Objective To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound?guided iliohypogastric∕ilioinguinal nerve block and transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after cesarean section. Methods Ninety parturients, aged 20-40 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective cesarean section, were divided into 3 groups ( n=30 each) using a random number table:con?trol group (group C), ultrasound?guided iliohypogastric∕ilioinguinal nerve block group (group IH∕II) and ultrasound?guided transversus abdominis plane block group (group TAP). In IH∕II and TAP groups, bilat?eral ultrasound?guided iliohypogastric∕ilioinguinal nerve block and transversus abdominis plane block were performed after surgery, respectively, with 0.5% ropivacaine 1.5 mg∕kg ( the maximal dose 100 mg) plus dexamethasone 5 mg for each side. All the patients received patient?controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine after surgery, and numeric rating scales scores at rest and during movement were maintained<4 within the 48 h after surgery. The cumulative consumption of morphine was recorded at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after surgery. The occurrence of adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus, over?sedation and respiratory depression was observed and recorded in the analgesic period. Results Compared with group C, the cumulative consumption of morphine was significantly decreased at each time point in IH∕II and TAP groups ( P<0.01) . Compared with group IH∕II, no significant change was found in the cumulative consumption of morphine at 6 and 12 h after surgery, and the cumulative consumption of morphine was sig?nificantly increased at 24, 36 and 48 h after surgery in group TAP ( P<0.05) . No nausea, vomiting, pru?
ritus, over?sedation and respiratory depression was found in IH∕II and TAP groups. Conclusion For par?turients, ultrasound?guided iliohypogastric∕ilioinguinal nerve block and transversus abdominis plane block both can provide analgesic efficacy after cesarean section, and the efficacy of the former one is better.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To assess the efficacy of the prophylactic de-escalation use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV) in improvement of oxygenation following extubation after stanford type A aortic dissection.Methods 40 patients recovering from the stanford type A aortic dissection operation in the Center for Cardiac Intensive Care,Beijing Anzhen Hospital between December 2015 and April 2016,and meet the inclusion criterion after extubation,were investigated.The patients were random divided into 2 groups with RandA1.0 software,each group contained 20 patients:NPPV with mask vs.traditional oxygen treatment with mask.NPPV initial 2 h(started from extubation) settings:inspiratory pressure(IPAP) of 14-16 cmH2 O,expiratory pressure (EPAP) of 6-8 cmH2 O,the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.35-0.55.2-8 h the parameters of setting were decreased:IPAP l0-12 cmH2 O,EPAP 4 cmH2 O.After 8 h the NPPV was finished and the oxygen treatment instead.The oxygen treatment settings:the flux inhalation of oxygen was 6-10 L/min,and FiO2 was adjusted to 0.35-0.55.Make a comparison with the two groups in the clinical effect at 2 h,8 h,24 h,3 days,and to compare their reintubation rate.Results PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were higher in the prophylactic NPPV group compared to oxygen treatment group after 2 h [94.7(89.7,100.1) mmHg vs.84.5(78.7,87.1) mmHg,P ＜0.05.(192.7 ±31.2) mmHg vs.(167.0 ± 18.9) mmHg,P＜0.05],8 h[99.1(90.3,132.8) mmHgvs.86.3(82.3,95.6) mmHg,P＜0.05.198.2(180.5,246.2) mmHg vs.172.5(164.7,191.2) mmHg,P ＜0.05],24 h[(100.0 ± 18.9) mmHg vs.(87.3 ±12.9) mmHg,P＜ 0.05.(197.5±36.8) mmHgvs.(170.1 ±29.8) mmHg,P＜0.05] and3 days[98.2(87.4,110.5)mmHg vs.86.8 (79.4,89.6) mmHg,P ＜ 0.05.(193.2 ± 37.1) mmHg vs.(164.4 ± 23.8) mmHg,P ＜ 0.05],and respiratory rate was lower in the NPPV group at the same time.Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were lower in the NPPV group at 24 h and 3 days.At 3 days in the NPPV group PaCO2 was lower,and left ventricular ejection fraction was improved.But the treatment of traditional oxygen leaded to a higher incidence of pulmonary atelectasis,and more longer hospitalization time.Conclusion In the early stage after extubation,prophylactic de-escalation therapy of NPPV for patients following operation of stanford type A aortic dissection,may quickly improve PaO2/FiO2,and increase the function of heart,avoid atelectasis.Furthermore,hospital stay was eventually shortened in NPPV group.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of vitrectomy for open globe injuries with intraocular foreign bodies in 48 hours after injury.Methods Retrospective analysis was used to evaluate the patients with open globe injuries (OGIs) accompanied by intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) who underwent vitrectomy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) within 48 hours during the period from January 1,2009 to March 1,2015 in our hospital.Results Among the 56 eyes,16 eyes with intraocular foreign bodies occurred endophthalmitis,while the other 40 eyes did not;the intraocular foreign bodies removal rate was 100％.Among all the patient eyes,52 eyes were saved after surgery,while 4 eyes failed.The pars plana vitrectomy operation ratio of the intraocular foreign bodies patients with endophthalmitis and operated within 24 to 48 hours was 2.09 times than that within 24 hours.There was no significant difference in terms of eye preservation,one time of retinal reposition and abnormal intraocular pressure no matter the PPV surgery was conducted within 24 hours or 24 to 48 hours after injury.Conclusion Early vitrectomy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of open globe injuries with intraocular foreign bodies.

Objective To investigate the current situation of iodine deficiency disorders and the effect of control measures in Sanmenxia city of Henan province, and to formulate targeted control measures for iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In 2008, five villages(offices) were selected according to the east, west, south,north and center position in each county in 6 counties(cities, districts) of Lingbao, Shan, Hubin, Yima, Mianchi,and Lushi in Sanmenxia city. One primary school was selected in each village(office), fifty students aged 8 - 10 in each primary school were randomly selected to check thyroid and their urine and edible salt were collected to detect iodine. Thirty 5th-grade students in each school were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of health education about iodine deficiency disorders. According to the east, west, south, north and center position, five potable water samples were selected to detect iodine in the village where the primary school was in. Questionnaire survey was also carried out among ten housewives in the village. Thyroid was examined by palpation;ammonium persulfate digestion-arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006) was used to detect urinary iodine;direct titration(GB/T 13025-1999 ) was used to detect salt iodine;arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (GB/T 5750.5-2006) was used to detect water iodine. Results One thousand and five hundreds children aged 8 - 10 were analyzed in 6 counties(cities, districts), the rate of goiter was 3.30%(50/1500), the median of urinary iodine was 273.15 μg/L. One thousand and five hundreds salt samples were detected, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.93% (1499/1500), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.00% (1469/1499), the edible rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.93% (1469/1500), the coverage rate of non-iodized salt was 0.07% (1/1500), the median of salt iodine was 28.9 mg/kg. One hundred and fifty water samples were collected, the median of water iodine was 2.76 μg/L. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about iodine deficiency disorders was 97.11% (874/900) in students and 98.67% (296/300) in housewives, respectively. Conclusions The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved significant results and the monitoring indicators have reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders in Sanmenxia city.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo explore the occurrence and development of nasal polyps by studying the interleukin 17 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression level in nasal polyp tissues.METHODSNasal polyps in 30 patients with chronic sinusitis (with polyps), ethmoid sinus mucosa in 30 patients with chronic sinusitis (without polyps), inferior turbinate mucosa in 10 patients with nasal septum deviation were collected intraoperatively. IL-17 and VEGF expression were detected using immunohistochemistry SP testing, and correlation between them was analysed. RESULTS1. The expression of IL-17 and VEGF in nasal polyps group is significantly higher than that of the other two groups.There was significant difference between each two groups statistically (P<0.01). 2. The expression of IL-17 was positively correlated with VEGF expression in nasal polyps.CONCLUSION1. The expression of IL-17 and VEGF increased in nasal polyp tissues. 2. The expression of IL-17 and VEGFwas positively correlated in nasal polyps , and both of them take part in the occurrence and development of nasal polyps.

AlM:To explore the primary culture conditions for four kinds of lens epithelial cells ( LECs) of rat, rabbit, dog, and human, and measure their growth characteristics.METHODS:The lens capsule or anterior capsular tissue of rat, rabbit, dog and patient were removed by different methods, and they were cut into tiny pieces for primary culture by modified tissue adherent method. The morphological features of four kinds of LECs were observed under an inverted microscope.RESULTS: Four kinds of LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human could be cultured primarily by tissue adherent method. With the evolution of tissue source, the adherent capacity of LECs gradually strengthened, cells form were changed from irregular polygon to oval, nucleus rounded and cytoplasm enriched gradually. Four kinds of LECs had fibrotic changes after several passages.CONCLUSlON: LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human can be primarily cultured. This method lays the foundation for the mechanism research of caratact and related fields on the cellular and molecular levels.

Ultrasonic thrombus ablation is a newly-developed technology for percutaneous arterial recanalization. An ultrasound angioplasty device is described here in detail. The device has an adjustable power output range and distal tip longitudinal displacement range. Experimental data suggest that this ultrasound device is significantly effective in ablating fresh thrombi.
Catheter Ablation ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Expert Systems ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Vibration

Objective To investigate the effect of progressive neurological deterioration ( PND) of cerebral watershed infarction on early prognosis. Methods The consecutive patients with cerebral watershed infarction admitted in the Department of Neurology,Jinling Hospital,Nanjing University School of Medicine and their cerebral watershed infarctions confirmed by the imaging examination from March 2009 to March 2014 were enrolled. The clinical features, laboratory indicators and imaging features of internal watershed infarction,cortical-type watershed infarction,and mixed watershed infarction were identified and analyzed. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was used to score neurological deficit. The modified Rankin scale ( mRS) was used to score the prognosis of patients. Single factor analysis was used to compare the differences between the groups. At the same time,the correlation between PND and poor prognosis of cerebral watershed infarction at day 90 was analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 89 patients with cerebral watershed infarction were enrolled,including 43 cortical-type watershed infarctions,36 internal watershed infarctions, and 10 mixed watershed infarctions. Single factor analysis indicated that the incidences of PND of internal watershed infarction and mixed watershed infarction were significantly higher than the cortical-type watershed infarction (36. 1% [n=13],50. 0% [n=5], and 16. 3% [n=7],respectively;P=0. 018). At day 90,28 patients had poor prognosis,and mRS was (3.4±1. 0) scores at day 90. There was significant difference in the types of infarction between the patients with poor prognosis and patients with good prognosis (P<0. 05). In patients with poor prognosis, most of them were internal watershed infarctions,accounting for 50. 0% (14/28),while in patients with good prognosis,most of them were cortical-type watershed infarctions(57. 4% [35/61]). The incidence of PND in patients with poor prognosis was significantly higher than that in patients with good prognosis (57.1% [16/28] vs. 14. 8% [9/61];P<0. 05). The result of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factor, PND was independently associated with the poor prognosis of cerebral watershed infarction at day 90 (OR 6. 969,95%CI 2. 451-19. 869;P<0. 01). Conclusion Compared with the cortical-type watershed infarction, the patients with internal watershed infarction is more prone to have PND, and PND is independently correlate with the poor prognosis at day 90.

Objective To investigate the expression of Notch 1 receptor in renal tissues of patients with hepatitis B virus associated-glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) and its role in the pathogenesis of HBV-GN.Methods A total of 48 patients with HBV-GN confirmed by renal biopsy during 2008-2010 were enrolled in the study.Distribution of Notch1 receptor in renal tissue of HBV-GN was detected by immunohistochemistry and the association between the distribution of Notch1 receptor and HBsAg was examined by double-label immunofluorescence assays.Correlations of Notch1 receptor expression with renal pathology and clinical parameters of HBV-GN were analyzed.Results Notch1 receptor distributed mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial area as brownish red granules,and a few expression in glomerulus was also found.The positive score of Notch1 receptor expression in HBV-GN patients was significantly higher as compared to primary glomerulonephritis patients with serum HBsAg positive or negative and normal renal tissue controls.Notch1 receptor expression was more obvious in membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and mesangial proliferative nephritis (MsPGN) patients,but there was no significant difference among the different pathology groups.Distribution of Notch1 receptor was consistent with the distribution of HBsAg and its intensity was positively correlated with renal interstitial fibrosis (r=0.473,P=0.001),tubular atrophy (r=0.690,P=0.000),inflammatory cell infiltration (r=0.616,P=0.000).Negative correlation was found between renal function and the intensity of Notch1 receptor (r=-0.393,P=0.006).Conclusions Notch1 receptor expression increases in the renal tissues of HBV-GN patients and distributes mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitium,which is consistent with the distribution of HBsAg.Its intensity is closely correlated with renal interstitial lesions and renal function.Abnormal expression of Notchl receptor in renal tissue of HBV-GN may be involved in the progress of HBV-GN.