Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; Colon ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Peristalsis ; Syndrome ; Urinary Bladder ; abnormalities

Cardiac enlargement is an important symptom of vascular and heart disease. The cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) is an important index used to measure the size of heart. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between aging and cardiothoracic ratio. This paper also presents an improved C-V level set method to segment lung tissue based on X-ray image, which used to automatically compute CTR. In the investigation carried out in our school, we got more than 3 120 chest radiographs from medical examination of the working population in Beijing, and we systematically studied the effects of age and gender on the CTR to obtain reference values for each group. The reference values established in this study can be useful for recording and quantifying the cardiac enlargement, so that it may be useful for calling attention to the cardiovascular diseases and the heart diseases.
Aging ; Algorithms ; Cardiomegaly ; pathology ; Heart ; diagnostic imaging ; Heart Diseases ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Radiography, Thoracic ; methods ; Reference Values

This paper observed the influence of water-soluble Chitosan on the growth of bacteria cultured in vitro with solid medium. The results showed that Escherichia coli、staphylo- coccus aureus、Bacillus subtillus、Sarcina and Actinomyces5406 could be inhibited to different degrees by Chitosan with certain concertrations. The corresponding MIC Were 0. 5%、0. 3%、 0. 5%、0. 3% and 0. 5%. The results also showed that Chitosan had stable antibacterial action after being treated with heat and it could keep instant flavouring kelp fresh and antiseptic.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of fat granule injection for auto-trans-plantation in the treatment of concave temporal area. Methods The fat granule was extracted with injec-tor and injected into temporal area after washing and purging, but it might be necessany for patient to be injected extra 20 % fat autograft due to his absorptive effect. Results Satisfactory results were obtained in all patients. Transplantation was carried out one time in 139 cases, two times in 9 cases, and three times in 4 cases. 6 - 28 ml fat granule was injected in one site at each time. Conclusion Fat granule injec-tion for auto-transplantation is a safe and ideal method to treat concave temporal area.

Objective To study the regularity of compound herbal formulae for renal fibrosis (RF). Methods Compound herbal formulae published about the treatment of RF in databases of Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, and Wanfang Databasewere searched and collected. A database was established for data mining by using frequency analysis, cluster analysis and association rule analysis. Regularity of key herbs and groups of herbs was discussed. Results There were 38 prescriptions (totally 95 herbs) in the compound herbal formulae for RF, and the total frequency was 362 times. High frequency herbs under cluster analysis were classified into 3 clusters including tonic, hemorheologic agent and promoting diuresis drugs. The rules in pair of herbs were 18, and rules in group of herbs were 31 (three or four medicinal herbs) by using association rule analysis. Conclusion Tonifying promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasisis a common sense for treating RF.

Myopia is the most important cause of visual impairment in adolescents. However, its etiology is complex. In recent years, a large number of epidemiological studies have been done on risk factors of myopia. Most of these studies is cross- sectional study, not longitudinal cohort study. Overall, the incidence of myopia is the result of the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. This review is about the risk factors for myopia.

Objective To explore the efficacy of foreskin-deglove and shaft-fix procedure combined with Z-plasty of penis and scrotum skin in the treatment of concealed penis. Methods Fifty-eight patients diagnosed as concealed penis were included in the study.All of them underwent the foreskin-deglove and shaft-fix procedure.Foreskin was degloved from 5 mm to 10 mm proximal to corona deep to the root,and bilateral tunica albuginea at this level was sutured to suprapubic scarpas' fascia.Z plasty of penis and scrotum skin was applied to cover penile shaft. Results After follow-up for 6 to 12 months,there was no recurrent retraction of the penile shaft,and all the patients were satisfied with the appearance of penis after plastic surgery.Edema of prepuce occurred in 2 patients,and completely regressed in 2 to 3 months.There was no incision scar hyperplasy,and the function of urination and erection were normal. Conclusion Foreskin-deglove and shaft-fix procedure combined with Z-plasty of penis and scrotum skin can resolve pathologic problems of concealed penis and has favourable aesthetic results with less complications.It is easy to perform and is an ideal procedure in the treatment of concealed penis.

Objective To study clinicopathologic significance of microvessel density(MVD)and the expres- sion of CD34 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Using Elivision Plus immunohistochemistry method.50 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 15 cases of inflammation nasopharyngeal tissues were stained with CD34.Results In comparison with inflammation nasopharyngeal tissues MVD(9.23?1.84),the MVD in nasopharyngeal carcino- ma(21.92?7.80)was significantly higher(P

BACKGROUND:Behavioral problems among preschool children affect the quality of life in childhood, and it may predict psychiatric disorders in adulthood.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the correlation of behavioral problem occurrence with gender and breastfeeding in children aged 4-5 years old.DESIGN: A stratified random cluster sampling investigation.SETTING:Department of Child Health Care,Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University,and Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS:Totally 600 children (301 boys and 299 girls) aged4-5 years old from 10 kindergartens in 4 districts in Qingdao city were chosen by stratified random cluster sampling during May in 2004.They. all used to be full-term infants of natural labor.METHODS:Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for parents and self-made inventory scale influencing children's behavior were adopted. Behavioral problems were dependent variables whereas feeding category and breastfeeding duration were independent variables. The effects of feeding category in the first 4 months of life and breastfeeding duration on children's behavior were examined by single factor and multiple factors logistic regression (backward selection).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Breastfeeding condition, breastfeeding duration and behavioral development.RESULTS:According to intention-processing analysis, 600 children 14.2% (85/600) among the 600 children investigated. It was 17.94%(54/301) in males and 10.4% (31/299) in females,with a significant indicated that boys who had been fed on "more infant formula than problem occurrence (OR=2.72,4.29). Breastfeeding duration ≥9months was a protective factor for males (OR=0.43) Girls who feeding duration ＜ 1 month had a risk of behavioral problem ocfeeding duration were set as independent variables and with or without behavioral problems was set as dependent variable to perform multiand breastfeeding duration ≥ 9 months were the risk factors and protective factors of behavioral problem occurrence for males (OR=3.76,ioral problem occurrence for females (OR=2.55,7.79,7.79), which were tective factors of behavioral problem occurrence for males (OR=3.48,behavioral problem occurrence for females ( OR=2.49,9.81,12.89).CONCLUSION:Male is a risk factor of behavioral problems;less breastfeeding and shorter breastfeeding duration are the risk factors of behavioral problem occurrence in children aged 4 to 5 years.

China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy