China ; Humans ; Tinnitus

Humans ; Mouth Diseases ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Mouth Mucosa ; pathology ; Oral Medicine ; standards ; Reference Standards

China ; epidemiology ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Humans

Adenovirus Infections, Human ; pathology ; virology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; pathology ; virology ; HIV Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis B ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis C ; pathology ; virology ; Herpes Zoster ; pathology ; virology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; virology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; virology ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; pathology ; virology ; Parvoviridae Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the neuropsychological features of different mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes.Methods A neuropsychology battery was applied in this study.Seventy MCI participants were enrolled in the test and classified as:28 amnestic MCI ( aMCI),21 vascular MCI ( V-MCI),and 21 Parkinson' s disease MCI (PD-MCI).Forty six normal old people were also evaluated as control.Results First,there were significant differences in the CAMCOG-C and CAMCOG-C subscales of each MCI subtype compared with the normal control. aMCI patients showed significantly impaired orientation,language expression,recent memory,attention,calculation,abstraction and perception (t =4.580,5.150,3.053,4.070,5.918,2.121,2.952,3.175 ; all P ＜ 0.05).However,the ability of language comprehension,remote memory and execution were relatively reserved.V-MCI patients scored lower in the cognitive function of orientation,language expression,attention and execution compared with the normal control(t =2.974,3.165,4.216,3.197; all P ＜ 0.05),with no significant difference in memory,calculation,abstraction and perception.A boarder cognitive impairment was observed in PD-MCI patients who showed significantly impaired language expression,recent memory,remote memory,learning memory,attention and execution(t =4.433,3.065,3.821,3.447,5.344,0.348 ; all P ＜ 0.05).Second,aMCI (3.07 ± 0.81,11.07 ± 2.28 ) and PD-MCI (3.00 ± 0.89,11.33 ± 1.91 ) patients scored significantly lower in CAMCOG scores and CAMCOG subscales including recent memory and learning memory compared with V-MCI(3.52 ±0.87,12.48 ± 1.83;aMCI vs V-MCI:t =1.868,2.381,PD-MCI vs V-MCI:t =1.921,1.980 ; all P ＜ 0.05 ).The remote memory and execution function in PD-MCI were significantly impaired compared to the other two subtypes(PD-MCI vs aMCI:t =2.498,4.257; PD-MCI vs V-MCI:t =1.684,1.492 ;all P ＜ 0.05 ).Third,the GDS scores were different among the four groups. aMCI grouphad significant higher GDS score compared to the normal control group( t =2.850,P ＜ 0.05 ),while there were no similar changes in V-MCI and PD-MCI groups.Comparing different MCI subtypes with each other,aMCI and V-MCI groups had higher GDS scores than PD-MCI group.Conclusions The features of cognitive impairment in the 3 subtypes are all multiple domains.The characteristic impairment domains are memory in aMCI,executive function in V-MCI,and both memory and executive functions in PD-MCI.aMCI may show greater depression tendency compared to the other two subtypes.The different features in the subtypes of MCI may represent different pathophysiololgical changes in each MCI subtype.

Objective To assess the clinical significance of three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) in the evaluation of left ventricular myocardial function in breast cancer survivors with postoperative anthracycline-based chemotherapy.Methods A total of 51 breast cancer survivors with postoperative anthracycline-based chemotherapy were recruited and 31 female healthy volunteers as the controls.Conventional echocardiography and 3D-STI derived parameters [including global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global area strain (GAS)] were measured before and at 3 and 6 anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic cycles.The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was constructed to determine optimal sensitivity and specificity of 3ID-STI derived parameters for the prediction of future cardiotoxicity.Results In comparison with the controls and baseline cases,GLS and GAS deteriorated significantly (P ＜ 0.05 for both).No statistical difference in GCS and conventional parameters showed before and after the initiation of chemotherapy (P ＜0.05,respectively).The ROC curves showed that GAS as the best 3D-STI predictor of patients who develop cardiotoxicity during the follow-up.The area under ROC(AUC) of GAS was 0.894,and its optimal cut-off value was-28.4％,with a specificity of 88.0％ and a sensitivity of 82.9％.AUC of GLS was 0.802,and its optimal cut-off value was-14.3％,with a specificity of 62.0％ and a sensitivity of 85.4％.Conclusions Early decreases in GAS and GLS based on 3D-STI may allow the prediction of subsequent cardiotoxic development accurately in breast cancer survivors with postoperative anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

Objective To discuss the quantitative diagnosis of stagnation of Qi and blood stasis syndrome in chronic prostatitis. To make diagnosis chart and ensure diagnosis threshold level which provide statistics evidence for syndrome differentiation of TCM. Methods By the statistical ways, 168 cases of chronic prostatitis belong to stagnation of Qi blood and stasis syndrome and 198 cases of non-stagnation of Qi and blood stasis syndrome were investigated. To make a diagnosis chart and ensure diagnosis threshold level by applying the method of the maximum likelihood discriminatory analysis. Results The quantitative diagnosis chart was made and diagnosis threshold level was 26. According to the retrospective and prospective test, its sensitivity, especially degree, coincidence rate, error rate and positive likelihood ratio were 94.64%, 88.89%, 91.53%, 8.47%, 8.52 and 94.28%, 90.32%, 92.42%, 7.58%, 9.74. Conclusion The indexes of the quantitative diagnosis have good objectivity. According to the retrospective and prospective test, the diagnosis chart was proved to be practical.

The research of sleep staging is an important basis of evaluating sleep quality and diagnosing diseases. In order to achieve automatic sleep staging, we proposed a new method which combines with principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) for automatic sleep staging. Firstly, we used PCA to reduce dimension of time-frequency-space domains and nonlinear dynamical characteristics of sleep EEG from 5 subjects to reduce data redundancy. Secondly, we used 1-a-1 SVM to classify sleep stages. The results showed that the correct rate can reach 89.9%, which was better than those of many other similar studies.
Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Principal Component Analysis ; Sleep Stages ; Support Vector Machine

Objective To explore the possibility of hearing protection in acoustic neurinoma (AN) resection and to evaluate the effect of dynamic auditory monitoring and the effect of oto-endoscope for hearing protection. Methods From July 2003 to July 2007, there were a total of 138 cases of AN received surgical treatment. Continuous hearing monitoring was conducted in 18 cases with residual hearing. In these 18 cases, there were 6 males and 12 females, with 12 cases in left side and 6 cases in right. Fifteen cases were solitary AN, 3 cases were diagnosed as neurofibromeatosis Ⅱ. Maximal diameters of the tumor varied between 12 and 33 millimeters with an average of 19. 9 millimeters. All cases were operated on by retrosigmoid approach with routine facial nerve monitoring. Ten cases were assisted by oto- endoscope. Eighteen cases were performed accompanying continuous auditory brainstem response (ABR) and electro-cochleogram (EcochG). The patients were given routine hearing function test 7 to 10 days after operation, and reexamined 6 months to 1 year. The duration of follow-up ranged 6 months to 2. 5 years. Hearing data of the last time was thought as the judging result. Preoperative and postoperative hearing standard refer to (AAO-HNS)classifying. Results In all 18 cases, tumors were rsected completely in 16 cases, but sub-totally removed in 2 cases which were Ⅱ neurofibromeatosis. There was no mortality and no severe complication in this series. All the 18 cases had no facial paralysis before operation, and during operation facial nerves in 18 cases were kept anatomic integrity. According to House-Brackmann grade system, for 18 AN patients 7 days after operation only 50.0% (9/18) were kept at grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ, but 88.9% (16/18) were kept at grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ 6 months after operation. Out of 18 cases, hearing function were preserved in 11 cases (61.1%, 11/18) . After operation, there were 4 cases at hearing grade A, 4 cases at hearing grade B, 2 cases at hearing grade C and 1 cases at heating grade D. In all 18 cases, there were 5 cases with tumor diameter more than 20 millimeters, in which only 2 cases of them preserved hearing function (2/5). However, 9 cases preserved their hearing function in the other 13 cases whose tumors diameter less than 20 millimeters (69. 2% ,9/13). In 10 cases assisted by oto-endoscope, 8 cases obtained hearing protection (80.0% ,8/10)and 2 cases lost hearing. During operative monitoring, when drilling posterior lip of internal auditory canal (IAC), dragging and electric coagulating nearby IAC, especially clamping labyrinthine artery, removing tumor in IAC or electric coagulating arachnoid blood vessel on the top of tumor tissue, the ABR waves were affected greatly. Conclusions For the AN patient with preoperative residual hearing, it was necessary to protect hearing by combining continuous auditory monitoring with oto- endoscope technique. Based on these efforts the patient could preserve applicable hearing after operation. Whether or not arachnoidal on the top of AN remain and the conditions about blood supplying were the main factors that affect postoperative hearing. Moreover trauma of labyrinthine artery was the key to postoperative hearing loss.

OBJECTIVETo explore effectiveness and safety of segmental anterior cervical decompression in treating multi-level cervical myelopathy.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with four levels of cervical myelopathy were treated with segmental anterior cervical decompression (reservation of middle vertebrae, bone graft and plate-screws fixation). Among patients, there were 15 males and 9 females aged from 47 to 75 (averaged 57.9) years old. Preoperative, postoperative at 1 week and the latest following-up AP and lateral X-rays were used to observe bone union, displacement of implant, adjacent segment degeneration, changes of Cobb angle of fusion segment. JOA scoring were applied for evaluate recovery of nerve function.

RESULTSAll operations were completed successfully, 2 cases ocurred hoarseness, and improved after treated symptomatically. Nineteen patients were followed up from 3.1 to 5.3 years with an average of 3.9 years. Bone union time ranged from 3 to 7 (averaged 4.5) months. No screw loosening and displacement occurred. Nine patients occurred titanium mesh subsidence in different degrees, and 4 of them subside >3 mm; four patients ocurred adjacent segment degeneration. Postoperative Cobb angle of fusion segment at 1 week (10.40±2.94)° was improved from preoperative (5.76±4.16)°, but decreased at the latest follow-up (8.57±2.82)°, and had significant meaning compared with preoperative (P<0.01). JOA score at the latest follow-up (14.6±1.1) was higher than that of before operation (8.2±1.9), and had siginificant differences (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSegmental anterior cervical decompression for the treatment of multilevel cervical myelopathy has a high clinical operability, and plays an important role in recovering cervical curvature and nerve function based on completely decompression.

Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery