ObjectiveTo develop a stable model of focal cerebral infarction in rat to study the curative effect of neural stem cells transplantation.MethodsThirty-seven rats were selected which were divided into two groups in random, experimental group and control group. The focal infarction model was developed by the ligation of the left middle cerebral artery followed by the ligation of the ipsilateral common carotid artery and the temporary clip occlusion of the contralateral common carotid artery for 1.5 h. The operation adopted minimally invasive craniotomy though temporal bone. The model was evaluated by examining the neurologic deficits, ink perfusion, TTC staining and Magnetic Resonance imaging.ResultsAll the rats were in good condition after the operation, the mortality rate was 6.25% after 4 weeks. Ink perfusion and TTC staining confirmed that the ischemia was confined to the cortex. The areas of infarction measured 83.52 mm3 by Magnetic Resonance imaging after 4 weeks.ConclusionA stable focal cerebral infarction model can be achieved by minimally invasive craniotomy. It is superior for its homogeneity of infarction volume and site, and its low mortality. It can be used for the study of transplantation of neural stem cells.

Objective To explore the association of Crohn's disease (CD) with T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) gene polymorphisms in patients of Zhejiang Han population in China.Methods A total of 308 CD patients and 573 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in our study.Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Tim-3 (rs1036199 and rs10515746) were examined by the improved multiple ligase detection reaction technique (iMLDR).Analyses of linkage disequilibrium and haplotype were also performed by Haploview 4.2 software in all study subjects.Results In general,the allele and genotype frequencies of Tim-3 (rs1036199 and rs10515746) were not statistically different between CD patients and the controls (all P ＞0.05).According to the Montreal Classification,CD patients were divided into different subgroups.The variant allele (C) and genotype (AC + CC) of rs1036199 were more frequent in CD patients with penetrating diseases than in the controls (10.4％ vs 1.7％,P =0.002;20.8％ vs 3.5％,P =0.023).Similar conclusions were also drawn for the variant allele (A) and genotype (CA + AA) of rs10515746 in patients with penetrating diseases when compared with the controls (10.4％ vs 2.2％,P =0.000;20.8％ vs 4.2％,P =0.033,respectively).The two SNPs of Tim-3 were in strong linkage disequilibrium (D'=1.0,r2 =0.928).The haplotype (AC) formed by their wild-type alleles (A) and (C) was decreased in patients with penetrating CD compared with the controls (89.6％ vs 98.3％,P =0.000).However,the haplotype (CA) formed by their variant alleles was more frequent in patients with penetrating CD than in the controls (10.4％ vs 1.6％,P =0.000).Conclusions Tim-3 (rs1036199 and rs10515746) variations might be correlated with the enhanced risk of penetrating diseases in CD patients.Furthermore,the haplotype (AC) and (CA) formed by the two SNPs might be a protective and a risky factor for penetrating CD respectively.

To observe the clinical effect of Yisui decoction plus western medicine in treating multiple system atrophy patients, totally 65 patients from China-Japan Friendship hospital during 2008-2012 with complete clinical data and received consecutive traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine treatment for more than 3 months were observed changes of traditional Chinese medicine symptom score, part 1 of unified multiple system atrophy rating scale, orthostatic hypotension before treatment and after 3 months treatment. After 3 months treatment, total effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine symptom was 70.8%. Compared with before treatment, score of part 1 of unified multiple system atrophy rating scale was obviously reduced after 3 month treatment (P < 0.001). Ex- cept swallow function without significant improvement, the remaining projects of unified multiple system atrophy rating scale were im- proved obviously (P < 0.05), of which the most obvious differences were orthostatic symptoms, falls and intestinal function (P < 0.001). Orthostatic hypotension after 1 month treatment and 3 month treatment was obviously better than before treatment (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in orthostatic hypotension between 1 month treatment and 3 month treatment. The research results show that Yisui decoction plus western medicine has a certain effect on improving clinical symptoms of multiple system atrophy patients, especially has a significant effect on orthostatic hypotension, and can maintain a stable clinical effect in a certain period of time.
Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Multiple System Atrophy ; drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the association of Crohn's disease(CD)with vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphisms. Methods After collecting 326 CD patients and 464 healthy controls,the four single nucleotide polymorphisms of VDR (FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI) were examined by a SNaPshot technique. Results Compared with those in controls,the frequencies of mutant allele(A)and genotype(GA+AA)of BsmI were significantly decreased in CD patients(both P=0.001). The similar conclusions were also drawn for the mutant allele(C)and genotype(TC+CC)of TaqI(both P<0.05). In further stratified analysis,compared with those in controls,the mutant alleles and genotypes of BsmI and TaqI were significantly reduced in stenotic type CD patients (all P<0.0083). The analyses of linkage disequilibrium(LD)and haplotype showed that BsmI,ApaI and TaqI were in a strong LD,and the formed haplotype AAC was significantly lower in CD patients than that in controls (P <0.05). Conclusions VDR(BsmI and TaqI)polymorphisms are significantly related with the reduced susceptibility to CD,especially for patients with stenotic CD. Moreover,the haplotype AAC might engender a reduced risk of CD.

Objective: To establish HPLC-PDA fingerprint for study on Rabdosiae Rubescentis Herba (RRH) from different areas and to scientifically evaluate and effectively control the quality of RRH from different areas by HPLC fingerprint combined with principal component analysis (PCA). Methods: The fingerprint of RRH was established by HPLC-PDA and PCA and semblance analysis methods were applied to treating the experimental data in order to fine the similarity and difference among 18 batches of RRH from four different areas. The chromatographic procedure was carried out with DiamonsilTM C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as an analytic column and a mixture consisting of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid in gradient as mobile phase, and the temperature of column was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm and the flow rate was 0.8 mL/min. Results: The common mode of HPLC characteristic chromatographic profile was set up with 19 common peaks, and four of them were identified as oridonin, ponicidin, lasiodonin, and rosmarinic acid. The similarities of 18 batches of RRH were between 0.421- 0.984. The result of PCA showed that the accumulative contribution rate of the first three factors was up to 87.3%, which were chosen to comprehensively evaluate the quality of RRH. Conclusion: The application of HPLC combined with PCA could quickly and objectively evaluate the quality difference of RRH in different batches.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the current state of consuming breakfast among elementary school students residing in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, and to identify factors that influence breakfast behavior.METHODS: The research model was set up as per the health belief model, and slightly modified by adding the subjective normative factors of the theory of planned behavior. The survey was conducted from July 17 to August 15, 2017 using a questionnaire, after receiving the permission PNU IRB (2017_60_HR).RESULTS: The subjects were 77 boys (49.4%) and 79 girls (50.6%) suffering from malnutrition with anemia (21.2%) and stunting ratio of Height for Age Z Score (HAZ) (11.5%). Furthermore, moderate weakness (14.8%) and overweight and obesity (12.3%) by Body Mass Index for Age Z Score (BMIZ) were coexistent. According to the results obtained for breakfast, 21.8% did not eat breakfast before school, with 18.8% of the reasons for skipping breakfast being attributed to lack of food. Even for subjects partaking breakfast, only about 10% had a good balanced diet. The average score of behavioral intention on eating breakfast was 2.60 ± 0.58. The perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy of the health belief model correlated with breakfast behavior. Of these, self-efficacy (β=0.447, R²=0.200) and perceived sensitivity (β=0.373, R²=0.139) had the greatest effect on breakfast behavior. Mother was the largest impact person among children.CONCLUSIONS: In order to increase the level of breakfast behavior intention among children surveyed in Indonesia, we determined the effectiveness by focus on education which helps the children recognize to be more likely to get sick when they don't have breakfast, and increase their confidence in ability to have breakfast on their own. We believe there is a necessity to seek ways to provide indirect intervention through mothers, as well as impart direct nutrition education to children.
Anemia ; Body Mass Index ; Breakfast ; Child ; Diet ; Eating ; Education ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Female ; Growth Disorders ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Intention ; Malnutrition ; Mothers ; Obesity ; Overweight

This study purposed to investigate the effects of different oxygen concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the biological characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their possible mechanisms through simulating oxygen environment to which the peripheral blood HSC are subjected in peripheral blood HSCT. The proliferation ability, cell cycle, directed differentiation ability, ROS level and hematopoietic reconstitution ability of Lin(-)c-kit(+)Sca-1(+) BMHSC were detected by using in vitro amplification test, directional differentiation test, cell cycle analysis, ROS assay and transplantation of Lin(-)c-kit(+)Sca-1(+) HSC from sublethally irradiated mice respectively. The results showed that oxygen concentrations lower than normal oxygen concentration, especially in hypoxic oxygen environment, could reduce ROS generation and amplify more primitive CD34(+)AC133(+) HSC and active CD34(+) HSC, and maintain more stem cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase, which is more helpful to the growth of CFU-S and viability of mice. At the same time, BMHSC exposed to normal oxygen level or inconstant and greatly changed oxygen concentrations could produce a high level of ROS, and the above-mentioned features and functional indicators are relatively low. It is concluded that ROS levels of HSC in BMHSCT are closely related with the oxygen concentration surrounding the cells and its stability. Low oxygen concentration and antioxidant intervention are helpful to transplantation of BMHSC.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Initial stability of implant is an important factor for predicting osseointegration. It requires a rapid, non-invasive, user-friendly technique to frequently assess the implant stability and the degree of osseointegration. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and the radiographic method for peri-implant bone change under in vitro conditions. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty implants of 3.75 mm in diameter(Neoplant, Neobiotech, Korea) were used. To simulate peri-implant bone change, 2 mm-deep 45degrees range horizontal defect and 2 mm-deep 90 degrees range horizontal defect area were serially prepared perpendicular to the X-ray beam after conventional implant insertion. Customized film holding device was fabricated to standardize the projection geometry for serial radiographs of implants and direct digital image was obtained. ISQ values and gray values inside threads were measured before and after periimplant bone defect preparation. Results. Within a limitation of this study, ISQ value of resonance frequency analysis was changed according to peri-implant bone change (p<0.05) and gray value of radiographic method was changed according to peri-implant bone change (p<0.05). There was no correlation between the ISQ value and the gray value for peri-implant bone change (p>0.05). But, in horizontal defect condition, relatively positive correlation were between ISQ and gray values(r=0.663). CONCLUSION: This results provided a possibility that peri-implant bone change may be evaluated by both RFA and radiographic method.
Dental Implants ; Osseointegration ; Radiography

Although the incidence of extrapyramidal reactions associated with metoclopramide has been reported to be approximately 0.2%, such reactions are rare in the anesthetic field. Several anesthetic adjuvants, including ondansetron and pregabalin, have also been associated with extrapyramidal side effect. Here, the authors report the case of a 47-year-old patient, previously administered pregabalin and ondansetron, who developed extrapyramidal side effects after a single injection of metoclopramide (10 mg) in a post-anesthesia care unit.
Adjuvants, Anesthesia ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Humans ; Incidence ; Metoclopramide ; Middle Aged ; Ondansetron ; Pregabalin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution in mandibular implant overdentures with telescopic crowns compared to bar attachment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element models consisting of the mandibular bone, 4 implants, and primary bar-splinted superstructure or secondary splinted superstructure with telescopic crowns were created. Vertical and oblique loads were directed onto the occlusal areas of the superstructures to simulate the maximal intercuspal contacts and working contacts such as group function occlusion. Maximum stress and stress distribution were analysed in mandibular bone, implant abutments, and superstructures. RESULTS: 1. In comparison of von Mises stress on mandibular bone, telescopic overdenture had a little lower stress values in vertical load and working side load except oblique load. In the mandible, the telescopic overdenture distributed more uniform stress than the bar overdenture. 2. In comparison of von Mises stress on implant abutments, telescopic overdenture had much lower stress values in all load conditions. In implant abutments, the telescopic overdenture distributed stress similar to the bar overdenture. Stress was concentrated on the distal surfaces of the posterior implant abutments in both mandibular overdentures. 3. In comparison of von Mises stress on superstructures, the telescopic overdenture had much more stress values in all load conditions. However, the telescopic overdenture distributed more uniform stress on superstructure than the bar overdenture. In the bar overdenture, stress was concentrated on each cental area of bar structures and connected area between implant abutments and bar structures. CONCLUSION: In the results of this study, the telescopic overdenture had lower stress values than the bar overdenture in mandibular bone and implant abutments, but more stress values in superstructures. However, if optimal material was selected in making superstructures, the telescopic overdenture was compared to the bar overdenture in stress distribution.
Crowns ; Denture, Overlay ; Finite Element Analysis ; Mandible ; Splints