disease ; Escherichia coli Infections ; therapy ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; metabolism ; microbiology ; therapy ; RNA, Messenger ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism