Objective To investigate the association between the expression of heparanase(Hpa) and the invasion of choriocarcinoma by studying the expression of Hpa in human choriocarcinoma cell lines JEG-3 and JAR and human chorionic villous tissues.Methods(1)Matrigcl invasion assays were used to detect in vitro invasive ability of JEG-3 cells and JAR cells.(2)Expression of Hpa protein in the human chorionic villous tissues and choriocarcinoma cell lines(JEG-3 cells and JAR cells)were detected by immunocytochemistry and western blot.Results(1)The invasive cell number was significantly larger in JEG-3 cells than in JAR cells(191?17 vs 106?13,P

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to prepare uniform-sized silybin loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres in study of silybin with stainless steel membrane.

METHODSilybin PLGA microspheres were prepared by stainless steel membrane emulsification. The preparation conditions were optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal experiment, and evaluating the mean diameters, the particle size distribution, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and morphology of microsphere.

RESULTPrepared microspheres were round and surface was smooth. The mean diameter was (4.961 +/- 0.56) microm. The span was (1.75 +/- 0.18). The entrapment efficiency was (54.997 +/- 4.05)% and the average drug loading was (23.6 +/- 1.70)%.

CONCLUSIONThe stainless steel membrane emulsification can be used to prepare the silybin PLGA microspheres. The mean diameters of the silybin PLGA microspheres can be controlled in certain level. Stainless steel membrane emulsification has great potentiality exploitation and utilization.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry

Objective To detect carbapenemase production in enterobacteriaceae by using modified Hedge test (MHT) and investigate the distribution of carbapenemase genes.Methods A total of 3 718 isolates from enterobacteriaceae were collected from 4 hospitals,including Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University,People's Hospital of Dongyang,Beijing Hospital,and Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan University.Susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem was tested by K-B method.MHT was used to detect carbapenemase in enterobacteriaceae and the common carbapenemase genes were amplified by using PCR.Results The total resistance rate ( resistance and intermediate resistance) of enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem was 3.04％ (113/3718) and there were differences in resistance rate of enterobacteriaceae to ertapenem among 4 hospitals (5.09％,2.15％,2.59％,and 1.72％,respectively).Of the 3718 isolates,2.29％ (85) were positive to MHT,and there were differences in positive rate to MHT among 4 hospitals (4.73％,1.21％,1.06％,and 1.58％,respectivdy).Of 113 non-susceptible isolates to ertapenem,82 were positive to MHT and 31 were negative.Of 85 MHT-positive isolates,82 were resistant or intermediate resistant to ertapenem and only 3 were susceptible.Of 82 MHT-pesitive and non-susceptible isolates to ertapenem,65 were positive to KPC gene,15 were positive to IMP gene (two of them were positive to both KPC and IMP),and 4 were negative to all tested carbapenemase genes.Thirty-one MHT-negative and nonsusceptible to ertapenem and 3 MHT-positive and susceptible isolates to ertapenem were negative to all tested carbapenemase genes.Conclusions MHT is used to detect carbapenemase in enterobacteriaceae with high sensitivity and low false positive rate.KPC gene is the most occurred gene to be dominant in the production of carbapenemase in enterobacteriaceae, and the IMP gene is also responsible to the genesis ofcarbapenemase in enterobacteriaceae..

BACKGROUNDIn China, tracheobronchial foreign body (TFB) aspiration, a major cause of emergency episode and accident death in children, remains a challenge for anesthetic management. Here, we share our experience and discuss the anesthetic consideration and management of patients with TFB aspiration.

METHODSThis was a single-institution retrospective study in children with an inhaled foreign body between 1991 and 2010 that focused on the complications following rigid bronchoscopy (RB). Data including the clinical characteristics of patients and TFB, anesthetic method, and postoperative severe complications were analyzed by different periods.

RESULTSDuring the 20-year study period, the charts of 3149 patients who underwent RB for suspected inhaled TFB were reviewed. There were 2079 male and 1070 female patients (1.94:1). A nut (84%) was the most commonly inhaled object. The study revealed a 9% (n = 284) overall rate of severe postoperative complications related to severe hypoxemia, laryngeal edema, complete laryngospasm, pneumothorax, total segmental atelectasis, and death with incidences of 3.2%, 0.9%, 1.3%, 0.3%, 0.3%, and 0.1%, respectively. The rates of preoperative airway impairment, negative findings of TFB, and adverse postoperative events have been on the rise in the past 5 years.

CONCLUSIONSThe survey results confirmed that hypoxemia remains the most common postoperative complication in different periods. Both controlled ventilation and spontaneous ventilation were effective during the RB extraction of the foreign body at our hospital in the modern technique period. An active respiratory symptom was commonly seen in the groups with negative findings.

