Aged ; Diastole ; Female ; Humans ; Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To investigate the value of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A5) * 3 gene polymorphism in providing individualized administration for the use of tacrolimus (Tac) in renal transplantation recipients.Method Pyrophosphate sequencing method was used to determine the CYP3A5 * 3 genotype of renal transplant patients in the first day after surgery.Sixty recipients were divided into experiment group and control group.Both groups of patients were routinely given the initial dose of Tac-4.0 mg/day in the first day after surgery.The experiment group of patients were given different doses of Tac based on the different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes at the third day after surgery [for AA:0.12 mg/(kg· day),and for GG:0.06 mg/(kg· day)],and the control group of patients were given different dosages of Tac according to drug concentration.Different parameters were compared between two groups of patients:percentage of patients reaching the target concentration (3-8 μg/L) at the fifth day after surgery,days required to reach the target concentration level,times needed to adjust the dosage of Tac within two weeks.Result The percentage of patients reaching the target concentration in experiment group and control group was 90％ and 46.67％,respectively (P＜ 0.05).Days required to reach the target concentration were (3.67 ± 1.32) and (7.57 ± 3.42) on average,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Times of adjusting the Tac dose in experiment group was significantly less than those in the control group (P＜0.05).In the experiment group,the target concentration was obtained even without dosage adjustment (70％).Conclusion Individualized adjustment of Tac doses for patients according to recipients' different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes is beneficial for reaching target concentration as soon as possible,which is superior to traditional dosage regimen.

Adult ; Aneurysm ; surgery ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Pacemaker, Artificial

Objective:To identify the tannin-related constituents in the extracts of pomegranate peel by HPLC-ESI-MS. Methods:The separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) with the mobile phase of water and acetonitrile. The flow rate was maintained at 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 256nm. The samples were analyzed in negative modes. Results:Five tannin-related constituents including gallic acid, punicalin,punicalagin,corilagin and ellagic acid were identified from the extracts of pomegranate peel. Conclusion:The new method is accurate and rapid. It can be used to identify the tannin-related constituents in pomegranate peel and provide new ideas for the research of active components in traditional Chinese medicine as well.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; Interleukin-1beta ; NF-kappa B ; Osteoarthritis/drug therapy* ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The internal-loop granular sludge bed nitrifying reactor is a new type of aerobic nitrifying equipment and has taken on a good potential for nitrification. The critical aerating flux for liquid loop and critical aerating flux for fluidization of granular sludge are two important parameters for its operation. The relationship between liquid superficial velocity in riser (U1r) and aerating flux(Ugr) was studied, the model parameters were measured by experiment, and the relational expression was established. According to the model, the critical aerating flux for liquid loop and the critical aerating flux for fluidization of granular sludge were calculated as 1.017cm/min and 2.662cm/min, respectively. The experimental data from reactor operation showed that the two calculated critical aerating fluxes near the practical values. So they could be used to direct the design and operating optimization for the internal-loop granular sludge bed nitrifying reactor.
Bacteria, Aerobic ; metabolism ; Bioreactors ; Nitrites ; metabolism ; Sewage ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods

Objective To establish a method for determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba. Methods UV-visible spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of the content of phenylethanoid glycosides compounds in Plantago Herba. HPLC method was used for the determination of acteoside in Plantago Herba. Chromatographic column with C18 ODS2 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) was used. Acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid (13:87) was as mobile phase; the flow rate was 1 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 332 nm; the column temperature was 30 ℃; the sample volume was 10 μL. Results The contents of phenylethanoid glycoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas were among 1.03%–3.47%. Acteoside with peak area over the 0.0062–1.55 mg range showed a good linear relationship; the sample recovery rate was 98.9%, and the RSD was 1.6%. The contents of acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas was among 0.18%–0.56%. Conclusion The method is simple, stable and reproducible, which can be used for the determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas and provide experimental basis for quality control of Plantago Herba.

The optimum fermentation conditions of Asp.niger FS25 producing ?-glucanase was as follows,medium compositi on(g/100mL):barley flour 6,corn liquid 2,bran 0 8(NH 4) 2SO 4 0 4,FeSO 4 ?7H 2O 0 01,Na 2HPO 4?3H 2O 0 1,CaCO 3 0 5,MgSO 4?7H 2O 0 03;i nitial pH 5 0,cultivate temperature 32℃,50mL medium volume in 250mL triangle flask.The ?-glucanase activity of fermentation fluid reached 80 1u/mL,increa sing 84 1% contrasted to the initial.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the position change of the fibular bone after maxillary reconstruction by free fibular flap and to analyze the factors affecting the position change. METHODS: Patients who underwent maxillary reconstruction by free fibular flap in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from November 2012 to November 2016 were enrolled in this study. CT scans 1 week and 1 year postoperatively were collected and stored in DICOM format. The ProPlan CMF software was used to reconstruct the CT scans and separate the maxilla and each segment of the fibular flap. The Geomagic Control software was used to measure the long axis direction vector of each fibular segment. And the position change direction was recorded. The patients were divided into groups according to the use of the fibula or titanium plate to reconstruct the zygomaticmaxillary buttress. RESULTS: A total of 32 patients were enrolled. Among them, 21 were in the titanium plate group and 11 in the fibula bone group. The angle between the long axis of the fibular segment and the X axis in the X-Y plane was 95.65°±53.49° and 95.53°±52.77°, 1 week and 1 year postoperatively, and there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). The angle between the long axis of the fibular segment and the X axis in the X-Z plane was 96.88°±69.76° and 95.33°±67.42°, respectively, with statistical difference (P=0.0497). The angular changes of the long axis of the fibular segment in the titanium plate group and the fibular bone group were 3.23°±3.93° and 1.94°±1.78°, respectively, and the angular changes in the X-Z plane were 6.02°±9.89° and 3.27°±2.31°, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). The long axis changes of the fibular segment in the X-Y plane for reconstruction of the anterior alveolar, posterior alveolar, and buttress were 3.13°±3.78°, 2.56°±3.17°, and 5.51°±4.39°, respectively. There was a statistical difference (P = 0.023) between the posterior and buttress. In the X-Z plane, theses were 4.94°±4.75°, 5.26°±10.25°, 6.69°±6.52°, respectively. There was no statistical difference among the three groups (P>0.05). The main positional deviation directions of the titanium plate group and the fibular bone group were interior and superior sides, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION One year postoperatively, the position of the free fibular flap was changed compared with 1 week postoperatively. The position of the free fibular flap was mainly changed to the interior and superior sides.
Bone Transplantation ; Fibula/diagnostic imaging* ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Mandibular Reconstruction ; Maxilla/surgery*

Genome-wide association study is an important approach to identify common genetic variants that predispose to human disease. Because of the high cost of genotyping on hundreds of thousands of markers on thousands of subjects, a more cost-effective two-stage case-control design is applied by most genome-wide association studies. To describe the design and statistical methods of the two-stage case-control study, this paper introduces the principles of two-stage case-control design, its implementing steps in genome-wide association study and the features of its application.The method is illustrated with an example.