Objective To investigate surgical techniques and results of arthroscopic reduction and fixation for the treatment of avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament from the tibia through an additional posterolateral portal. Methods An additional posterolateral portal was established by using the inside-out technique under arthroscopic view.After a protective sleeve was placed through the portal and the displaced fracture was reduced,the fragment was fixed by the guide wire drilled through the sleeve temporarily.If the fluoroscopic control showed an anatomic reduction of the fragment and good placement of the wire,the self-attacked cannulated screw and washer was placed intra-articularly over the guide wire through the sleeve for the directive internal fixation of the avulsion fracture.Aggressive rehabilitation programs were recommended postoperatively.Results Except 1 case with 11 mm displacement and rotation of the fragment treated by the arthrotomy after the failure of arthroscopic reduction,the arthroscopic operation was accomplished in all the remaining 10 cases.The operative time was 63～98 min(mean,87.3 min).No injuries of popliteal vessels or nerves occurred.The postoperative X-ray firms showed an anatomic reduction of the fragment and good placement of the screw and washer.With the negative posterior drawer test confirmed by the physical examination,normal range of motion of the injured knee joint and gait were achieved in the 10 patients at 4～7 weeks after surgery.The bone union was confirmed by X-ray films at the 3 months postoperatively.The computer KT-2000 arthrometer measurements of posterior tibial displacement of both knee joints showed side-to-side difference not more than 1.2 mm in 6 patients at 5 months after surgery.Conclusions The additional posterolateral portal can be established by the arthroscopic inside-out technique safely.The displaced fragment of the avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament from the tibia can be reduced and fixed with the self-attacked cannulated screw and washer arthroscopicly.

Objective To clarify the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of early gastric cancer (EGC)patients who underwent radical gastrectomy.Methods We investigated follow-up records of 336 EGC patients on whom curative operations were performed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University between January 1994 and January 2008 with special reference to 12 cases of cancer recurrence.Results The 5-year survival rate of D1 was 89.0％,D1 + t was 91.4％,D1 + β was 91.8％,D2 was 92.5％,D3 was 90.0％(P =0.981).The recurrence rate was 3.6％(12/336).The recurrence time was 17-58 months,the survival time was 33-68 months.Six cases suffered from hematogenous recurrences,four cases from lymph node recurrences,two cases from remnant stomach recurrences.The recurrence rate of SM was higher than M(P =0.015),lymph node positive was high than negative(P =0.011),D1 was higher than D2(P =0.025).Conclusions The recurrence rate of EGC correlated with depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and lymph node dissection.

Objective To investigate clinical value of miRNA-27-3p expressed in colorectal cancers,liver metastasis,and the peripheral blood,and analyze its target genes.Methods Among 78 cases of colorectal cancer patients,sera,colorectal cancers,and liver metastases were used to detect miRNA-27a-3p expressions with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analyze its clinical significance.We predicted miRNA-27-3p target genes,and confirmed the target genes and their correlation between miRNA-27a-3p and target genes.Results The expression level of miRNA-27a-3p in 78 cases of colorectal cancers was 3.13 ± 1.72,which was significantly higher than that in matched adjacent cancer tissues (1.06 ± 0.42) and control group (0.68 ± 0.27) (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of miRNA-27a-3p in 27 cases of liver metastases was 3.48 ± 1.15,which was significantly higher than that in paired colorectal cancer tissues (2.34 ± 1.03) (P ＜0.05) and adjacent tissues (0.81 ± 1.14) (P ＜0.05).Expression levels of miRNA-27a-3p in patients with colorectal cancer tissues and peripheral blood had no significant difference in age,sex,serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels,tumor location,and pathological types (P ＞ 0.05);however,it had positive significant difference in lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of miRNA-27a-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of target gene GP73.Conclusions The higher expression was miRNA-27a-3p in peripheral blood and colorectal cancer tissues,higher risk of liver metastasis occurs.MiRNA-27a-3p might participate in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer by regulating target gene expression of GP73.In peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients,miRNA-27a-3p might be used for potential auxiliary diagnosis and predict liver metastasis.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of phosphor-cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB) in isoloated hippocampal neurons of fetal rats.Methods SpragueDawley rats on 16-18 days of gestation were sacrificed and the fetal rats were obtained.The hippocampi of fetal rats were isolated and hippocampal neurons were seeded in culture medium for 8 days.The cells were then divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),dexmedetomidine 0.001 μmol/L group (group D1),dexmedetomidine 0.010 μmol/L group (group D2),and dexmedetomidine 0.100μmol/L group (group D3).In D1.3 groups,dexmedetomidine with the final concentrations of 0.001 μmol/L,0.010 μmol/L,and 0.100 μmol/L was added to the culture medium,respectively,and then the cells were incubated for 3.5 h.The apoptosis in hippocampal neurons was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of p-CREB in hippocampal neurons was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,apoptosis rate was significantly decreased and the expression of p-CREB was up-regulated in D1.3 groups.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine inhibits apoptosis in isolated hippocampal neurons of fetal rats by up-regulating the expression of p-CREB.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced ; Tyrosine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)is one of the most common comorbidities of ASD.This article reviews the assessment tools and clinical research (prevalence,clinical characteristics and treat-ment)and fundamental research (iconography,genetics,neurophychology,electronerophysiology)of ASD with ADHD according to lately related articles.The findings suggested that there was lack of researches on treatment and iconography of ASD with ADHD and the conclusions were inconformity.Furthermore,most of the objects in these researches were children of normal intelligence.Thus future research should expand its objects to patients of adult and children with mental retardation and do further explore in iconography and treatment.

Objective To discuss the effect of pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for early gastric cancer(EGC). Methods Between August 1995 and December 2005, 52 cases of EGC underwent pyloruspreserving gastrectomy(PPG) and 159 cases of EGC underwent distal gastrectomy(DG), Clinicopathlogic data and follow-up results of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively, and gastric emptying and gallbladder function of 15 cases PPG and 17 cases DG were compared at the same time.Results Compared with DG group, patients in PPG group maintain the body weight, gastric emptying and gallbladder function. There was no significant difference between PPG group (92. 3% ) and DG group (93.1% ) in overall 5-year survival rate ( P = 0. 881 ). The 5-year survival rate of the the PPG group with lymph node dissection was D1 100%, D1+α 92. 3%, D1+β 88.9%, D2 87. 5% respectively.Conclusions For early gastric cancer, the pylorus-preserving gastrectomy is effective for maintaining the postoperative function with similar long term survival as that of distal gastrectomy.

Objective To investigate the impact of desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) on the proliferation of peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV).Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 12 patients with PV and 22 normal human controls,cultured with or without the presence of Dsg3 or phytohemagglutinin for 3 days.Flow cytometry was performed to detect the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets in PBMCs stimulated with Dsg3 and proliferation of T-lymphocytes.Results In patients with PV,the percentage of Th2 and Th1 cells was 12.17%±5.32% and 4.08%±1.50%,respectively in Dsg3stimulated PBMCs,9.84%±5.41% and 3.91%±1.38%,respectively in non-stimulated PBMCs.Increased percentage of Th2 cells was observed in Dsg3-stimulated and non-stimulated PBMCs from patients with PV compared with those from normal human controls (both P<0.05).After stimulation with Dsg3,there was a significant proliferation of T cells from patients,and the proliferation rate of CD4+T cells was 4.65%±3.28%,which was significantly higher than that from normal controls(P<0.05).Conclusion Dsg3 can induce the specific proliferation of CD4+T cells,especially Th2 type CD+4 T cells,from patients with PV.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the early slope value of enhancement in differentiating benign from malignant musculoskeletal masses.Methods Dynamic contrast-enhanced gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state imaging(GRASS) was performed to evaluate 36 musculoskeletal masses(18 malignant,18 benign).The difference of the early slope value of enhancement was analysed and compared between benign lesions and malignant ones.Using ROC curve plotting obtained the best decisive threshold.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to determine the relation between slope and microvessel density of tumor tissues.Results The average early slope value of enhancement was (4.33?2.70)% per second (range 0.97%～10.50% per second)for malignant lesions,and was (1.46?0.97)% per second(range 0.37%～3.86% per second)for benign ones.There was an apparent statistical significance between benign and malignant tumors(?

Objective To establish a simple ,stable acute liver injury model induced by CCl4 to observe effects of hepatocyte transplantation .Methods CCl4 plant oil with different concentration of 20% and 50% was used in mice by intraperitoneal injection , of which the dose was 2 mL/kg ,and then materials were taken at different time points respectively .Mice survival rate ,alanine amin-otransferase (ALT) ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the pathological changes of the liver were detected .Results Mice sur-vival rate in 20% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection was significantly higher than that of 50% .ALT and AST in experiment group were significantly higher than that of control group ,but there was no significant difference between two experimental groups .Pathologi-cal examination showed that mice liver cells showed typical cytoplasmic ,ballooning ,scattered punctate ,piecemeal necrosis and in-flammatory cell infiltration in 20% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection ;while in 50% CCl4 ,there was obvious fibrosis ,in addition to the mentioned heavier lesions .Conclusion 20% -50% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection in 2 mL/kg dose can induce different degrees of relatively stable liver injury ,and its concentration determines the degree of liver injury .Acute liver injury induced by 20% -50%CCl4 was an ideal model for hepatocyte transplantation experiment .