Airway Obstruction ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Bronchoscopy ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Case-Control Studies ; Creatine ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnosis ; urine ; Infant, Newborn ; Lactic Acid ; urine ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests

The high expression of tissue factor (TF) is related to the coagulation disorder in acute leukemia. TF in blood circulation is mainly expressed in cells, microparticles (MP) and alternatively spliced human tissue factor (asHTF). To elucidate the role of TF in the coagulation disorder of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), RT-PCR was performed on 6 common AML cell lines NB4, HL-60, Kasumi-1, U937, K562 and THP-1. The results showed that only NB4 and U937 cells expressed baseline full-length TF and asHTF which were proved by sequencing. The flow cytometric detection, TF activity and TF antigen tests in NB4 and U937 cells revealed that the asHTF was expressed in trace amount and almost had no activity, while the TF antigen and activity in microparticles were significantly higher than that in asHTF. It is concluded that asHTF may play an unimportant role in the coagulation disorder of AML. Microparticle associated tissue factor (MP-TF) is the predominant source of TF activity released from AML cells.
Alternative Splicing ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Thromboplastin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; U937 Cells

BACKGROUNDThe evoked electromyography (EMG) is frequently used to identify facial nerve in order to prevent its damage during surgeries. Partial neuromuscular blockade (NMB) has been suggested to favor EMG activity and insure patients' safety. The aim of this study was to determine an adequate level of NMB correspondent to sensible facial nerve identification by evaluating the relationship between facial EMG responses and peripheral NMB levels during the middle ear surgeries.

METHODSFacial nerve evoked EMG and NMB monitoring were performed simultaneously in 40 patients who underwent tympanoplasty. Facial electromyographic responses were recorded by insertion of needle electrodes into the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi muscles after electrical stimulation on facial nerve. The NMB was observed objectively with the hypothenar muscle's twitching after electrical stimulation of ulnar nerve, and the intensity of blockade was adjusted at levels of 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, and 100% respectively with increased intravenous infusion of Rocuronium (muscle relaxant).

RESULTSAll of the patients had detectable EMG responses at the levels of NMB or= 75%. A significant linear positive correlation was present between stimulation thresholds and NMB levels while a linear negative correlation was present between EMG amplitudes and NMB levels.

CONCLUSIONSThe facial nerve monitoring via facial electromyographic responses can be obtained when an intraoperative partial neuromuscular blockade is induced to provide an adequate immobilization of the patient. The 50% NMB should be considered as the choice of anesthetic management for facial nerve monitoring in otologic microsurgery based on the relationship of correlation.

Adult ; Ear, Middle ; surgery ; Electromyography ; methods ; Facial Nerve ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; methods ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on mouse sperm in vivo.

METHODSA total of 64 six-week-old male Kuming mice were randomly divided into eight groups of equal number to be treated with normal saline (negative control), Cyclophosphamide (CP) at 30 mg/kg (positive control), and CP followed by EGCG (experimental) at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively, given every other day for 10 days. At 4 and 5 weeks after treatment, the bilateral testes of the mice were harvested for examination of sperm abnormality.

RESULTSEGCG did not increase the rate of CP-induced sperm abnormality in the mice, but reduced it instead with the prolonged time of treatment.

CONCLUSIONEGCG protects mouse sperm in vivo.

Animals ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cyclophosphamide ; toxicity ; Male ; Mice ; Mutagens ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopically assisted combined anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (ACL/PCL) reconstructions using Achilles tendon-bone allografts.

METHODSAssociated meniscus injuries were treated according to established methods prior to ligament reconstructions during arthroscopic surgery. Thirty Achilles tendon-bone allografts were used to reconstruct torn ACL and PCL in 15 knees. At postoperative follow-up, all knees were graded using the modified IKDC and the Lysholm scoring systems just as done preoperatively.

RESULTSwere analyzed compared with the contralateral healthy knees. Results: Eleven men and 4 women with a minimum of 3-year follow-up (mean 38 months) were included in the study. Preoperatively, the group ratings by the modified IKDC standards were all severely abnormal. Twelve bicruciate reconstructions were performed in subacute or chronic stage (larger than 3-8 weeks), 3 for acute ligamentous deficiencies (less than or equal to 3 weeks). The noticeable early complication was transitory local fever combined with joint effusion in one case. At postoperative follow-up, 9 knees were normal, 5 nearly normal and 1 abnormal. On Lysholm score the difference was statistically significant (t- test, P less than 0.001) before and after operation.

CONCLUSIONSAchilles tendon-bone allograft offers an alternative for simultaneous arthroscopic ACL/PCL reconstructions. However, further investigation is needed to eradicate its potential immunogenicity for better use.

Achilles Tendon ; transplantation ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

Aluminum ; adverse effects ; Female ; Granuloma ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Sarcoidosis ; etiology ; therapy