The main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of astragaloside IV, calycosin separately glucoside, formononetin on oxidative stress in Chang Liver cells induced by H2O2. In the experiments, Chang Liver cells (a kind of normal human hepatocytes) were used as the research object, bifendate which has a clear hepatoprotective effect was used as the positive control drug, then the oxidative damage model of Chang Liver cells were established by H2O2. Cells were divided into six groups: blank control group, oxidative stress group, astragaloside IV group, calycosin separately glucoside group, formononetin group and positive control group. Then endogenous antioxidant system related indexes were detected by micro plate and colorimetric method; intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe; and the expressions of CYP2E1 were evaluated by liver microsomes, mRNA, and protein, respectively with spectrophotometry, Real-time PCR method, and Western blot technique. Results showed that H2O2 decreased antioxidant activity, and increased ROS level and expression of CYP2E1. The above oxidative stress status had been changed with protections of the three components of Astragalus membranaceus (compared with oxidative stress group, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), which taken as a whole had equivalent effects as the drug of positive control group( bifendate). Taken together, three Astragalus membranaceus ingredients all had significant or extremely significant inhibiting effects on oxidative damaged Chang Liver cells which were induced by H2O2, and the oxidative damage of Chang Liver cells had been relieved.
Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Liver ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells derived from bone marrows, which can not only support hematopoiesis, but also have capabilities of multidifferentiation, high-proliferation and self-renewing. They have become one of hotspots in stem cell studies. Studies on in vitro intervention with BMSCs with TCMs have made remarkable progress in recent years. According to the findings, some traditional Chinese medicines can promote proliferation of BMSCs, some can inhibit the apoptosis of BMSCs, while others can induce BMSCs to differentiate into multiple cell types, such as osteoblast. Furthermore, some studies also involved relevant action mechanisms. The authors summarized the advance in relevant studies by reference to relevant literatures of this field.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

This paper reviewed the emergence process of the subject and methodology of Chinese Medicines' Authentication. Based on the research progress and major achievements acquired in research of each methodology including identification of origin, description, microscopic, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Chinese medicines, it is expounded that the development process of each methodology combined modem digital technology, information science and its own characteristics. And the development direction is further described for methodology of Chinese Medicines' Authentication towards systematization and informationization.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; history ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; history ; pharmacology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Quality Control

Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; pathology ; Humans ; Mandible ; Root Canal Therapy

BACKGROUND:Endothelial progenitor cells are recruited into local vascular injury under the injury-induced stimulation, and then differentiate into mature endothelial cells that are thereby involved in angiogenesis and endothelial repair. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether endothelial progenitor cells can al eviate renal injury and improve renal function of ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) rats. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples extracted from Sprague-Dawley rats were used to isolate and culture endothelial progenitor cells using density gradient centrifugation. Twenty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to three groups:I/R group, normal control group, and endothelial progenitor cells group. In the I/R and endothelial progenitor cells groups, the right kidney was removed and the renal artery and vein of the left kidney were occluded for 40 minutes to establish I/R models in the rats, and then endothelial progenitor cells (5×109/L, total y 1 mL) or solvent was transplanted via the artery of the left kidney into the left kidney. In the normal control group, the experimental procedure was same as that in the I/R group except for occlusion of the artery and vein of the left kidney. Renal and blood samples from three groups were col ected at day 1 after operation. Peripheral blood CD34 and vascular endoethelial growth factor receptor 2 expressions were determined using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence methods, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were tested, and immunohistochemistry observation was used for CD34 observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal control group, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were significantly increased, and tubulointerstitial CD34 expression was decreased in the I/R group (P<0.05). Endothelial progenitor cells treatment largely decreased the levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, and increased CD34 expression (P<0.05). These findings indicate that transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells contributes to renal protection in I/R rats.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinic presentation,imaging characteristics and surgical management of the external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) with invasion of the tympaniccavity and the mastoid. METHODS This was a retrospective study including the clinical data of 14 cases of EACC invading tympanic cavity and mastoid from 1998 to 2003 . RESULTS All 14 cases showed different bone erosion in the four walls of external auditory canal with extention to the mastoid . Pars flaccida perforation were found in 4 cases with invasion of the cholesteatoma into the tympanic cavity, the ossicular chains were compressed or destroyed. The bony mastoid segment of facial canal was destroyed in 3 cases . Cerebral plate destruction and congenital stenosis of external auditory canal were found in one case respectively. According to the extent of disease, modified radical mastoidectomy was performed in 8 cases and radical mastoidectomy in 5 cases , meatoplasty in one case. The post-operative hearing of 10 cases with intact ossicula chains were normal.One case with compression,shift of ossicules also got normal audition after the operation. The hearing threshold of the air condition in 3 cases with ossicular disruptions got 15 to 20dB of improvement among the language frequency after reconstruction of ossicular chain. The 14 cases were followed-up from 18 months to 5 years and no recurrences were found. CONCLUSION The exact etiology of EACC still remains unclear. There is some difficulty in diagnosing external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) invading the tympanic cavity and the mastoid because of its untypical clinic presentation . High-resolution temporal bone CT scan could help to find out the primary lesion and determine the range of the pathological changes, and choose the proper surgical approach.

Objective To evaluate the CT findings and classification of the Le Fort fracture. Methods Sixty-two cases with Le Fort fractures were studied with thin-slice high-resolution CT scanning and analyzed with three-dimensional(3D)imaging reconstruction.Results Of the 62 patients,10 had Le Fort type Ⅰ fracture,9 had Le Fort type Ⅱ fracture,8 had Le Fort type Ⅲ fracture,and 35 had various combinations of the three types of Le Fort fractures,including 18 Le Fort Ⅰ+Ⅱ fracture,7 Le Fort Ⅰ+ Ⅱ+Ⅲ fracture and 10 Le Fort Ⅱ+Ⅲ fracture.Fifty-five cases had associated multiple fractures in the maxillofacial region.On 2D CT images,Le Fort fracture manifested as multiple and complex fractures. Though 2D image was better than 3D image in accurately defining tiny fractures and fractures of deep structures,the diagnosis of Le Fort fracture could not be correctly made solely on 2D image.3D CT clearly and stereoscopically demonstrated the entire shape and orientation of Le Fort fracture,thus facilitating the correct classification of Le Fort fracture.Conclusion 3D CT image is important in providing information about the space relationship of Le Fort fracture,thus very valuable for the preoperative planning.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of astragaloside IV on oxidative damages of Chang Liver cells induced by ethanol and H2O2.

METHODThe alcoholic and nonalcoholic oxidative damage models were established on Chang Liver cells with ethanol and H2O2, respectively. The cells viabilities were detected by MTT assay, transaminase activity and antioxidant ability were detected by micro plate and colorimetric method, reactive oxide species (ROS) was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe and cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. DNA ladder method was used to detect apoptosis.

RESULTBoth kinds of oxidative damage could decrease the viability and antioxidant enzyme activity of Chang Liver cells, and increase the transaminase activity and MDA content of extracellular fluid. The protective effects of astragaloside IV against those two kinds of oxidative damages were significant or extremely significant. Meanwhile, ethanol could decline the level of ROS significantly in the damaged cells, while H2O2 could increase it significantly. And the effect of astragaloside IV was to make ROS return to the normal level. Retardation of cell cycle progression of Chang Liver cells in G0/G1 induced by ethanol or H2O2 was relieved, and apoptosis was also inhibited.

CONCLUSIONAstragaloside IV had protective effect on oxidative damages of Chang Liver cells induced by ethanol and H2O2.

Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the pathological changes by CT scan on localized thermochemotherapy dur- ing and after the operation of human gliomas.Methods Retrospective analysis was given to the CT scan of 37 pa- tients receiving thermochemotherapy during and after the operation,and the relation of the tumorous cells and mi- crovessels and CT density by EM were analyzed.Changes of tumorous cells and microvessels after localized ther- mochemotherapy on C_6 gliomas in rat were analyzed.Results When the tumor was low dense on CT pattern,less cellular number with increasing the amount of fluid between the cells was demonstrated pathologically.On EM,a lower cellular electron density was observed.The amount of fluid in cytoplasm was increased,the cytoplasm was porous,swelling denaturation was chiefly seen in organelle.If the tumor had mixed density on CT,cellular number was more,the amount of fluid was less.On EM,cellular electron density increased correspondingly,the fluid in cyto- plasm decreased,organdie was aggregated.After thermochemotherapy,the tumor reduced,liquefied,and vanished by CT scan.It could be observed that the tumorous cell become smaller,concentrated and cataclased,finally formed apoprotic bodies and separated from the cell in C_6 gliomas in EM.The tumorous vessels was less,smaller and thinker. Some vessels only could see the base membrane and no endothelioid cells.Conclusion The remaining tumors is van- ished by CT scan.The mechanisms of tumors disappearance proposes to explain that thermochemotherapy can dam- age C_6 glioma cells and microvessels,decrease microvessels density and induce tumor ceils apoptosis.That inhibits tu- morous angiogenesis and proliferation.

Objective:To explore the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)with respect to the bal- ance of Th1/Th2.Methods:Eighteen healthy male minipigs,weighing 22-30 kg,were randomly divided into two groups: MODS group and control group.Double-hit method including hemorrhagic shock and endotoxiemia was used to establish the porcine MODS model.The peripheral vein blood samples were collected at different time-points(before bloodletting,before en- dotoxin injection,1 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after endotoxin injection)in the two groups.The spleen samples were collected after death of the animals.Plasma levels of IFN-?and IL-4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Real- time PCR was used to detect the expression of IFN-?,IL-4,T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA(The latter 2 were the key transcription factors associated with Th1/Th2 response)in the spleen samples.Results:The plasma levels of IFN-?and IL-4 quickly reached the peak values 1 h after the endotoxin injection,then the level of IFN-?decreased quickly.The ratio of IFN-?/IL-4 was signifi- cantly lower than the baseline value 72 h after endotoxin injection(P=0.000).The ratio of IFN-?/IL-4 mRNA in MODS group was obviously lower than that in the control group(P=0.020);the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 was also lower in MODS group (P=0.038).Conclusion:The shift from Th1 to Th2 occurs in the progress of MODS.