Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of one-stage cannulated screw fixation in treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) under posterior direction version and in treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)under arthroscopy.Methods From January 2010 to June 2015,25 patients with tibial avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament combined with the anterior cruciate ligament in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Firstly,arthroscopic exploration was conducted in all patients in their horizontal position,aiming to observe whether combined injures existed or not and to confirm fracture fragments and the degree of tibial avulsion fractures of the cruciate ligaments.All patients recieved arthroscopic fragment fixation by using cannulated screws,then,were treated with a minimally posteromedial incision in the prone position by cannulated screw fixation.All knee joints were protected by adjustable orthopedic brace for 4-6 weeks.The clinical knee joint function of patients were measured by using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring scale and Lysholm scoring scale.The X-ray or CT image were used to evaluate healing process of the fractures.Results All patients were followed up for 6-24 months,the median follow-up time was 15 months.All fractures healed in one stage,time of fracture healing ranged from 9 to 24 weeks,and the median time was 12 weeks.The average IKDC scores at the finial follow-up were as follows:claudication (4.88±0.29)points,support (4.65±0.36)points,pain (4.78±0.49)points,swelling (4.88±0.52)points,squat (4.85±0.35)points,all were higher than those before operation,there were statistically significant differences when compared with those assessed before operation (P<0.05).The average Lysholm score at the finial follow-up was (93.4±2.8)points,the rate of excellent and fine was 96.0%,no statistically significant difference was found compared with that at the healthy side (P>0.05).Conclusion The one-stage cannulated screw fixation in treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of PCL under posterior direction version and in treatment of tibial avulsion fractures at the ACL under arthroscopy is easy and convenient to operate,which has the advantages of reliable fixation and satisfactory recent curative efficacy.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the regularity and characteristics of anaphylactoid reactions induced by Magnesium iso-glycyrrhizinate injection,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:27 ADR reports induced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection from Hunan Center for ADR Monitoring from Jan. 2014 to Mar. 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. RE-SULTS:In the 27 cases,15 were male (55.56%) and 12 were female (44.44%),with percentage of 1.25∶1;ADR mainly oc-curred in patients with 41-60 years old(51.85%);involved organ/system were mainly skin and its appendages(35.85%)and sys-temic damage(26.42%),the main clinical manifestations were rash,itching,fever,chills,vomiting and dizziness;there were 7 severe ADR reports(25.92%),mainly showed chills,fever and other systemic symptoms;most ADR can be cured(40.74%)or relieved(55.56%)by related processing. CONCLUSIONS:There are no risk tips for severe allergic reactions in instruction,it is necessary to strengthen post-marketing surveillance and further improve the drug instructions to reduce the risk of severe ADR in-duced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection.

Objective: To establish a ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/ MS)method for the simultaneous determination of hesperidin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, palmatine hydrochloride, jatrorrhizine, berberine hydrochloride, coptisine, synephrine, alantolactone and isoalantolactone in Shalian Hewei capsules. Methods: An acqui ty UPLC BEH C 18(2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7 μm)column was used. The gradient mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic ac id. Mass data acquisition was performed with multiple reaction monitoring(MRM). Results : Excellent linear calibration curves were obtained for the ten components in the relevant concentration ranges(r=0.9991-0.9997). The precisions(RSD)for the ten compo nents were between 0.3% and 1.8%. The mean recoveries of the ten components were in the range of 91.5%-101.9%, with the RSD values of 1.1-5.1%. The contents of the ten components in 3 batches of samples were 5804.0-5825.6, 127.8-129.0, 26.6-27.0, 841.8-846.4, 439.6-443.2, 2797.2-2859.8, 776.8-800.2, 164.0-164.4, 1945.6-1952.8, and 2561.2-2578.0 μg/g, respectively. Conclusion: The compounds determined by this method are representative components in the compound preparation of Shalian He wei capsules, which could be used for quality and production process control of Shalian Hewei capsules.

Objective To summarize the causes of patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) and to analyze the relationship between infectious diseases and FUO,in order to provide envidence for experiential therapy.Methods Clinical data of 374 FUO inpatients at He'nan Provincial People's Hospital from June 1,2009 to May 31,2013,including gender,age,diagnosis and department were analyzed retrospectively.Results Three hundred and twenty-seven cases among the overall 374 FUO patients (87.4％) were eventually etiological diagnosed based on supplementary examinations or diagnostic treatment.As for the causes of fever,209 were infection,accounting for 55.9％,among which 78 cases (20.9％) were diagnosed with tuberculosis,23 cases (6.1％) brucellic diseases,19 cases (5.1％) rickettsia infection.Meanwhile,the noninfectious diseases,such as connective tissue diseases (47,12.6％),hematonosis (37,9.9％) as well as the solid tumors (13,3.5％) also constituted considerable shares of the causes for FUO.However,the causes of 47 cases (12.6％) were not identified before discharge.Conclusions Infectious diseases are the main cause of FUO,in which tuberculosis accounts for the majority.Brucellosis and rickettsia infection also account for a considerable proportion.The causes of most FUO cases could be identified through detailed analysis of clinical data and supplemental examinations.

In this paper, microcrystalline cellulose WJ101 was used as a model material to investigate the effect of various process parameters on granule yield and friability after dry granulation with a single factor and the effect of comprehensive inspection process parameters on the effect of granule yield and friability, then the correlation between process parameters and granule quality was established. The regress equation was established between process parameters and granule yield and friability by multiple regression analysis, the affecting the order of the size of the order of the process parameters on granule yield and friability was: rollers speed > rollers pressure > speed of horizontal feed. Granule yield was positively correlated with pressure and speed of horizontal feed and negatively correlated rollers speed, while friability was on the contrary. By comparison, fitted value and real value, fitted and real value are basically the same of no significant differences (P > 0.05) and with high precision and reliability.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Hardness ; Models, Chemical ; Particle Size ; Regression Analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To study the effects of preconditioning treadmill exercise on excitatory amino vacid changes in rats after the cerebral infarction and the protective effects against cerebral isehemia brain injury. Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Twenty-five rats were subject to an operation to establish the animal model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and divided into a isehemia group, an 1-week ex- ercise group (trained in the 4th week) , a 2-week exercise group (trained in the 3rd and 4th weeks) and a 4- week exercise group (trained for 4 weeks) , while the remaining 5 rats were subject to sham operation, and served as the controls. After 4 weeks of experiment, all the the rats were fixed on stereotactie apparatus for the brain microdialysis of the striatum. Then the focal middle cerebral artery ischemia and reperfusion were made with thread oeclussion in rats and microdialysis technique was used to collect extraeellular fluid in each period of pre-ischemia, ischemia (40, 80 and 120 min), and reperfusion (40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 240 min) to detect the changes of the excitatory amino acid. At the same time the infarction volume was also measured at 24 hours after ischemia-reperfusion of the brain. Results The difference between any two groups was significant with regard to the volume of cerebral infarction (P < 0.05). Two weeks and four weeks of the preconditioning treadmill exercise couled significantly reduce concentration of Glu excessively released due to the ischemia (P < 0.01). Conclusion At least two weeks of preconditioning treadmill exercise can inhibit the excessive release of the important excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter glutamate, to some extent, in the process of the subse- quent ischemic brain injury and during reperfusion, which might be one of the protective mechanisms of move- ment against the early isehemie brain injury.

Objective To observe the effect of Ningxia aqueous extracts of fruitless lycium sprout (AEFLS) on cardiomyo cyte antioxidation and apoptosis-related protein expression in aging mice.Methods The natural aging C57BL/6J mice with 13 months old were randomly divided into aged control group,AEFLS low dose group (AEFLS1),AEFLS middle dose group (AEFLS2)and AEFLS high dose group(AEFLS3).The AEFLS1,AEFLS2 and AEFLS3 groups were respectively given with 5,10,20 mg/kg AEFLS gavage,while the aged control group was given with the normal saline gavage,for continuous8 weeks.The xan thine oxidase assay and thiobarbituric acid method were used for the determination of SOD and MDA in heart tissues.Western-blot and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2,Bax and Capase-3 in heart tissue.Results Compared with the aged control group,the MDA level in the AEFLS2 and AEFLS3 groups was decreased,while the SOD activity was increased,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).The Western-blot result showed that compared with the aged control group,the optical density value of Bcl-2 in the AEFLS2 and AEFLS3 groups was increased,but the optical density values of Bax and Capase-3 were decreased (P＜0.01);the immunohistochemical results showed that compared with the aged control group,the immunopositive(IP) expressions of Bcl-2 protein in heart tissues in the AEFLS2 and AEFLS3 groups were increased (P＜0.01),while the IP expressions of Bax and Capase-3 were decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion Middle and high doses of AEFLS can increase the antioxidative ability of myocardial tissue,up-regulates the Bcl-2 expression,down-regulates the Bax and Capase-3 expressions and plays anti-cardiomyocyte apoptotic role.

Identiifcation of tissues/body lfuids in forensic science is important for criminal cases investigation such as crime scene reconstruction, conclude the character of crime. Recently, many researches of Epigenetic shows that tissue speciifc differentially methylated regions(tDMRs) have the ability to as a biomarker for identiifcation of tissues/body lfuids. In this paper, we reviewed the study progress and summarized the probability, advantage and disadvantage as well as application value and the development direction of the application of DNA methylation in the aspect of identifying the tissues/ body lfuids source, aiming at providing a reference for the related research and application.

Objective To investigate the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene modified neural stem cells (NSCs)transplantation on cerebral ischemic injury in rats.Methods NSCs from newborn rat hippocampus were isolated,cultured in a medium containing fibroblast factor (FGF) in vitro. Their proliferation and differentiation were detected by immunohistochemistry.Virus vectors pLXSN-BDNF were built and BDNF were transfected into NSCs.Biological activity were detected to obtained engineering stem cells of BDNF protein with secretary activity.Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were made and transplanted with NSCs-BDNF by stereotaxic technique.The effect of transplantation on MCAO models was evaluated histologically and behaviorally.Results Statistical analysis showed that the behavioral performance of the animals improved after transplantation (Longa mark being 1.343?0.293 four weeks after stem cell transplantation).The number of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons increased to 87.5%?6.6% , four weeks after stem cell transplantation on Nissle stained hippocampal sections,which was significantly different from that of controls.Positively BrdU stained neural stem cells revealed by immunohistochemistry in the cultured cells and in the transplanted brain sections,indicated that the engineering cells transplanted had survived in the host brain and began to proliferate.Conclusion Transplantation of BDNF genetically modified NSCs can effectively promote the recovery from cerebral ischemic injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of alcohol on the synthesis of testosterone and the expression of androgen binding protein(ABP)mRNA in rat testis.Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(10 rats each group)and received either distilled water(control group)or alcohol(alcohol-fed groups)for 5 months.Alcohol was administered by garage with a single daily dose : 5 g/kg(large dose group),2.5 g/kg(middle dose group)and 0.5 g/kg(small dose group).Testosterone content was measured by ELISA.mRNA levels of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors(PBR),PPARct and ABP were assayed by RT-PCR.Results Compared with control group:(1)ethanol feeding with daily doses of 5 g/kg,2.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg significantly decreased testosterone levels by 31.13%(P0.05)respectively,indicating that ethanol might impair testosterone synthesis;(2) mRNA levels of PBR were decreased in all three ethanol-treated groups(all P