Because of the exists of minimal residual disease(MRD), children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) often suffer from recurrence. Dendritic cells (DC) play a pivotal role in the body's anti-tumor immune response through taking up tumor antigens to stimulate the body's immune system.Therefore it has become a hotspot due to DC's immunotherapy of clearing MRD in the body of children with ALL. This review discusses the DC characteristics, the immune escape mechanism associated with DC and the use of DC's immunotherapy in children with ALL.

Objective To investigate the effects of orphanin FQ (OFQ) on simple and norepinephrineactivated cardiac function in isolated rat heart.Methods Male SD rats aged 3-4 months weighing 250-280 g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 25% urethane 1.4-1.8 ml.Their hearts were excised and passively perfused with K-H solutionin a Lanngendorff apparatus.A fluid-filled latex balloon was inserted into left ventricle for measurement of developed pressure.Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end-diastofic pressure(LVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP=LVSP-LVEDP),HR and±dp/dtmax were measured.Sixty isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 10 groups(n=6 each):Ⅰ control group (group C);Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ OFQ1,OFQ2,OFQ3 group--OFQ 10-6,10-7,10-8 mol/L were administered via perfusion system respectively;Ⅴ OFQ+UFP group--OFQ 10-6 mol/L+UFP-101 (all OFQ antagonist) 10-6 mol/L were administered;Ⅵ NE group--norepinephrine 10-5 mol/L;Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ NE+OFQ groups--NE 10-5 mol/L+OFQ 10-6,10-7,10-8 mol/L were administered respectively;Ⅹ NE+OFQ+UFP group--NE 10-5 mol/L+OFQ 10-6mol/L+UFP-101 10-6mol/L.Results LVSP,LVDP and±dp/dtmax were significantly increased while HR was significantly decreased in the 3 OFQ groups as compared with control group.LVSP,LVDP±dp/dt max and HR were significantly increased in the 3 NE+OFQ groups as compared with NE group.Conclusion OFQ has positive inotropic action and negative chronotropic effect on the isolated rat heart.OFQ Can enhance the positive inotropic and chronotropic effect of NE on the heart.

Objective To observe the protective effect to Ulinastatin combined with Xingnaojing Injection (XI) for acute cerebral hemorrhage. Methods One hundred and eight cases of acute cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into treatment group ( N=56) and control group ( N=52) . All of the patients were given conventional western medical treatment including relieving cerebral edema, regulating blood pressure, maintaining electrolyte balance, anti-inflammation, preventing epilepsy. Additionally, the control group was given intravenous drip of Ulinstatin, and the treatment group was given intravenous drip of Ulinstatin and XI. The clearance of intracranial hematoma in the two groups was observed on treatment day 3, 7, 14, the absorption of cerebral edema was observed after treatment for one treatment course of 14 days, neurological deficit scores ( NDS) were compared on treatment day 14, 30, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results ( 1) After treatment, hematoma area was reduced in the two groups ( P<0.05 compared with that before treatment); on treatment day 3, the difference of hematoma area was insignificant between the two groups (P>0.05); on treatment day 7 and 14, hematoma area in the treatment group was less than that of the control group, the difference being significant (P<0.05) . (2) On treatment day 14, the total effective rate for absorption of cerebral edema was 89.3% in the treatment group, and was 65.4% in the control group, the difference being significnat ( P<0.05) . ( 3) After treatment, NDS of the treatment group was less than that of the control group, and the total effective rate on NDS was 89.3% in the treatment, higher than 71.2% in the control group, the difference being significant ( P<0.05) . ( 4) In the treatment group, 3 cases had slight increase of aminotransferase. Eight cases of the control group had increased aminotransferase, and then the aminotransferase level recovered to normal after suspension. In the treatment group, 2 cases were dropped out for receiving emergency operation due to rehaemorrhagia during the treatment, and 3 cases were death for illness deterioration. In the control group, 7 cases gave up the treatment for illness deterioration and then were dead during the follow-up. Conclusion Ulinastatin combined with XI shows certain protective effect in treating acute cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To discuss the change of sympathetic skin response (SSR) in patients with cerebral thrombosis with no more than 60 years old. Method SSR was measured in four positions of the center of hand palm and foot palm of 40 normal controls ( control group ) and 56 cerebral thrombosis patients (cerebral thrombosis group) no more than 60 years old. Results SSR wave shape was all educed in control group,but 21 limbs (21/224,9.4%) were not educed in cerebral thrombosis group, SSR abnormality was 80 limbs (35.7% ). SSR's latency in cerebral thrombosis group was obviously prolonged as compared with control group,and the amplitudes of SSR of upper limps and lower limbs had significance between two groups (P< 0.05 or < 0.01). There were serious abnormity within 3 days to 2 months after cerebral thrombosis. Conclusion SSR is a sensitive diagnosis method for the autonomic neuropathy of cerebral thrombosis patients of no more than 60 years old.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dendritic Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; pathology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; pathology

Objective To study the maternal blood glucose management of gestational diabetes mellitus during the labor and relationship of maternal blood glucose in labor and neonatal blood sugar. Methods A prospective study on maternal blood glucose monitoring and control during labor was carried in 40 pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism. We adjusted maternal blood glucose by low-dosage constant insulin drop during labor. Results Maternal blood glucose in labor arranged between 3.8 ～ 11.2 mmol/L,and low-dosage constant insulin drop was used in 17 cases (42.5%). The neonatal blood glucose was (4.0?1.5)mmol/L following delivery and (3.9?1.0)mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum. There were 2 cases with neonatal hypoglycemia. The neonatal blood glucose of the rest 23 cases was (4.2?1.5)mmol/L,and (3.9?1.0)mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum,and 1 case with neonatal hypoglycemia. There was no the difference of the blood glucose level of newborns between mothers with abnormal glucose metabolism and the normal pregnant women. Conclusion It is necessary to monitor and control the blood glucose level by low dose constant insulin during labor in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Objective To investigate clinical value of miRNA-27-3p expressed in colorectal cancers,liver metastasis,and the peripheral blood,and analyze its target genes.Methods Among 78 cases of colorectal cancer patients,sera,colorectal cancers,and liver metastases were used to detect miRNA-27a-3p expressions with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analyze its clinical significance.We predicted miRNA-27-3p target genes,and confirmed the target genes and their correlation between miRNA-27a-3p and target genes.Results The expression level of miRNA-27a-3p in 78 cases of colorectal cancers was 3.13 ± 1.72,which was significantly higher than that in matched adjacent cancer tissues (1.06 ± 0.42) and control group (0.68 ± 0.27) (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of miRNA-27a-3p in 27 cases of liver metastases was 3.48 ± 1.15,which was significantly higher than that in paired colorectal cancer tissues (2.34 ± 1.03) (P ＜0.05) and adjacent tissues (0.81 ± 1.14) (P ＜0.05).Expression levels of miRNA-27a-3p in patients with colorectal cancer tissues and peripheral blood had no significant difference in age,sex,serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels,tumor location,and pathological types (P ＞ 0.05);however,it had positive significant difference in lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of miRNA-27a-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of target gene GP73.Conclusions The higher expression was miRNA-27a-3p in peripheral blood and colorectal cancer tissues,higher risk of liver metastasis occurs.MiRNA-27a-3p might participate in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer by regulating target gene expression of GP73.In peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients,miRNA-27a-3p might be used for potential auxiliary diagnosis and predict liver metastasis.

Objective To propose a new observation procedure of blood pressure after the surgery of fiducial implantation for cyber knife, using the statistical analysis of the measurements of blood pressure at different time after the surgery. Methods By taking 200 patients after the surgery of fiducial implantation, the usual blood pressures and the blood pressures at different time after the surgery were compared statistically. Results Based on the statistical analysis, the usual blood pressures were statistically different from the blood pressure immediately after surgery, as well as the blood pressure at 0.5 hours after surgery [ systolic pressure (131.60 ±16.86), (129.08 ±14.77) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (123.00 ±11.80) mmHg, t=2.897 and 2.308, P<0.01 or 0.05;diastolic pressure (83.49±10.01), (81.75±8.99) mmHg vs. (78.22±7.59) mmHg, t=2.901 and 2.066, P<0.01 or 0.05]. The blood pressures measured at the other time after surgeries were not statistically different from the usual blood pressures, P>0.05. Conclusions Measuring the blood pressures at the time of 0, 0.5, 3.5 hours after the surgery can not only assure the complete recovery of the patients after the surgery, but also greatly reduce the work of nurses.

Objective To investigate the effect of CTLA4-Ig chimera protein on mice mortality, histopathological changes, viral fiters, expression of CTLA4 protein on infiltrated T lymphocyte and the balance of Thl/Th2 in mice myocarditis caused by coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3). Methods A total of 106 four to six week-old male BALB/c mice were used in the experiments, which were divided into CTLA4-Ig group (n = 16), CVB3 group (n=40), IgG group (n =40) and normal control group(n = 10) randomly. The mice in CVB3 group, IgG group and CTLA4-Ig group were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0. 15 ml CVB3 and the mice in norreal control group with 0. 15 ml Eagle. The mice in IgG group and CTLA4-1g group were inoculated with IgG (0. I mg/kg) and CTLA4-Ig(0. 1 mg/kg) at 6 h and 72 h post inoculation(p, i. ), respectively, The surplus mice in each group were sacrificed at day 7 p.i. Light microscope was used to quantify the inflammation. The expression of CVB3 mRNA in mycardium were semi-quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). The expression of CTLA4 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The levels of IL-2, IL-4 and 1FN-γ in serum were measured by ELISA. Results The mice mortality, histopathological score and CVB3 mRNA in CTLA4-Ig group were lower than that in CVB3 group ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0. 05, respectively). The expression of CTLA4 was significantly increased in CTLA4-Ig therapy group (P < 0.05 ). The serum level of IFN-γ of mice in CVB3 group were significantly higher than that in normal control group( P < 0.01 ). The serum level of IL-4 of mice in CVB3 group were much lower than that in normal control group( P < 0.01 ). The serum level of IL-2 in CVB3 group had no statistical significance with that in normal control group ( P > 0.05 ). The serum level of IFN-γ in mice of CTLA4-Ig group were much lower than that in CVB3 group ( P <0.01 ) and lgG group (P < 0. 01 ). The serum level of IL-4 of mice in CTLA4-Ig group were significantly higher than that in CVB3 group (P<0.01) and IgG group (P<0.01). The serum level of IL-2 in CTLA4-Ig group had no statistical significance with that in CVB 3 control group and lgG group ( P > 0. 0 5 ) . Conclusion CTLA4-Ig may relieve inflammation and reduce mice mortality by blocking the costimulation signals for T lymphocyte activation and reinforcing Th2 response.

Cadherins ; genetics ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans