Objective: To determine the inhibitory effects of maltitol-gum on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces viscosus in dental plaque. Methods: Thirty 13-15 years old children with DMFS>4 were divided into three groups, maltitol chewing gums group(A group), xylitol chewing gum group(B group) and blank gum base group (C group). The plaque samples were collected and colony forming units were counted. Results: The levels of three-species cariogenic pathogens in three groups were statistically down-regulated when compared with the baseline(P<0.001).Moreover, A group and B group resulted in a higher decrease of Streptococcus mutans levels compare with C group(P<0.05). The levels of Lactobacilli and Actinomyces viscosus were not statistically different between groups(P>0.05). Conclusion: Maltitol-gum can lead to a significant suppression on Streptococcus mutans levels in dental plaque,while the inhibitory effect of the maltitol-gum on Lactobacilli, Actinomyces viscosus is not obvious.

Tricholoma giganteum is a famous species product of Jishou in the wes t of Hunan.It have not only special biological characteristics such as formatio n and ecological enviromment,but also delicious,fragrant with abundant nutrien t.It's mycelium can be isolated and growing well in medium,but its fruiting bo dy is difficult to be formed.

Objective To observe the protective effect of Erigeron Breviscapus(Vant.)Hand-Mazz(EBHM) on retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) and optic nerve in rabbits with elevated intraocular pressure(IOP). Methods Twenty rabbits with chronic elevated IOP were divided into two groups randomly: EBHM treated group(the ocular hypertension with EBHM treated subgroup and the normal IOP with EBHM treated subgroup) and untreated group(the simple ocular hypertension subgroup and the simple normal IOP subgroup). EBHM was irrigated into the stomachs to the treated group after IOP elevated continuously for 7 d.For light and electron microscopy studies,the rabbits' eyes were made into eyeball samples and optic nerve samples after 60 d.The density of RGCs,thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL),and optic nerve axons were observed and quantitated by computer image analysis system.The ultra-microstructure changes of RGCs and optic nerve axons were observed by electron microscope.Results(①The RNFL) thickness,RGCs density and number of axons of the two ocular hypertension subgroups were decreased,compared with those of the two normal IOP subgroups(P

This paper introduces a data warehouse model for outpatient payments, which is designed according to the requirements of the hospital financial management while dimensional modeling technique is combined with the analysis on the requirements. This data warehouse model can not only improve the accuracy of financial management requirements, but also greatly increase the efficiency and quality of the hospital management.
Ambulatory Care ; economics ; Databases, Factual ; Efficiency, Organizational ; Financial Management, Hospital

Objective: To investigate the killing activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells after incubation with autologous tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cells (Ag-DC) and to evaluate the immune functions of patients, the clinical efficacy and side effect of Ag-DC in combination with CIK on hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 24 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 to produce dendritic cells (DCs). The DCs were pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysate. T lymphocytes from PBMC were cultured with interferon-Y (IFN-γ), IL-2, CD3-moAb, and IL-1α to prepare CIK. The killing effect of CIK on SMMC-7721 was investigated after CIK was incubated with Ag-DC. After immunotherapy with Ag-DC and CIK, immunolog-ic and clinical responses of the 24 patients were evaluated. Results: The killing effect of CIK was remarkably improved after CIK was incubated with Ag-DC. The immunotherapy with DC and CIK alleviated symptoms and improved the immune functions of the patients. Except for transient fever and chill, no remarkable adverse events were observed. Conclusion: Ag-DC in combination with CIK shows short-term efficacy on hepatocellular carcinoma through inducing specific anti-tumor immunity and can be an effective adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of intermittent patient-initiated single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis and continuous antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in postmenopausal women. MethodsA randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection. Single dose of antibiotic was given every night in continuous antibiotic prophylaxis group and every time after exposure to conditions predisposed to UTI in intermittent antibiotic prophylaxis group. The duration of prevention was 12 months in both groups. ResultsThe effective rates of intermittent antibiotic prophylaxis and continuous antibiotic prophylaxis were 71.0% and 81.8% respectively (P＞0.05). The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reaction in intermittent antibiotic prophylaxis group was significantly lower than that in continuous antibiotic prophylaxis group (7.7% vs 28.6%,P＜0.05). ConclusionsCompared with continuous antibiotic prophylaxis, intermittent patient-initiated single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is a better prophylaxis with less gastrointestinal adverse reactions for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women.

Background and purpose: Because of the aggressive nature of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the absence of effective adjuvant therapy, surgical radical resection offers hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients the only choice. Research focus include preoperative assessment, the use of preoperative biliary drainage, the range of hepatic resection, and the range of lymphadenectomy. To investigate the clinical experience and efifcacy of combined hepatectomy in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Two hundred and seven patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma treated surgically in the First Afifliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University form Jan. 2007 to Oct. 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Of the 207 patients, 125 patients who received radical resection (R0 resection) and the curative resection rate was 60.4%. One hundred and iffty-six cases were treated in combined hepatectomy group, 51 cases in non-hepatectomy group, the rate of R0 resection was 70.5%in hepatectomy group and 29.4%in non-hepatectomy group, and the difference was signiifcant (P<0.01). Two patients died perioperatively, the main postoperative complications included hepatic function insufifciency and bile leakage. One hundred and seventy-two patients were followed up, the median survival time of the 102 patients who received R0 resection was 45 months, and the 1, 3, 5 year survival rates were 96.1%, 59.1%and 17.2%. The median survival time of the 70 patients who received R1-2 resection was 26 months, and the 1, 3 year survival rates were 81.3%and 19.2%, and none of the patient survived for over 5 years. The survival rate of patients who received R0 resection was signiifcantly higher than those who received R1-2 resection (χ2=39.121, P<0.01). In the hepatectomy group was awarded the R0 resection in patients with postoperative 1, 3, 5 year survival rate was 97.8%, 63.9% and 18.0%, in non-hepatectomy group received R0 resection in patients with postoperative 1, 3, 5 year survival rate was 83.3%, 20.8%and 8.3%. There were signiifcant differences in the postoperative survival rate between both group (χ2=5.988, P=0.014). Conclusion:Radical excision is the key to improve the long term survival. Combined hemihepatectomy and standardized lymph node resection has signiifcantly improved the radical resection rate and the efifcacy of treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Aurantii Fructus is the dried and immature fruit of Citrus aurantium and its cultivars. To investigate the chemical constituents of Aurantii Fructus, the separation and purification of constituents were performed by column chromatography on silica gel LH-20, HW-40, ODS, PHPLC and PTLC. Fourteen flavonoids, including four flavone glycosides and ten polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction and Petroleum ether fraction of Aurantii Fructus and their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data (NMR and MS) as (2R) -and (2S)-6"-O-acetylprunin (1,2), naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranside (3), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8,3'-dimethoxyflavone-3-O-6"-(3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), 4'-hydroxy-5,6, 7-trimethoxyflavone (5), natsudaidain (6), nobiletin (7), sinensetin (8), 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (9), 5,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (10), 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (11), tangeretin (12), 5-demethyl nobiletin (13), and 5-hydroxy-6,7,3', 4'-tetramethoxyflavone (14). Compound 3-5 s were isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 1 was a new one.
Citrus ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure

Objective To discuss the significance of serum IgE before and after inhale glucocorticoid treat-ment of children's asthma. Methods 520 children with asthma were seleceted from the outpatient. Different type of fluticasone propionate were given to different age groups: Aerosol type by a spacer in less than 5 years old,and in-halant (Seretide) 5 years and the above. The dosage was between 200 μg/day to 375 μg/day. IgE was tested before and 3 months after the treatment. Results Serum IgE decreased significantly in 3 months treatment [ from (496.12±24.75) kU/L to (390.71±18.71) kU/L] (t=7.337,P<0.01). The change of IgE was related to clinical effect and age. The level increased in those less than 3 years [(307.05±34.71)kU/L vs (483.09±41.78) kU/L] (t=2.963,P=0.004),but decreased between 4 to 5 years old group [(543.46±51.03) kU/L vs (316.93±29.30) kU/L] (t=3.368,P=0.000) ,and decreased between 6 to 14 years old group[ (586.30±37.19)kU/L vs (387.61±27.60) kU/L] (t=4.827,P=0.000). In fluticasone group IgE level changed from (468.91±32.81) kU/L to (359.03±22.79) kU/L after treatment (t=5.988,P<0.01),which decreased from (586.30±37.19) kU/L to (387.6±27.60) kU/L in Salmeterol group (t=4.827,P<0.01). In 260 cases of IgE below 300 kU/L 109 cases (41.92%,109/260) increased while in 260 cases of IgE above 300 kU/L,total IgE lev-el increased in 45 cases (16.15% ,45/260) after treatment,with statistical significance(χ<'2>=37.789,P=0.000). Conclusion Inhale glucocorticoid can make the level of IgE decreased.

Condition optimization for immobilization of Fungal laccase with Nylon Net and glutaraldehyde and the nature of the immobilized enzyme were studied. The optimum conditions of the immobilization are: Nylon Net is crosslinked with 5% glutaraldehyde 15mL for 6 hours; the 30U laccase is added for immobilization for 8 hours. On this case, the recovery of enzyme activity was 50.3%. Compared with free enzyme, the thermal stability of immobilized enzyme was improved evidently but the optimal pH decreased slightly. 52% enzyme activity of immobilized laccase was hold after 8 cycles treatment with low concentration pulp wastewater.