The paper is aimed to identify SNP in Sarcandra glabra and Chloranthus spicatus, and authenticate S. glabra from Ch. spicatus and the mixture by using PCR amplification of specific alleles. SNPs in the ITS sequences of S. glabra and Ch. spicatus were found by ClustulX 2. 1 program and Bioedit software. Primers for authentic S. glabra and Ch. spicatus was designed according to the SNP site, and ITS sequence universal primers plus to the authentic primer to construct a multi-PCR reaction system, and then optimized the PCR reaction system. Five hundred and eighty band special for S. glabra and 470 bp band special for Ch. spicatus were found by using multi-PCR reaction. The multi-PCR reaction system could be applied to identify S. glabra and Ch. spicatus's leaves.
DNA, Plant ; analysis ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; analysis ; genetics ; Magnoliopsida ; classification ; genetics ; Plant Leaves ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S ; genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S ; genetics ; Species Specificity

The study is aimed to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 18 Sarcandra glabra resources from different populations,and guide parent selection of cross breeding between these resources. The molecular marker technique ISSR was used to investigate the genetic diversity of the 18 resources. Data was analyzed by POPGEN 32, and a cluster diagram was presented by UPGMA. One hundred and ninety-eight amplified fragments were obtained using 23 ISSR primers. One hundred and eighty-four polymorphic loci were identified. Nei's genetic diversity index (h) was 0.32, Shannon diversity index (I) was 0.485 4. The genetic similarity coefficient among the resources ranged from 0.383 8 to 0.878 8 in an average of 0.661 2. The genetic distance between sample S2 and sample S18 was the farthest, so as between sample S3 and sample S18 both Nei's genetic distance was 0.957 5, The genetic distance between sample S4 and sample S5 was the closest, the Nei's genetic distance was 0.129 2,and the sample S1, S2, S3, S7, S10 were significantly different from the others based on the clustering analysis, the three groups S2 vs S3, S2 vs S6, S2 vs S18 were the best parent group selection. There was a middle level of genetic differentiation in the resources. The genetic distance between resources gives useful information to guide parent selection of cross breeding.
Conservation of Natural Resources ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Magnoliopsida ; classification ; genetics ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Phylogeny

Objective To investigate the effect of intravenous fluid infusion combined with water throuth gastrointestinal tract in treating the patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state(HHS).Methods 30 HHS pa- tients were recruited.All the patients were given water throuth gastrointestinal infusion while they were administrat- ed continuously intravenous infusion.Laboratory parameters such as serum natrium,serum potasium,serum glucose and serum osmolarity ect were monitored at the admission and after treatment.Results Serum glucose and serum osmolarity of HHS patients were decreased smoothly at the speed of less than 3 mmol?L~(-1).h~(-1)during the first 12 hours after treatment.After 48 hour-treatment,serum natrium,serum potassium and serum osmolarity recovered to normal levels except 2 deaths,serum glucose decreased to(10.8?5.2)mmol/L.Conclusion Intravenous fluid infu- sion combined with water throuth gastrointestinal tract for the patients could lower smoothly serum glucose and serum osmolarity and decrease the mortality of the HHS patients.

Human, birds and other mammals can be infected by avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. Bird infections spread among continents in the last 2 years. Human infections become endemic in certain areas, characterized with young patients and high mortality. An unprecedented epizootic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus that is highly pathogenic has crossed the species barrier in Asia to cause many human fatalities and poses an increasing pandemic threat. This summary describes the features of human infection with influenza A (H5N1) in epidemiology and etiology and reviews recommendations for prevention.
Animals ; Birds ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Indonesia ; epidemiology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in males and females worldwide; yet its impact upon male fertility remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of HPV infection in semen on male fertility abnormality. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library database for relevant publications up to May 6, 2017. The odds ratio (OR), and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), was selected to represent the effect size. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0. In total, eight articles, providing data on 1955 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Collectively, the data suggested that HPV infection of semen was a risk factor for male fertility abnormality with an OR of 3.02 (95% CI: 2.11-4.32; I2 = 6.9%). Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results of this study were robust. In conclusion, HPV infection of semen represents a risk factor for male fertility abnormality.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effects and security of nanometer ceramics artificial bone transplantation to treat the bone defect.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to November 2007, 32 patients (artificial bone group) with extremity bone defects applied nanometer ceramics artificial bone transplantations, included 19 males and 13 females, aged from 17 to 63 years old (averaged 31.4 years). The other 36 patients (internal fixation group) with extremity bone defects were treated by the internal fixation in the same period, included 21 males and 15 females, aged from 16 to 65 years old (averaged 32.6 years). Ca, P, B-ALP, IgG, IgA, IgM, CIC, C3, SL-2R and CD4+/CD8+ in the peripheral venous blood were measured in the 1st and 2th week and 1st, 3rd, 6th month after operation. All patients were followed up and the limb function was evaluated according to Enneking standard.

RESULTSThe wounds of all patients smoothly healed after operation. Every immunological indicators had no significant difference between two groups. Serum calcium and phosphorus content did not significantly increased. Serum B-ALP of all patients were increased after operation, fell to normal levels in the internal fixation group, but remained at a relatively high level in the artificial bone group. All patients were followed-up for from 9 to 24 months (averaged 15 months). All patients get the excellent physical function.

CONCLUSIONThe artificial bone has no immunogenicity, no rejection,does not affect the blood calcium and phosphorus content, and has higher osteogenic activity. It is affirmed that nanometer ceramics artificial bone is used to treat the smaller bone defect on clinical.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; immunology ; Bone and Bones ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nanoparticles ; Prostheses and Implants ; Young Adult

Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vaccination ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo examine the characteristics of cases excluded from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the reasons for exclusion.

METHODS2071 probable or suspected cases excluded from SARS between March and June, 2003 were analyzed.

RESULTSTwo-thirds of the excluded cases were males. Construction workers, students and retired people ranked top three in all the occupation categories. Three peaks appeared in the dates of exclusion, and the most obvious one was from June 7 to June 13. There were two peaks in the distribution of time period from onset to exclusion, one was six to ten days and the other was forty-eight to fifty-two days after onset. Patients with history of close contact were more likely to be excluded within fifty days after onset than those without close history of contact. Pneumonia, common cold and lung infection were the leading causes for correction in the 1211 excluded cases.

CONCLUSIONStudy on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis should be emphasized.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Common Cold ; diagnosis ; Contact Tracing ; statistics & numerical data ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem that is growing in prevalence and is associated with severe complications. During the progression of the disease, a majority of CKD patients suffer oral complications. Dental implants are currently the most reliable and successful treatment for missing teeth. However, due to complications of CKD such as infections,bone lesions, bleeding risks, and altered drug metabolism, dental implant treatment for renal failure patients on dialysis is more challenging. In this review, we have summarized the characteristics of CKD and previous publications regarding dental treatments for renal failure patients. In addition, we discuss our recent research results and clinical experience in order to provide dental implant practitioners with a clinical guideline for dental implant treatment for renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Objective To estimate the real number of novel influenza A(H1N1 ) infection in Beijing, 2009. Methods A multiplier model (Impact 2009 v 1.0 software) based on Monte Carlo approach was used to estimate the real number of novel influenza A (H1N1 ) based on the number of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases, novel influenza A(H1N1 ) positive rate among ILI cases and rate on clinical visit of ILIs in secondary and tertiary hospitals. Results There were 1.80 million (90%CI: 1.46-2.30) estimated novel influenza A (H1N1) cases in 2009 in Beijing with the rate of infection as 11.0%. One reported case would represent 167 real infections. The highest age groups of infection were 0-4 years and 5-14 years, being 32.5% and 33.3%, respectively. Conclusion Laboratory-confirmed infections with novel influenza A (H1N1 ) only represented a fraction of the total cases in a population, suggesting that it was imperative to estimate the real number of novel influenza A (H1N1) infection.