Primary hypophysitis includes 3 subtypes:lymphocytic,granulomatous and xanthomatous hypophysitis. The primary hypophysitis has a low morbidity and the final diagnosis is mostly determined based on the pathological findings after operation.Now it is considered as an organ specific autoimmune disease.Its clinical manifestations and imaging features are similar to hypophyseal tumor,but the endocrine and pathologic features are different.Glucocortieoid pulse therapy and surgery are the two methods of treatment.

Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; blood ; complications ; Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; Osteomalacia ; blood ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; Phosphates ; blood

Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary

?-cell tumor is the most common functional neoplasm in islets.The localization of the tumor remains difficult in clinical practice.The application of various diagnostic imaging techniques are reviewed.

The failure of pancreatic islet beta cells and insulin resistance are the main mechanism of the occurrence and development of diabetes. The current anti-diabetic drugs, which do not focus on the key pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, can only eliminate or alleviate the symptoms, delay the progression of the disease, but can not cure the disease fundamentally. Stem cells, which have unique biological characteristics, extremely strong self-renewal ability, multi direction differentiation potential, and secretion of a variety of cytokines, have become a star in the diabetes treatment. Basic researches showed that stem cells may ameliorate hyperglycemia persistently and stably by improving the function of islet beta cells and increasing insulin sensitivity of peripheral target tissue. Some small-sample clinical trials have demonstrated its effectiveness and safety, while prospective largesample, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials may provide more evidence on its efficacy and safety, and pave the way for the clinical use of stem cell therapy for diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To study the occlusion characteristics of the young subjects with bruxism before and after treatment by elastic occlusal splint. Methods:10 patients with bruxism and aged 22-27 years(n=10) were treated by elastic occlusal splint, before and 6 months after treatment they were examined by T-Scan occlusion detector. The occlusion time( OT) , disclusion time( DT) , oc-clusion force( OF) , the perentage of occlusion force( POF) , the changes of the position of center occlusal force( COF) and the asym-metry index of occlusion force(AOF) were observed and compared with those of the healthy controls(n=10). Results: ① In the case group there was significant difference in the OT and DT between left and right anterior teeth before treatment (P<0. 05), but not after treatment (P>0. 05). There was significant difference in the momevent of COF of left and right side, the POF of right side and the AOF between the 2 groups before treatment, but not after the treatment(P>0. 05). ② In the case group after treatment the OT and DT of left and right anterior teeth were shortened(P<0. 05). The POF of right side and the AOF were significantly improved. In the case group DT, OF center excursion, the left POF and the AOF showed no significant difference before and after treatment( P>0. 05). Conclusion:The occlusal factors such as early contact, lateral teeth synthetic interference, occlusal force center excursion have close relationship with bruxism. Elastic occlusal splint can effectively correct muscle dysfunction and make occlusal relationship more coordinated and stable, and therefore is effective in the treatment of bruxism.

Objective To study the accuracy and the clinical significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.Methods A total of 90 patients with StageⅡorⅢbreast cancer and negative axillary node after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in the study.Mapping proce- dure and SLNB were performed using methylene blue injected at the site of the primary breast cancer,followed by the axillary lymph node dissection.Results The sentinel lymph node(SLN)was successfully identified in 82 out of 90 patients(91.1%).The number of sentinel harvested nodes ranged from 1 to 4(average 1.6).The accuracy of SLNB to predict the axillary lymph node status was 93.9 %(77/82),the sensitivity,positive predictive value,nega- tive predictive value and false negative rate were 87.5 %(40/45),100 %,88.1% and 11.1%(5/45),respectively. The SLN identification rate tended to be higher and false negative rate tended to be lower in patients with T2 prima- ry tumor before neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion Our study indicated that SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with StageⅡorⅢbreast cancer had a similar effect as SLNB in non-neoadjuvant studies. SLNB was considered to be able to accurately predict the axillary lymph node status in patients with T2 primary tu- mor before neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

In this paper, five different methods were carried out for DNA extraction directly from soil. The result shows that all five methods could generate DNA with more than 15 kb in size. They were subsequently used as templates for PCR amplification with success, using primers of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and Shiva-1 gene encoding an antibacterial peptide. However, method 5 is more suitable for DNA extraction directly from a small amount of soil sample as it produced a good yield of DNA in high integrity with reliable reproducibility.

Objective To construct PPAR?and PPAR?response element (PPRE)-controlled luciferase expression vectors,and to determine whether the traditional Chinese medicine emodin activates PPAR?and improves the glucose uptake by HepG2 hepatocytes.Methods (1) PPAR?and PPRE luciferase expression vectors were constructed and were applied to screen more than 20 ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine. (2) HepG2 cells were incubated with emodin which can activate PPAR?and PPRE luciferase activity,and the PPAR?mRNA expression level was evaluated by RT-PCR/Southern blot.(3) PPAR?and glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) proteins were determined by Western blot analysis in HepG2 cells treated with emodin.(4) The glucose uptake rate was measured using 2-deoxy-[~3H]-D-glucose in HepG2 cells after treatment with emodin.Results (1) Emodin stimulated luciferase activity controlled by PPRE in dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.04 to 180?mol/L in COS-7 cells.The highest value was about 4 folds of control in the cells treated with 90?mol/L emodin (P

Objective To analyse the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test(HDDST)-related differences in the clinical and biochemical features of the patients with Cushing's disease Methods Cases were drawn from 60 consecutive patients with Cushing's disease,who were then divided into two groups according to the response to the HDDST.The clinical and biochemical features between two groups were compared.Results(1) Of the 60 patients with Cushing's disease,23.3%(14/60)of patients(group A)did not yield results of suppression with the HDDST,and the others(group B)did.No difference was found in the age[(33.8?10.4 vs 36.2?11.2)years]and duration of illness[(2.1?1.6 vs 3.9?3.1)years]between two groups.(2)In clinical features,the patients in group A were more likely to have edema of lower limbs(64.3% vs 32.6%),hypokalemia (71.4% vs 28.3%),secondary diabetes(57.1% vs 26.1%)and purple striae(85.7% vs 54.3%,all P