Adenovirus Infections, Human ; pathology ; virology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; pathology ; virology ; HIV Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis B ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis C ; pathology ; virology ; Herpes Zoster ; pathology ; virology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; virology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; virology ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; pathology ; virology ; Parvoviridae Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; isolation & purification

Administration, Oral ; Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Child ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Ofloxacin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Objective Hepatic artery (HA) reconstruction is one challenging procedure in pediatric liver transplantation (PLT).Here we review the first 115 microsurgical reconstructions of HA in PLT performed by a single surgeon,aiming to demonstrate the learning curve and the problems encountered.Methods From July 2016 to January 2017,a series of 115 microsurgical reconstructions of HA in PLT for end-stage liver disease were finished by one single surgeon with 4-year liver surgery experience and 2-week microsurgical training.HA reconstruction was performed with an operating microscope (Carl-Zeiss S88).Reconstruction was completed with interrupted sutures with 8-0 or 9-0 Prolene using the double clip for fixation.The blood flow was examined by Doppler scan daily after PLTs in first week and then once in 2nd week and first month for patency.A total of 143 artery anastomoses were performed in 115 PLTs.The age ranged from 3 months to 9 years.Indications for PLT included biliary atresia (105/115),Alagille syndrome (5/115),PFIC (3/115),Caroli disease (1/115),methylmalonicacidemia (1/115) and glycogen storage disease (1/115).Most of the PLTs were living donor liver transplantation (107/115),along with OLT (5/115) and split LT (3/115).Results The diameter of the arteries was mostly less than 2 mm (98/115).Up to date,one HA thrombosis (HAT) occurred at D8 after LT and 4 cases suspected as temporal HA stenosis (HAS) around 2 weeks after LT,which manifested as low velocity (<20 cm/s) and resistance index (<0.50) by Doppler.The HAT case failed in emergent re-anastomosis,but had a spontaneous recanalization at 3 weeks and is now in good condition without biliary problem.All the HAS children recovered to normal flows at first month.All children with HA complications started warfarin upon detection,with a targeted INR between 1.5-2.0.There were 6 deaths in this series including 5 cases of infections and 1 case of graft failure.Learning curve suggested a two phases growth (first 44 cases practicing phase vs.next 71 cases mature phase),which can be attributed to experience accumulation in terms of precise of manipulation,choice of inflow arteries for better match and stronger pulsation,avoidance of length redundant,prevention of kink.All the HAT and HASs happened in practicing phase while outcomes were excellent in mature phase.Moreover,time for each anastomosis was significantly shortened in second phase from 45-70 min to 30-55 min.Conclusion Microsurgical technique is highly safe in pediatric HA reconstruction,especially for very tiny arteries.It is possible to achieve low risk of complications for a new surgeon with adequate experience in liver surgery and microsurgical training.However,more surveillance and timing anticoagulation therapy is required before the mature of microsurgical technique.

Objective To compare the diversity of mitochondrial genomes of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the mainland of China. Methods According to the population genetic of A. cantonensis,seven female worms were selected to characterize the mi-tochondrial(MT)genomes. Twelve primer pairs based on known MT genome(GQ398121)were used for PCR. The target frag-ments were sequenced and aligned. The gene localization,genome structure,composition of nucleotide,distribution of variable sites,and phylogeny were analyzed by employing multiple softwares. Results Five distinct types were identified from seven com-plete MT genomes. They were similar in size and structure,i.e.,ranging 13 491-13 502 bp,including 12 protein-coding genes,2 ribosomal genes,22 tRNA genes,and 2 major non-coding regions. All the genes were localized at the same strand and had the same transcription direction. A total of 745 variable sites were identified,accounting for 5.5%. Among the variable sites,59 were deletion/insert mutations,105 transversions,and 581 transitions. The variable sites distributed evenly at the complete genome. Conclusion The study reveals the mutation profile in the whole MT genome of A. cantonensis and thus will facilitate the develop-ment of intraspecific differential diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of putative periodontopathogenic bacteria on the development of drug-induced gingival overgrowth (GO) in renal transplant recipients.

METHODSA total of 57 patients undergoing cyclosporine treatment were divided into two groups according to GO index: with gingival overgrowth (group A) and without gingival overgrowth (group B). Demographic, pharmacologic and periodontal data were analyzed. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to detect and quantify five putative periodontopathogenic bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Treponema denticola (Td) and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) in subgingival samples. Moreover, the relationship between the bacterial amount and the severity of GO was analyzed.

RESULTSGroup A presented a significantly higher plaque index, sulcus bleeding index and probing depth than group B (P < 0.01). The occurrences of Pg, Td, and Tf in the group A (96%, 82% and 89%) were significantly increased compared with those in the group B (69%, 55% and 66%, P < 0. 05), respectively. The prevalence of Pg, Td, and Tf in the group A (79%) was markedly higher than that in the group B (38%, P < 0.01). The bacterial amount of Pg, Td, Tf and Pi were enhanced along with the severity of GO. However, the bacterial amount of Aa had no difference between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSPg, Td, and Tf may have a significant relationship with the development of GO.

Adult ; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; isolation & purification ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Cyclosporine ; adverse effects ; DNA, Bacterial ; Female ; Gingival Overgrowth ; chemically induced ; microbiology ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; isolation & purification ; Prevotella intermedia ; isolation & purification ; Treponema denticola ; isolation & purification

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; secondary ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; secondary ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy differences in early intervention of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods on gastrocnemius fatigue in rats induced by electrical stimulation.

METHODSFifty male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a hand acupuncture group, an electroacupuncture group and a moxibustion group, 10 rats in each group. Electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve was given in the control group and gastrocnemius fatigue test was induced by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in the model group after anesthesia without other treatment, but just take 6 times interval stimulation in the control group. The hand acupuncture group, the electroacupuncture group and the moxibustion group were treated with the corresponding acupoints stimulation method respectively for 20 min before gastrocnemius fatigue test, and Dazhui (GV 14) and Zusanli (ST 36) were selected. Immediately after gastrocnemius fatigue test, three or four gastrocnemius tissues at the same site on the right side were quickly taken for making specimen for transmission electron microscope (TEM). The changes of skeletal muscle ultrastructure of myofibrils, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, glycogen particles were observed under TEM.

RESULTS(1) Muscle fibers disorder, partial mitochondrial vacuolization and glycogen particles smaller were shown in the model group. (2) No abnormalities were shown in the hand acupuncture group and the moxibustion group with mitochondrial morphology and number, which better than that in the model group, and glycogen particles increased. (3) Abnormal changes in morphology were shown in the electroacupuncture group with part of the muscle fibers derangement, Z line malalignment and a few mitochondria vacuolization.

CONCLUSIONHand acupuncture, electroacupuncture and moxibustion have the different effects on ultrastructure of gastrocoemius in rats. Acupuncture and moxibustion have shown good effects on the prevention and treatment of exercise-induced skeletal muscle cell and organelle damage and delaying exercise-induced fatigue.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Glycogen ; metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Moxibustion ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To assess the application value of high time-resolved MR angiography (TR-MRA) in postoperative follow-up study of children with congenital heart diseases. Methods Seventy-three patients (median age 6 years, range 1-20 years) with congenital heart diseases who underwent TR-MRA scan after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-nine cases also were performed conventional contrast-enhanced MRA and forty-four cases were performed phase-contrast MRA. A 3D T1-weighted fast gradient-echo sequence was used for time-resolved three-dimensional MRA (10-20 dynamic data sets, less than three seconds per dynamic data set). The flow dynamics and morphology of pulmonary circulations, lung perfusion and collaterals flow direction were noted. All imaging quality was evaluated by using 5 scales. Left and right pulmonary artery flow volumes were measured and left and right pulmonary artery ratio was noted. SPSS22.0 was used in statistic analysis. The statistical analysis of comparing imaging quality was performed by using paired t-test. The intermodality agreement between TR-MRA and phase contrast in assessing left and right pulmonary perfusion was tested by Kappa coefficient. Results In 73 cases, imaging scores were over 3 and imaging quality was good enough for diagnosis. In 29 cases, there was no statistic difference between TR-MRA and conventional CE-MRA in demonstrating great vessels (P>0.05) except that CE-MRA scores(3.77 ± 0.39)was higher than TR-MRA scores(3.44 ± 0.55)of
inferior vena cava (IVC). There was statistic difference(t=3.68,P=0.01)between two sequences. TR-MRA could qualitatively demonstrate the pulmonary perfusion comparing to the results of PC. In PC sequence, there were 8 cases with symmetric and 36 cases with asymmetric left and right pulmonary perfusion. In TR-MRA sequence, there were 6 cases with symmetric and 38 cases with asymmetric left and right pulmonary perfusion. There was an excellent agreement between PC and TR-MRA (Kappa=0.83,P=0.01). Conclusions TR-MRA not only supplies with high spatial resolution imaging which demonstrates postoperative great arteries anatomy and also with high temporal resolution imaging which can demonstrate the preferential or balanced pulmonary blood flow and collaterals flow direction. TR-MRA is a very important sequence in follow-up study of congenital heart disease.

[ Objective ] To explore the related factors of colorectal polyps. [ Methods ] Participants were divided into polyps group and control group according to colonoscopy.The possible risk factors were investigated by questionnaire.Logistic regression analysis was conducted in order to explore the related factors of colorectal polyps. [ Results] A total of 252 participants (154 in polyps group, 98 in control group) were enrolled in the current study.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that those with higher odds ratio of colorectal polyps were among male ( OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.17 -6.00) and obesity(OR:4.80,95%CI:1.16 -9.94), among those with family history of colorectal polyps ( OR:10.19, 95%CI:1.19-17.26), and those with high proportion of fat intake(OR:3.24, 95%CI:1.46-7.20). [ Conclusion] Male, obesity, family history of colorectal polyps and high proportion of fat intake are the related factors of colorectal polyps. And investigation by related factors questionnaire facilitates the targeted screening of colorectal tumors.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of the Compound of traditional Chinese drugs and Benazepril on gene expression of renal endothelin and its receptor of experimental diabetic nephropathy(DN). To discove the mechanism of the compound of traditional Chinese drugs in treating DN.

METHODStreptozotocin DN model was built and influenced with the compound of traditional Chinese drugs and Benazepril. The changes of Upro, Glu, HbA1C and (PT-PCR) mRNA expression levels of ET-1, ETA-R of the renal cortex were tested, and thus the histopathological character of the kidney was analysed.

RESULTThe compound of traditional Chinese drugs and Benazepril have significant difference from normal saline in the improvement of Upro, Glu, HbA1C. The compound of traditional Chinese drugs have significant difference from Benazepril in the improvement of Glu, HbA1C. The mRNA expression level of ET-1, ETA-R of the renal cortex of DN model was raised. After influenced by the compound of traditional Chinese drugs and Benazepril, the over-expression level de-creased (still higher than normal control ones). The compound of traditional Chinese drugs were more effective than Benazepril to inhibit the proliferation of the stalk region and the third cells.

CONCLUSIONET takes part in the process of diabetic glo-Merulosclerosis. Both the compound of traditional Chinese drugs and Benazepril can influence the expression quantity from the level of gene transcription of ET and its receptor. The compound of traditional Chinese drugs can not only reduce urinary albumin of DN, but also improve blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglubin. And it can inhibit nonenzymatic glucosylation of protein as well as the proliferation of the stalk region and the third cells.

Animals ; Benzazepines ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelin-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Kidney Cortex ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Endothelin A ; biosynthesis ; genetics