Objective To study the effectiveness of comprehensive control measures based on systematic ecological system construction to interrupt the transmission of schistosomiasis in hilly endemic regions in Sichuan Province ,so as to provide the ev?idence for adjustment of schistosomiasis prevention and control strategies. Methods A high endemic area of schistosomiasis, Panao Township of Dongpo District in Meishan City,was selected as a demonstration area. The comprehensive measures for schistosomiasis control with focus on systematic ecological management were implemented,and the income of residents,index?es of schistosomiasis control effect and so on were investigated before and after the intervention and the results were compared. Results The project based on systematic ecological system construction started in 2009 and 317.351 million Yuan was put into the construction. The construction included economic forest plant base(1 866.68 hm2,72.66%of the total farmland areas),eco?logical protection gardens(585.35 hm2)and so on. Totally 97.04% of historical areas with Oncomelania hupensis snails were comprehensively improved. In 2015,the peasants' pure income per capita increased 4 938 Yuan,with the average annual growth rate of 14.69%. All the farm cattle were replaced by the machine. The benefit rate of water improvement was increased by 52.84%and the coverage rate of harmless toilets increased by 18.30%. The positive rate of serological tests for schistosomiasis decreased from 7.69%to 3.50%,and the positive rate of parasitological tests decreased from 1.18%to 0. The area with snails was decreased from 23.33 hm2 to 0. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge and correct behavior rate of the resi? dents increased from 85.50%and 82.60%to 95.70%and 93.90%respectively. Conclusions The comprehensive schistosomia?sis control measures based on systematic ecological management are conform to the currently actual schistosomiasis prevention and control work in hilly endemic regions,and have good ecological economic benefit and schistosomiasis control effectiveness, which provide an effectively new model of prevention and control for advancing process,consolidating the effect,finally realiz?ing goal of interruption and elimination of schistosomiasis in hilly endemic regions.

Adult ; Diagnostic Errors ; Endolymphatic Duct ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; Palatine Tonsil ; Polyps ; diagnosis

Objective The rate of post -operative complications has been increased with the changes in patients' age,prolonged duration, more severe and diffused lesions, and more patients with complications in recent years. We try to identify the risk factors associated with prolonged stay in the intensive care unit ( ICU ) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods 1623 patients who received CABG surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital Between June 1, 2006 and December 31,2007 were divided into two groups based on their stay duration in the ICU. Prolonged stay in ICU was defined as 5days or more. Univariate and multivariate analysis ( logistic regression) were used to identify the risk factors. The discrimination and calibration of the result were tested after the risk factors were determined. Results Fifty one patients had prolonged ICU stay, accounting for 3.14% of total cases. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the age of patients, peripheral vascular diseases, critical status before operation, LVEF, operative status, mitral regurgitation, postoperative respiratory failure,postoperative renal failure, secondary thoracotomy for postoperative bleeding were associated risk factors. Conclusion Prolonged ICU stay after CABG surgery can be predicted based on the above factors. For patients with these risk factors, more pre-and postoperative care strategies are needed.

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of alcohol on the synthesis of testosterone and the expression of androgen binding protein(ABP)mRNA in rat testis.Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(10 rats each group)and received either distilled water(control group)or alcohol(alcohol-fed groups)for 5 months.Alcohol was administered by garage with a single daily dose : 5 g/kg(large dose group),2.5 g/kg(middle dose group)and 0.5 g/kg(small dose group).Testosterone content was measured by ELISA.mRNA levels of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors(PBR),PPARct and ABP were assayed by RT-PCR.Results Compared with control group:(1)ethanol feeding with daily doses of 5 g/kg,2.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg significantly decreased testosterone levels by 31.13%(P0.05)respectively,indicating that ethanol might impair testosterone synthesis;(2) mRNA levels of PBR were decreased in all three ethanol-treated groups(all P

Objective To prolong the working time of the crew under a high temperature and high humidity environment in armored vehicles , improve work efficiency , and to prevent excessive heat load from doing any harm to the human body . Methods The man-machine environment was analyzed , the corresponding environment and the conditions aboard were further quantitatively studied , and man-machine-environment interactions were analyzed .Also,a questionnaire survey was conducted at the same time .Results and Conclusion The thermal equilibrium and thermal comfort calculation program were compiled and validated through the questionnaire survey in order to provide support for environment assessment and protection design .

Objective To establish an index system of the key factors of elimination of schistosomiasis. Methods A ques?tionnaire was designed based on the reference review,and 24 scientists working in the field of schistosomiasis control or re?search or management were investigated by using the Delphi method. The importance of each index reflecting the endemicity of schistosomiasis was scored by each scientist. The assessing system for key factors of eliminating schistosomiasis was established , and the normalized weight and combined weight were calculated. Results The assessing system included three indexes in the first grade,seven indexes in the second grade and thirteen indexes in the third grade. Among the indexes in the first grade,the normalized weights of endemicity,natural environment and social environment were 0.371 1,0.339 5,and 0.289 4,respective?ly. Among the indexes in the second grade,the economy showed the highest combined weight of 0.289 4 while the agriculture and sanitation both showed the lowest score of 0.112 7. Among the indexes in the third grade,the infection rate of animals showed the highest combined weight of 0.124 6 while the agriculture and plant structure both showed the lowest score of 0.053 0. Conclusion The indexes of the assessing system provide the scientific evidence for surveillance work when elimination of schis?tosomiasis.

