Objective To study the clinical efficacy,safety,and economic efficiency of ginkgolide injection and conventional therapy of patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis in multi center,and to evaluate the economic value of drugs.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in this study,patients with ischemic stroke were collected from August 2013 to December 2014.Patients (354 cases) in treatment group were treated with Ginkgolide Injection and routine treatment,and patients (180 cases) in control group could be treated with other drugs for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis on the basis of routine treatment.The patients were telephone followed-up visited 3,6,and 12 months after discharge for pharmacodynamic indexes:evaluation of activities of daily living (ADL) score,self-care rate,cure rate,recurrence rate,and all-cause mortality;economic indicators:the patient work recovery rate,cost effectiveness ratio (CER),and the incidence,and severity of adverse events,to assess the differences in the long-term benefits of different treatment regimens.Results Follow-up in 3,6,and 12 months showed that ADL score,cure rate,self-care rate,and work recovery rate of the treatment group were better than those of control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Follow-up in 12 months showed that,recurrence rate and mortality rate in the treatment group was better than that in the control group,with statistical difference.Follow-up in 6 and 12 months showed that CER of treatment group was smaller than that of the control group.The incidence of adverse reactions was low in the two groups.Conclusion Long term evaluation showed that patients treated with Ginkgolide Injection had better clinical outcomes and better CER than those without it,which proved the effectiveness and economic efficacy of Ginkgolide Inj ection in the treatment of stroke.

Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects ; prevention & control ; Ships

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of esomeprazole or omeprazole triple therapies on gastric ulcer patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Seventy-five patients with Hprelated gastric ulcer and type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled and were randomly divided into group A(n=39)and group B (n =36).Patients in group A were treated with esomeprazole,amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium dispersible tablets,Clindamycin.Patients in group B were treated with omeprasole,amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium dispersible tablets,Clindamycin.Patients in both groups were treated with hypoglycemic therapy.The efficacy and the Hp eradicate rate of the two groups were observed and compared.Results The cure effect in group A was 97.44％(38/39),much better than that of group B(80.56％(29/36);x2=5.598,P=0.025).The Hp eradicate rate in group A was 92.31％,also much better than that of group B(75.00％;x2 =4.172,P =0.041).Conclusion The clinical egicacy and the Hp eradicate rate of esomeprazole triple therapies on gastric ulcer patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is better than that of omeprazole triple therapies.Esomeprazole triple therapies and it is worthy of being clinically promoted.

A retrospective analysis was carried out in 10 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positive patients treated with propylthiouracil (PTU). Six patients were diagnosed to be suffering from vasculitis via lung or renal biopsy. All 10 patients′ symptom disappeared and the titer of ANCA fell down after discontinuing PTU or using immunosuppressive agents.

Objective To examine the neuroprotective effects of amantadine(AMA),a non-competitive NMDA receptor an-tagonist,on the hypoxic-ischemic(HI)brain injury of neonatal rats and the possible mechanisms.Methods Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)models were established in seven-day-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by ligating the right ce-phalic artery and then inhaling 8% oxygen for 2 h.All the rats were divided into 3 groups:control group(n=15),HIE group(n=15),and AMA group(n=45).Animals in AMA group were intranasally treated with AMA at 50 mg/kg 30 min before and 15 min after ligation and 30 min before inhalation(15 rats each used at the three time points).The right-to-left hemispheric weight ratio was calculated 7 days after the HI brain injury.The right hippocampus tissues of rats(n=45)were harvested 24 h after the HI brain injury and the concentrations of IL-1βand IL-6 were detected by ELISA.The outcomes of behavior tests(in-volving 45 rats)including Barnes maze test,motor coordination test and fear conditioning test,were evaluated 30 days after the HI brain injury.Results Intranasal AMA significantly increased the right-to-left hemispheric weight ratio,lowered the concen-trations of IL-1βand IL-6 in the right hippocampus of rats and promoted the behavior functions 15 min after ligation(P<0.05) . Conclusion Intranasal AMA can provide neuroprotection partially by reducing the hippocampal inflammation in the neonatal rats with HI brain injury.

Objective To explore an assessment questionnaire for assessing caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods Delphi method was used to review the literature. Ten primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome were interviewed and five medical, nursing experts were pre-surveyed to form an expert consultation questionnaire. Sixteen experts from some provinces were selected to carry out two rounds expert consultation. To screen the dimensions, factors, entries of the questionnaire and to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results The positive coefficient was 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.95 and the expert co-ordination coefficient W test was P<0.05 of the two rounds expert consultation. The questionnaire data included 6 dimensions, 26 factors, 106 items. The basic knowledge of disease, diet knowledge, medication knowledge, personal hygiene and infection prevention, activity and rest, home care constitute the dimensions. The Cronbach α coefficient was 0.872, the test-retest reliability was 0.823, the split-half reliability was 0.855, and the average overall validity index of the questionnaire was 0.948. Six common factors were extracted for exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative variance contribution> 65.633%. Conclusions The questionnaire of caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome developed by Delphi method has high reliability. The questionnaire is of practical significance for evaluating the care of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome.

Objective To study the role of membrane cytoskeleton linker Ezrin in the growth and metastasis of human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7.Methods Small interfering RNA(siRNA)targeting Ezrin were transfected into MCF-7 cells.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the down-regulation of Ezrin mRNA and protein.MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of the cells.Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle.Transwell assay was used to detect the migration ability of the transfected MCF-7 cells.Results RT-PCR and Western blot results revealed that Ezrin siRNA down-regulated Ezrin expression at both mRNA and protein levels.Down regulation of Ezrin expression decreased the proliferation rate of the cell line(t=4.479,P＜0.01).The cell proportion in G2-M phase (t=-5.997,P＜0.01)and the invasion ability(t=5.268,P＜0.01)decreased significantly.Conclusion Ezrin plays an important role in the process of proliferation,migration,and invasion of MCF-7 cells.

Photosensitive skin diseases belong to physical skin diseases, which are caused by sunlight. Its clinical features are exposed parts of skin erythema, blisters or pleomorphic lesions, skin burning and itching consciously, and vary in different seasons. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the pathogenesis of the disease lies in accountability phototoxic invasion, in vivo accumulation of heat, and natural tolerance to poor light. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy is often used in typing, syndrome differentiation, combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, Chinese medicine for external use and other means, and has achieved remarkable curative effects. However, there are still many problems about photosensitive skin diseases in the aspect of clinical and basic researches, and should be solved and improved.

Atrial Flutter ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Treatment Outcome

Objective：To compare the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents (12～16 years) and school-age children (6～11years) to provide reference data for a comprehensive intervention to children ADHD.Methods：A population-based questionnaire study was conducted among subjects aged 6～16 years sampled from schools in Northern Shandong.Totally 4263 children (adolescents 2358,school-age children 1905) were chosen by stratified-clustered-random sampling.The estimation of ADHD was investigated by asking the parents to complete ADHD questionnaires and subjects were followed up.The diagnosis for ADHD was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)cliterca,which was divided into three kinds of subtypes in accordance with distribution of symptom dimensions.Results：The total prevalence of ADHD was 6.4% in this sample,which was predominated by the inattentive type (ADHD-I ) (63.7％).The prevalence of ADHD was higher in males than in females (8.9% vs.4.1%,P<0.001),and lower in adolescents than in school-age children (5.3% vs.7.7%,P=0.002).Distribution of subtypes was different in ADHD children of different age.Compared with school-age children group,the hyperactive/impulsive type (ADHD-HI )and combined type (ADHD-C) were lower,and the inattentive type (ADHD-I )was higher in adolescent group (P<0.001).The prevalence of 3 symptomatic factors of inattention and 6 symptomatic factors of hyperactivity/impulsivity in adolescents ADHD was lower than that in school-age children ADHD.Conclusion：Inattention is central symptom for children ADHD.ADHD,symptom of hyperactivity/impulsivity especially in the elder groups have trends of lower prevalence rate.