Cone-bine CT(CBCT)images of 2 130 maxillary third molars were divided into 3 groups according to the impaction position. The relationship between the floor of maxillary sinus and the roots of maxillary third molar was analyzed and compared.In low,median and high impaction groups the probability of the root tip of maxillary third molar higher than the floor of maxillary sinus was 4.5%,10.3% and 14.6% respectively.

Since haemoplasmodium is not detected for screening in blood donor,morbidity of transfusion-associated malaria increased rapidly in China recently and became an important problem of public health.It is necessary to emphasize donor screening for malaria.Hematology analyzer with MAPSS is recommended to screen malaria.Flow cytometry and immunochromatography test(ICT)can also screen malaria effectively.For the suspicious samples with haemoplasmodium,it is necessary to be reexamined by standard microscopic examination or polymerase chain reaction(PCR).

[Objective]To discuss the effective method of idiopathic scoliosis and evaluate the result of screw-rod and screw-hook-rod system.[Method]From January 2000 to January 2004,85 cases with idiopathic scoliosis were treated by CD-Horizon instrument.Fifty-one cases were corrected with pedicle screws system only(group A),34 cases were applicated with pedicle hooks or vertebral plate hooks in thoracic vertebra,while with pedicle screws system in lumbar vertebrae(group B).The Cobb's angle of coronal plane and sagittal plane and horizontal plane malformation were compared in preoperative score,postoperative score and the score at 2 years follow-up.[Result]The mean followed-up duration of 85 cases was three years and a half.The coronal plane and sagittal plane correction rate of group A was higher than that of group B at postoperative and 2-year follow-up(P0.05).[Conclusion]Using CD-Horizon instrument is a very effective choice for patients with idiopathic scoliosis.Pedicle screw-rod system offers a significantly better curve correction compared with screw-hook-rod system.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a reference for reducing adverse events due to off-label use of drugs and promoting ratio-nal use of intravenous drugs in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. METHODS:The pre-scriptions of intravenous drugs in 42 wards of our hospital from Jul. 2013 to Jun. 2014 were reviewed,and then off-label use of drugs were analyzed,where statistics was made mainly to drug overdose,the use of drugs at the concentration beyond the standards (including concentrations too high and too low) and associated conditions. RESULTS:There were 622 irrational prescriptions,in-cluding 60 concerning off-label use of drugs,accounting for 9.6% of irrational prescriptions,in which 40 were involved with the concentration which was too high,accounting for the highest percentage(66.7% of prescriptions related to off-label use of drugs), 17 were related to drug overdose(28.3% thereof),and 3 were in relation to the concentration which was too low(5.0% thereof). CONCLUSIONS:Pharmacy intravenous admixture service may,through the communication between the pharmacist and the doc-tor,refuse to make up the above-mentioned prescription which was found to be irrational(including that involving in off-label use of drugs)or make up such prescription after it is modified according to the requirements as specified in the label to reduce the occur-rence of off-label use of drugs so as to promote rational drug use.

Objective To observe the effects of naloxone in combination with morphine on the growth of subcutaneous tumor of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in nude mice.Methods The model of subcutaneous tumor of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in nude mice was established.Fifty nude mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (group C),normal saline group (group S),20 mg/kg morphine group (group M),and 1 mg/kg naloxone group (group N),and 1 mg/kg naloxone+20 mg/kg morphine group (group NM).The mice in group C received no treatment,while the mice in group S,group M,group N and group NM were injected with 1.5 ml/kg saline,20 mg/kg morphine,1 mg/kg naloxone,and 1 mg/kg naloxone+20 mg/kg morphine per day,respectively.The caliper was used to measure the tumor sizes every the other day.The mice in each group received intraperitoneal injection of the drugs for 2 week.Then the relative volume (RTV) of tumor was calculated.The expression of Cyclin D1,VEGF,MMP-9 mRNA and proteins were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),immunochemistry staining and Western blot.Results RTV in group M (2.21±0.62)% was significantly lower than that in group C (3.16±0.68)%,group S (2.98±0.61)%,group N (3.16±0.35)% and group NM (2.64±0.37)% (P<0.05).RTV in group NM was significantly lower than that in group C,group S and group N (P<0.05).Compared with group C,the expression of Cyclin D1,VEGF,and MMP-9 in group M were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The organizational structure of the subcutaneous tumor in groups C,S,N and NM was almost normal.Cytoplasm vacuolization,disruption of nuclear membrane and chromatin margination were occured in group M.While the level of Cyclin D1,VEGF,and MMP-9 in group NM was increased compared to group M (P<0.05).Conclusion Morphine could inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumor of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in nude mice by downregulating the expression of Cyclin D1,VEGF,and MMP-9.Naloxone could antagonize the anti-growth effects of morphine.

Objective To study the expression of P27,c-fos protein in neuron cell after ischemia and reperfusion accompany with the DWI imagings in rat brain.Methods 12 healthy SD rats with MACO were divided into three groups.Group A,ischemia 30 minutes with 60 minutes reperfusion;Group B,ischemia 60 minutes with 60 minutes reperfusion.Group C,ischemia 60 minutes.The DWI imaging was scanned after surgery immediately.The expressions of P27 and c-fos were determined by immunochemistry procedure.Results The P27 protein positive reaction was not detected in all ischemia and reperfusion groups.The c-fos protein positive reaction was observed in the cortex and basal ganglion in all groups.The hyperintense signal was presented the in DWI after fifteen minutes following the ischemia.Conclusions P27 protein is endogenous cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor.There may be the relationship between low expression of P27 protein in rat brain and the programmed cell death in neuron after the ischemia.C-fos protein participates in the neuron cell injury after the ischemia.DWI has good sensitivity to acute cerebral ischemia.

The evolution of the quality control concepts of medical products within the global context and the development of the quality control technology of Chinese medicine are briefly described. Aimed at the bottlenecks in the regulation and quality control of Chinese medicine, using Big Data technology to address the significant challenges in Chinese medicine industry is proposed. For quality standard refinements and internationalization of Chinese medicine, a technological innovation strategy encompassing its methodology, and the R&D direction of the subsequent core technology are also presented.
Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Industry ; organization & administration ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of pleasant events among community-dwelling dementia patients. Methods Totally 266 community-dwelling dementia patients were recruited from Bei-jing,Guangzhou and Tianjin,and were investigated with the Chinese-version Pleasant Events Schedule-AD(PES-AD). Results The overall score of PES-AD was (14.0±6.7). The factor scores from high to low were sensory stimulation activities(0.9±0.5),family activities(0.8±0.5),emotional stimulation activities(0.8±0.4) and autonomy activities(0.6± 0.5). Multiple linear regression showed that the severity of disease,without chronic disease,educational level of de-mentia patients and their caregivers were significant influencing factors of pleasant events,which explained 41.1% of the total variance. Conclusion Sensory stimulation activities of community-dwelling dementia patients were relatively satisfactory,followed by family activities and emotional stimulation activities,but autonomy activities were relatively unsatisfactory. It is suggested to choose appropriate pleasant activities according to the severity of disease for de-mentia patients to improve their quality of life.

The introduction of problem-based learning techniques into the teaching of anatomy has been subject to great contro- versies.This paper debates the rationale behind this concept using the example of the curriculum of Harvard Medical School.The anatomy curriculum is covered during the eight first weeks of the medical studies,and is an original combination of discussions of clinical cases in small groups,and work in gross anatomy,histology and radiology laboratories.The lectures are reduced to the minimum and emphasize general concepts.

BACKGROUND: How to obtain human-derived hepatocyte of high quality is the key problem for both bioartificial liver and hepatocyte transplantation. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate hepatocyte under proper condition, which provides a new think for obtaining hepatocyte.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the methods of the trans-differentiation of human BMSCs into hepatocyte in rats so as to provide a new think for clinical transplantation of liver and source of bioartificial liver.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: General Surgery of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at Central Laboratory of Zhujia ng Hospital of Southern Medical University from May 2004 to February 2005. Totally 40 male SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly into five groups: model group, modeling + 14-day transplantation group of human BMSCs, modeling + 28-day transplantation group of human BMSCs, modeling + 14-day transplantation group of CL-1 cell (human hepatocyte family), and modeling + 28-day transplantation group of CL-1 cell (human hepatocyte family) with 8 in each group.acetaminofIuorene + carbon tetrachloride + cyclophosphamide were esand differentiated into hepatocyte with remedial liver regeneration. Human BMSCs were observed for 14 days in modeling + 14-day transplantation group of human BMSCs, for 28 days in modeling + 28-day transplantation group of human BMSCs, for 14 days in modeling + 14-day transplantation group of CL-1 cell and for 28 days in modeling + 28-day transplantation group of CL-1 cell. However, cells in model group function of rats was measured at normal state, before and after transplantation. The expressions of human albumin mRNA in liver were detected by immunohistochemistry staining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively.of human albumin mRNA in liver.transplantation of human BMSCs on hepatic function and content of total bilirubin: Hepatic function and content of total bilirubin in each transplantation group were similar to those in model group at normal state and before transplantation (P ＞ 0.05); values in each group were obviously increased before transplantation as compared with those at normal state (P ＜ 0.01) and were obviously decreased after transplantation as compared with those before transplantation (P ＜ 0.01) but were higher ical section of hepatic cells: At normal state, pathological section of hepatic cells showed that hepatic cells lined in strip-chorda shape and radian shape around central vein; and inflammatory cells were not infiltrated in crossed-channel area. Necrosis was observed in model group. Proliferated changes were observed in transplantation groups of human BMSCs after a few of necrosis, and ovale-round cells and small bile duct proliferation main histocompatibility antigen-I in liver: Positive rate was 0 in model group; (13.03±0.18)% in modeling + 14-day transplantation group of human BMSCs; (9.47±0.46)% modeling + 28-day transplantation group of human BMSCs; (10.27±0.50)% in modeling + 14-day transplantation group of CL-1 cell; and (9.84±0.23)% in modeling + 28-day transplanwas detected in model group, but Sox11 and Alu-sx were detected in both transplantation groups of human BMSCs and CL-1 cells at various RT-PCR: Expression of human albumin mRNA was not observed in model group, but expression of that was observed in transplantation groups of human BMSCs and CL-1 cell as well as positive controls at various time points respectively.CONCLUSION: Human BMSCs can promote recovery of hepatic function.Replaceable rate of human-derived cells is 10% in liver of rats, which suggests that human BMSCs can converse into hepatocyte in xenoma and replace partly.