Objective To explore the application of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of peripheral tumor cell infiltration of gliomas. Methods Forty patients with glioma were examined by 1H-MRS preoperation, and were divided into low grade glioma group (n=20) and high grade glioma group (n=20) according to postoperative pathological diagnosis. Tumor resection with peripheral tissues marked previously was carried out under the guidance of neuronavigator system. All the pathological sections were divided into positive group and negative group according to the presence or absence of tumor cells, and the differences in pathological findings of peripheral regions (region 1, 2 and 3) and 1H-MRS values were analyzed in these two groups. Results No infiltration was found in the peripheral regions of low grade glioma group except for one case in peripheral region 1, while infiltration was found in all peripheral regions of high grade glioma group. There was no significant difference in 1H-MRS values between positive group (n=24) and negative group (n=36) in patients with high grade glioma (P>0.05). Conclusion 1H-MRS enjoys some advantages over routine radiological examinations in the diagnosis of peripheral tumor cell infiltration of gliomas. Total removal can be expected when combined with neuronavigator system, while there is room for improvement for relevant techniques.

Early stage diabetic nephropathy is characterized by elevated glomerular filtration. Recent studies have identified high-glucose induced p38 MAPK (p38) over-activation in mesangial cells. Mesangial hypocontractility is the major underlying mechanism, however, no ameliorating agents are currently available. We investigated the protective effects of emodin on high-glucose induced mesangial cell hypocontractility. Mesangial cells were cultured under normal (5.6 mM) and high glucose (30 mM) conditions. Emodin was administrated at doses of 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l. Angiotension II stimulated cell surface reductions were measured to evaluate cell contractility. p38 activity was detected using Western blotting. To further explore the possible mechanism of emodin, expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) was measured and its specific inhibitor, gw9662, was administrated. Our results showed: (1) high-glucose resulted in a 280% increase in p38 activity associated with significant impairment of mesangial contractility; (2) emodin treatment dose-dependently inhibited high-glucose induced p38 over-activation (a 40% decrease for 50 mg/l emodin and a 73% decrease for 100 mg/l emodin), and mesangial hypocontractility was ameriolated by emodin; (3) both the PPARgamma mRNA and protein levels were elevated after emodin treatment; (4) inhibition of PPARgamma using gw9662 effectively blocked the ameliorating effects of emodin on high-glucose induced p38 over-activation and mesangial hypocontractility. Emodin effectively ameliorated p38 over-activation and hypocontractility in high-glucose induced mesangial cells, possibly via activation of PPARgamma.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Physiological Phenomena/drug effects ; Emodin/*pharmacology ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Mesangial Cells/cytology/*drug effects ; PPAR gamma/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Rats ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/*metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of Chinese herbs for inner-warming on the bioavailability of paeoniflorin (PF) and its mechanism.

METHODSChinese herbs (pepper fruit, evodia fruit, cassia bark, fennel fruit and prickly-ash peel) were separately used in combination with PF for gastrogavage to mice. Reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the plasma concentration of PF in mice after medication. The bioavailability of PF was calculated and compared, taking single use of red peony root for control.

RESULTSThe pharmacokinetics of PF in mice was conformed to the one-compartment model, as combined use with Chinese herbs for inner-warming, the relative bioavailability of PF was 137.22% for pepper fruit, 123.62% for evodia fruit, 108.39% for cassia bark, 226.02% for fennel fruit and 116.73% for prickly-ash peel, there were difference of Cmax and AUC(0-infinity) in comparison of these data with the control group (P < 0.05), but with no difference of tmax (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese herbs used in this experiment in combination with red peony root could enhance the bioavailability of PF, which illustrated the scientific meaning of the recipe combination of Chinese herbs for activating blood circulation and inner-warming viewing from pharmacodynamics.

Animals ; Benzoates ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Biological Availability ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Synergism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Female ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Monoterpenes ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo screen anti-c-Met Fab from a phage antibody library and identify its binding activity.

METHODSThe expression of c-Met of HCC lines was identified by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Antibodies against c-Met were screened with immobilized antigen. After five rounds of panning, 30 randomly selected clones were identified by phage ELISA to select specific clones with high affinity. The positive clones were selected for Fab soluble expression in TOP10F and the binding activities were analysed in HCC lines.

RESULTSc-Met expressed in HCC membrane was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. A Fab fragment named AM2-26 with fine activity to c-Met was selected. AM2-26 binding specificity was confirmed by IP, FACS and immunofluorescence.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-c-Met Fab binding to c-Met in HCC provides a promising candidate for the biotherapy of hepatoma.

Antibodies ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; immunology ; Peptide Library ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology