Animals ; Birds ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Hong Kong ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza in Birds ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Poultry ; Public Health ; Public Health Administration

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of acute sporadic hepatitis E.Methods 109 cases of hepatitis E were investigated to collect the information on epidemic history and other health behaviors and the rate was used to describe the data.Results Of 67.3%(109/162) cases of hepatitis E in 2008 of Taizhou,the male to female ratio was 1∶0.31.Among the 109 cases,illiterates and semi-illiterates accounted for 47.7% and the proportion of rural workers was 78.0%.87.2% cases had an average monthly incomes below 1 000 Yuan and 45.9% cases occurred from February to April.47.7% cases had meals in small restaurants,and the rates of unhealthy foods and business travelling were 36.7% and 16.5% within 15 to 75 days before onset of the disease.64.2% cases had poor habits of washing hands before meals.Conclusions The occurring of hepatitis E were reported from February to April in Taizhou and most cases came from rural residents between 30 to 60 with low income and lower educational levels.The top three exposure risk factors were the history of eating outside,unhealthy foods and business travelling.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in cancer metastasis,and is relevant to the inflammatory microenvironment.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS),a cell wall constituent of gram-negative bacteria,has been reported to induce EMT of cancer cells through TLR4 signal.We previously reported that LPS promoted metastasis of mesenchymallike breast cancer cells with high expression of cyclin D 1 b.However,the role of cyclin D1b in LPS-induced EMT has not been fully elucidated.In the present study,we described that cyclin D1b augmented EMT induced by LPS in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Cyclin D1b markedly amplified integrin αvβ3 expression,which was further up-regulated under LPS stimulation.Our results showed ectopic expression of cyclin D1b promoted invasiveness of epithelial-like MCF-7 cells under LPS stimulation.Additionally,LPS-induced metastasis and EMT in MCF-7-D1b cells might depend on αvβ3 expression.Further exploration indicated that cyclin D1b cooperated with HoxD3,a transcription factor promoting αvβ3 expression,to promote LPS-induced EMT.Knockout of HoxD3 repressed LPS-induced EMT and αvβ3 over-expression in MCF-7 cells with high expression of cyclin D1b.Specifically,all these effects were in a cyclin D1a independent manner.Taken all together,LPS up-regulated integrin αvβ3 expression in MCF-7 cells with high expression of cyclin D 1b and induced EMT in breast cancer cells,which highlights that cyclin D1b may act as an endogenous pathway participating in exogenous signal inducing EMT in breast cancer cells.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of Jinlong capsule combined with chemotherapy or radio-therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS) using Meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases were all searched without language restriction, and searching time was from January 1990 to July 2015. All eligible published studies were included in this study for quality assessment and data extraction. All the data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. A total of ten studies including 736 subjects (370 in Jinlong capsule plus chemoradiotherapy and 366 in chemoradiotherapy only) were finally included in this Meta-analysis. The result of Meta analysis showed that compared with pure chemoradiotherapy group, Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the patients' curative effect (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.29-2.43, P < 0.05), clinical benefit rate (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22-2.91, P < 0.05), life quality improvement rate (OR = 2. 56, 95% CI: 1.61-4.05, P < 0.05), and decrease leucopenia incidence rate (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0. 22-0.56, P < 0.05) and gastrointestinal reaction rate (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.40-1.11, P < 0.05). The pooled results showed that Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the curative effect and life quality, and decrease the adverse reaction of patients.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy

Background and purpose:LMP1 was one of the protein encoded by EBV latent gene,which was found to be able to transform cell lines and alter the phenotype of cells due to its oncogenic potential.In human epithelial cells,LMP1 alters many functional properties that are involved in tumor progression and invasions.In this study we investigated the influence of LMP1 silence on AP-1 signal transduction pathway and its downstream factors involved with cell transformation,proliferation and apoptosis.Methods:The chemically synthetic siRNA targeting LMP1 was transfected into EBV positive gastric carcinoma epithelial cell line by lipofectamine 2000 at 50 nmol/L final concentration.The protein expression of c-Jun,JunB and CDK4 was tested by,Western blotting.The mRNA of c-Jun,surviving,CDK4 and MMP9 mRNA were tested by RT-PCR.The expression of survivin were tested by immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with the cell control,CDK4 mRNA was up regulated(P

Objective To compare the biomechanical effect of three fixation instruments for SchatzkerⅥtibial plateau fractures.Methods Twenty four fresh knee specimens were made into models of SchatzkerⅥtibial plateau fractures.The specimens were divided randomly into three groups.Group A were fixed with a lateral periar- ticular plate and a posteromedial antiskid plate,and group B with a lateral periarticutar plate and an anteromedial lim- ited contact dynamic compression plate(LC-DCP),and group C with a lateral periarticular plate and a medical exter- nal fixator.Each model was tested for its biomechanical performance in resisting compression,bending and rotation. Results The performance of group B was higher than group A in anti-compression,anti-bending and anti-rotation, and group C was the poorest,there was no significant difference between group A and group B,and there was signifi- cant difference between group B and group C.Conclusion The biomechanical performance of group B was good. The method might have clinical applications in the treatment of SchatzkerⅥtibial plateau fractures.

Background and purpose: The Writ cell-signaling pathway is the key cellular developmental pathway. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is an important tumor suppressor gene of the Writ signaling pathway. The methylation of APC promoter and the accompanying loss of the APC transcript have been shown to occur in a significant proportion of cancers. However, there are few reports on the relationship between cervical cancer and methylation of APC. This study was aimed to investigate the promoter methylation status of the APC genes in cervical cancer and its correlation between clinicopathologic characteristics and the infection of high-risk HPV DNA. Methods: Promoter methylation was evaluated using a MSP (methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction) in 95 cervical cancer tissue specimens and 20 normal controls. The relationship between clinicopathologic parameters and the methylation status was evaluated. Results: The frequencies of promoter methylation of APC in cervical cancer were 56.8%. Cervical cancer had significant higher methylation frequencies than that of the controls (10%, P<0.01). The result showed that the methylation analysis of APC promoter and high-risk HPV DNA testing had good consistency (Kappa=0.348, P<0.001). The promoter methylation of APC was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (AC) than in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (74.1% vs 50.0%, respectively, P<0.05). The larger tumor size, positive lymph node metastasis and positive HPV DNA exhibited an increased promoter methylation frequency for APC (P<0.05). There were no significant associations between the methylation frequencies for APC gene to age, invasion depth, FIGO stage and histological grade. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the promoter methyiation of APC and high-risk HPV DNA testing had good consistency. APC gene promoter methylation was a frequent epigenetic event in cervical carcinoma and had a significant correlation with cancer pathological types.

Objective Hepatic artery (HA) reconstruction is one challenging procedure in pediatric liver transplantation (PLT).Here we review the first 115 microsurgical reconstructions of HA in PLT performed by a single surgeon,aiming to demonstrate the learning curve and the problems encountered.Methods From July 2016 to January 2017,a series of 115 microsurgical reconstructions of HA in PLT for end-stage liver disease were finished by one single surgeon with 4-year liver surgery experience and 2-week microsurgical training.HA reconstruction was performed with an operating microscope (Carl-Zeiss S88).Reconstruction was completed with interrupted sutures with 8-0 or 9-0 Prolene using the double clip for fixation.The blood flow was examined by Doppler scan daily after PLTs in first week and then once in 2nd week and first month for patency.A total of 143 artery anastomoses were performed in 115 PLTs.The age ranged from 3 months to 9 years.Indications for PLT included biliary atresia (105/115),Alagille syndrome (5/115),PFIC (3/115),Caroli disease (1/115),methylmalonicacidemia (1/115) and glycogen storage disease (1/115).Most of the PLTs were living donor liver transplantation (107/115),along with OLT (5/115) and split LT (3/115).Results The diameter of the arteries was mostly less than 2 mm (98/115).Up to date,one HA thrombosis (HAT) occurred at D8 after LT and 4 cases suspected as temporal HA stenosis (HAS) around 2 weeks after LT,which manifested as low velocity (<20 cm/s) and resistance index (<0.50) by Doppler.The HAT case failed in emergent re-anastomosis,but had a spontaneous recanalization at 3 weeks and is now in good condition without biliary problem.All the HAS children recovered to normal flows at first month.All children with HA complications started warfarin upon detection,with a targeted INR between 1.5-2.0.There were 6 deaths in this series including 5 cases of infections and 1 case of graft failure.Learning curve suggested a two phases growth (first 44 cases practicing phase vs.next 71 cases mature phase),which can be attributed to experience accumulation in terms of precise of manipulation,choice of inflow arteries for better match and stronger pulsation,avoidance of length redundant,prevention of kink.All the HAT and HASs happened in practicing phase while outcomes were excellent in mature phase.Moreover,time for each anastomosis was significantly shortened in second phase from 45-70 min to 30-55 min.Conclusion Microsurgical technique is highly safe in pediatric HA reconstruction,especially for very tiny arteries.It is possible to achieve low risk of complications for a new surgeon with adequate experience in liver surgery and microsurgical training.However,more surveillance and timing anticoagulation therapy is required before the mature of microsurgical technique.

Objective To evaluate endometrial biopsy and curettage in detecting small nerve fibers in eutopic endometrium for diagnosis of endometriosis.Methods Endometrial biopsies and curettings were taken in 65 women with menorrhalgia.Endometrial nerve fibers were immunohistochemically detected using the pan-neuronal marker PGP 9.5.All patients underwent laparoseopie approach.Results The specificity,sensitivity,positive and negative predictive value were 100% of endometrial biopsy and curettings for diagnosis of endometriosis.Condusions Careful endometrial biopsy combined with immunohistochemical staining for nerve fibers may be a reliable means of diagnosing or excluding endometriosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of acupuncture for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage at the early stage.

METHODSFifty-four cases of small-amount cerebral hemorrhage were randomized into an acupuncture group and a conventional treatment group, 27 cases in each one. In the conventional treatment group, special care, oxygen therapy, nerve nutrition and symptomatic support were applied. In necessary, dehydrant and hypotensive drugs were prescribed for antihypertension, or surgery was given. In the acupuncture group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, acupuncture was applied at Quchi (LI 11), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taichong (LR 3). Acupuncture was given at the admission, 4 h, 6 h and 12 h after disease onset respectively. Blood pressure was monitored in the whole procedure. 6 h and 24 h after disease onset, the cranial CT was re-examined. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), hematoma volume and neurological deficit score were compared at different time points between the two groups.

RESULTS(1) Blood pressure: from the admission to 12 h after disease onset, SBP, DBP and MAP were increased apparently in the conventional treatment group and increased slightly in the acupuncture group. The differences in SBP [(164.3 +/- 21.6) mmHg vs (158.6 +/- 21.5) mmHg] and MAP [(113.4 +/- 4.9) mmHg vs (106.7 +/- 6.1) mmHg] were significant between the two groups (both P < 0.05). From 12 h to 24 h after disease onset, compared with the conventional treatment group, SBP and MAP were decreased apparently in the acupuncture group [(147.3 +/- 21.6) mmHg vs (158.4 +/- 23.5) mmHg, (97.2 +/- 5.3) mmHg vs (106.6 +/- 5.1) mmHg, both P < 0.05)]. (2) Hematoma volume: from the admission to 6 h after disease onset, the volume was increased by (4.15 +/- 0.73) mL in the convertional treatment group and (2.67 +/- 0.33) mL in the acupuncture group, indicating the significant difference in comparison (P < 0.05). From the admission to 24 h after disease onset, it was increased by (5.57 +/- 1.26) mL in the convertional treatment group and (3.14 +/- 1.18) mL in the acupuncture group, indicating the significant difference in comparison (P < 0.05). (3) Neurological deficit score: the score was increasing gradually in first 3 days after disease onset in the two groups. The score (38.39 +/- 6.84) in the acupuncture group on the first day was different significantly as compared with that (42.37 +/- 7.46) in the conventional treatment group (P < 0.05). On the 10th days, the score (24.68 +/- 5.42) in the acupuncture group was different significantly from that (29.74 +/- 7.36) in the convertional treatment group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is no peak of blood pressure rising, and the continuous hemorrhagic volume is less in 24 h and neurological deficit score is improved in the acupuncture group. Acupuncture brings the positive significance in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage at the early stage.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Hematoma ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged