Objective To study the serum immunoglobulin IgG,IgM,IgA and complements C3,C4 level changes in hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) combined with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP).Methods The cases were divided into three groups in this study,including 30 cases of HFMD,30 cases of HFMD combined with AFP,and 30 cases of healthy(normal control group).Immunoturbidimetric assay was used to test the level changes of IgG,IgM,IgA,and complements C3,C4.Results The IgG,IgA,C3 and C4 in HFMD combined with AFP group were (5.49±1.04) g/L,(0.39±0.27) g/L,(0.65.±0.19) g/L and (0.16.±0.11) g/L respectively,lower than those in HFMD group((7.07± 1.63) g/L,(0.55±0.32) g/L,(0.97.±0.18) g/L,(0.23.±0.09) g/L) and normal control group((9.58±1.42) g/L,(0.81±0.33) g/L,(1.28.±0.25) g/L,(0.34.±0.16) g/L),there were statistically significant differences among groups(F=12.04,1.84,1.65,1.29;P=0.031,0.020,0.018,0.025).However,the expression of IgM in HFMD combined with AFP group was (1.34±0.26) g/L,higher than that in HFMD group((1.02±0.29) g/L) and normal control group ((0.76±0.28) g/L),the difference was statistically significant(F=3.62,P=0.014).Conclusion HFMD combined with AFP exists severe humoral immune dysfunction,which provides a theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of HFMD combined with AFP.

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a developmental disorder disease,with social interaction and communication disorders,stereotyped behavior and narrow interest. As autism knowledge popularization,more and more autism was intervention,however,more concentrated the youth. Pediatricians should also pay attention to the intervention result and the other life stage.

OBJECTIVESTo introduce the method and experience of three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).

METHODSBoth AMS700CX/CXM and MENTOR ALPHA I three-piece inflatable prosthesis were used for 48 cases of ED.

RESULTSThere were no rejection, mechanical problems, urethral injury and penile skin necrosis after surgery. All patients had satisfaction of sexual life. Only one case had trauma of tunica albuginea (2.08%) and the implantation had to be cancelled. There were 2 cases of post-operative infection (4.17%), 10 cases of prepuce edema(20.8%), 8 cases of penile pain(16.67%). The effective rate was 97.9% and satisfaction rate was almost 100%.

CONCLUSIONSThree-piece inflatable penile prosthesis was more compatible to human physiology. It is natural, easy to hide and use, and it caused little trauma in surgery with high rate of successful implantation and patient satisfaction. It was indicated for all kinds of ED, especially suitable for refractory and drug incurable ED patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Erectile Dysfunction ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Implantation ; Penile Prosthesis

AIMTo detect the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) tissues, as well as to determine the correlation between growth factor expression and prognosis in SACC.

METHODOLOGYMedical records of 63 patients surgically treated for SACC between January 1988 and October 2005 were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of NGF and VEGF in tumor tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox's proportional hazard regression model were applied to assess predictors of survival.

RESULTSNGF and VEGF were overexpressed in SACC tissues, compared with those in normal salivary tissues (P < 0.05), and the staining intensity of these two factors was stronger in groups of solid subtype, advanced TNM stage, perineural invasion and recurrence. Patients with high-expression of NGF and VEGF, solid subtype, advanced stage, perineural invasion, recurrence and extended resection alone had worse survival rates (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNGF and VEGF are expressed increasingly in the tissues of SACC cases with invasion and metastasis. NGF expression and VEGF expression are independent

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; pathology ; surgery ; Cranial Nerves ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nerve Growth Factor ; analysis ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Salivary Glands ; pathology ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the characteristics of GCH1 gene mutation of close relatives marriage caused dopa reactive dystonia (DRD).Methods The data of 3 patients with DRD from the same family in our hospital and their families were analyzed.Genes related to hereditary dyskinesia in their families were detected and validated. Results In this family, the proband’s parents (Ⅲ3 and Ⅲ4) were close relatives.The proband (Ⅳ2) and her eldest daughter (Ⅴ2) and niece (Ⅴ7) were all DRD patients.All of them were young onset , mainly manifested as Parkinsonina-like symptoms and dystonia , and all responded well to dopamine therapy.Gene detection showed that the GCH1 gene had c.245T＞C (p.Leu82Pro) mutation.The second daughter (Ⅴ3), son (Ⅴ5), granddaughter (Ⅵ3) and brother (Ⅳ3) of the proband were carriers of abnormal genes.Conclusions Close relatives marriage increases the incidence of DRD.DRD may be considered in patients with a positive family history of dystonia.Gene detection is an effective diagnosis method.

OBJECTIVEA prospective study was conducted to probe into the relationship between arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and brain injury during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD).

METHODEnrolled in the study were 45 cyanotic infants, who were less than three years old and underwent corrective cardiac surgery from August 1(st), 2010 to January 31(st), 2011 at Guangdong General Hospital. All the infants had a pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) lower than 85% and were randomly allocated into three groups by a specific computer program. In controlled group 1 (G1 group), PaO2 levels were controlled at 80 - 120 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) during CPB; in controlled group 2 (G2 group), PaO2 levels at 120 - 200 mm Hg during CPB; while in uncontrolled group (G3 group), PaO2 levels were at 200 - 400 mm Hg during CPB. Blood samples were collected just before starting CPB, at the end of CPB, and at 3 h, 5 h, and 24 h after CPB (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) for the determination of serum concentrations of protein S100β, neuron specific enolase (NSE), and adrenomedullin (ADM) by ELISA.

RESULTProtein S100β rose significantly after starting CPB. In group G3, it reached a peak of (699 ± 139) ng/L by the end of CPB, significantly higher than those in groups G1 and G2 [(528 ± 163) ng/L and (585 ± 155) ng/L], and was positively correlated with PaO2 levels (r = 0.526, P < 0.01). NSE levels of group G1 were continuously rising after starting CPB and reached significantly high levels at 3 h or 5 h after CPB [(12.2 ± 3.4) µg/L and (12.3 ± 3.7) µg/L], while those of group G2 rose significantly during CPB [(10.9 ± 4.8) µg/L] and even higher at 3 h or 5 h after CPB [(12.6 ± 5.1) µg/L and (13.2 ± 5.4) µg/L]. NSE levels of group G3 rose significantly during CPB and maintained at a high level [(12.2 ± 5.7) µg/L] afterwards. There was no significant difference in serum ADM concentrations among different time points in each group and among these three groups. All the infants were discharged from the hospital without any obvious nervous symptom and sign.

CONCLUSIONHigh PaO2 during CPB in infants with CHD might cause an increase of serum protein S100β and NSE, indicating that brain injury might become worse with a higher PaO2 and might be positively correlated with PaO2 during CPB.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child, Preschool ; Cyanosis ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; blood ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; blood ; Partial Pressure ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Prospective Studies ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; blood ; Serum

OBJECTIVETo reveal the mechanism of acupuncture at the Heart meridian in treatment of myocardial ischemia from gene level.

METHODSA model of acute myocardial ischemia was made by ligation of left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. Changes of gene expression pattern of the Lung meridian group, the Heart meridian group and the model group in the heart were compared.

RESULTSDifferential expression genes and expression sequence tags (ESTs) were 14 with signal log ratio > or = 1 and 20 with signal log ratio < or = -1, mainly included immunological and inflammatory reaction relative genes, cell signal transduction and transferrin relative genes, and others, in the Lung meridian group vs the model group. Differential expression genes and ESTs were 20 with signal log ratio > or = 1 and 70 with signal log ratio < or = -1, mainly included ion channel and transport protein relative genes, cell apoptosis and stress reaction protein relative genes, metabolism relative genes, cell signal transduction and transferrin relative genes, DNA's binding, transcription and transcriptional factor relative genes, immunological and inflammatory reaction relative genes, and others, in the Heart meridian group vs the model group.

CONCLUSIONIn number and types of differential expression genes and ESTs with signal log ratio > or = 1 or < or = -1, the changes in the Heart meridian group vs the model group were obviously different from those in the Lung meridian group vs the model group, indicating that the Heart meridian has relative specificity in protecting against acute myocardial ischemia.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Heart ; Meridians ; Myocardial Ischemia ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of sumoylation of alpha-synuclein by SUMO-1 on the mitochondria subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein and its degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome system.

METHODSPrimers of wild-type, A53T pathogenic mutant and K96R mutant of human alpha-synuclein were designed to amplify the corresponding cDNAs without stop codon. The cDNAs were cloned into pGEM T-easy vector, analyzed by using enzyme mapping and DNA sequencing, and subcloned into pEGFP-N1 vector. The recombinant plasmids of pEGFP-alpha-synuclein-WT, pEGFP-alpha-synuclein-A53T and pEGFP-alpha-synuclein-K96R were transfected into HEK293 cells by lipofectamine method. The expression of the alpha-synuclein protein was measured by immunofluorescence and confocal microscope. Then mitochondria staining as well as immunofluorescence were utilized to investigate the effect of wild-type, A53T mutant and sumoylation of alpha-synuclein on mitochondria subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein. The effect of sumoylation of alpha-synuclein on its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the cells was assayed by Western-blot.

RESULTSThe enzyme mapping suggested that the eukaryotic expression plasmids for human wild-type, A53T and K96R mutants of the alpha-synuclein gene were constructed successfully. By immunofluorescence and confocal microscope, it was observed that alpha-synuclein-WT and alpha-synuclein-A53T proteins aggregated in cytoplasm, and alpha-synuclein-K96R protein aggregation was decreased in cytoplasm of cultured cells. The alpha-synuclein proteins of wild-type, A53T and K96R mutants were co-localized with mitochondria. Western-blot analysis revealed that both wild-type and A53T mutant affected the amount of the ubiquitinated proteins.

CONCLUSIONNeither overexpression of wild-type and A53T pathogenic mutant alpha-synuclein, nor sumoylation of alpha-synuclein, affected the subcellular localization in the mitochondria. However, overexpression of wild-type and A53T mutant alpha-synuclein affected the amount of the ubiquitinated proteins.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; metabolism ; SUMO-1 Protein ; metabolism ; Ubiquitin ; metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the difference in the expression of VEGF, bFGF and their receptors between young and postmenopausal women with breast cancer.

METHODSThe expression of VEGF, FLK-1, bFGF and FLG in 40 young and 30 postmenopausal women with breast cancer was studied by immunohistochemical method (SABC), with its relation with axillary lymph node metastasis and the clinical and pathologic characteristics. The expression index between these two groups was compared.

RESULTSThe positive axillary lymph node rate and the mean expression of VEGF, bFGF in the young group were higher than postmenopausal group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05), respectively. The mean expression of VEGF, bFGF, FLK-1 and FLG of axillary lymph node positive patients was higher than the negative ones both in young and postmenopausal women groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). There was also a significant difference in VEGF, bFGF, FLK-1, FLG and MVC between the stage 0 - II and stage III - IV (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) in both groups.

CONCLUSIONBreast cancer angiogenesis, characterized by the high expression of VEGF and bFGF, is directly correlated with the high tumor aggressiveness in the young women.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; analysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Postmenopause ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 ; analysis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; analysis