ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the treatment of neodymium-yttrium aluminum garne (Nd:YAG) vitreolysis for the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens.MethodsForty-nine eyes of 47 patients with the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens received the slit lamp examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and B-scan. The anterior vitreolysis and posterior capsulotomy were performed simultaneously with Nd:YAG laser. The outcomes of visual acuitiy changes and complications were studied. ResultsIn 49 eyes, 46 had anterior vitreous opacity associated with posterior capsule opacification, and the other 3 without obvious posterior capsule opacification. In all patients, the visual acuity improved significantly without any complications after the laser procedure (t=32.50, P=0.007). After Nd:YAG laser treatmen, transparent area was found in anterior opaque vitreous in 21 eyes (42.86%) within 15 minutes, and in 47 eyes (95.92%) within 24 hours. No complication occured in or after the operation. ConclusionsIn the patients with visual deterioration after implantation of intraocular lens, the prescence of anterior vitreous opacity should be concerned. Opening the opaque anterior vitreous with Nd:YAG vitreolysis is effective for the patients with the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens.

Central serous chorioretinopathy( CSC) is an important cause for central vision loss. It mostly occurs in young and middle-aged men. It is a condition characterized by a serous detachment of neurosensory retina at the posterior pole and leakage from the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE ) . Most patients with acute CSC will resolve spontaneously. However, in cases of chronic CSC with persistent serous retinal detachment, patients might develop progressive vision loss. This article was made a brief review of the current treatment methods, including laser, photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) , intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.

Objective Currently,the sit-to-stand process is not well evaluated.The aim of the study is to evaluate quantitatively the reliability of posturographic parameters in the sit-to-stand process.Methods Seventy-four healthy participants were enrolled and required to finish 20-second sitting,standing and the sit-to-stand process.The computer calculated the posturographic parameters automatically.The test was repeated twice to assess the reliability at an interval of six days.Results During sitting and standing position,the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of all the parameters were above 0.50,indicating a good or fair reliability.During the standing stance and sitting phase of the sit-to-stand process,the ICCs of all the parameters were above 0.40 and 0.60 respectively,showing a good or fair reliability.Conclusions Sit-to-stand posturographic parameters are a new way to assess the position control ability among the healthy participants with a good reliability.Further study should be conducted among patients to result in better functional and effectiveness evaluation.

BackgroundHigh myopia is one of leading causes of blindness,so far the pathogenesis remains unclear.Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of rs6885224 and rs12716080 in CTNND2 gene were recently found to be associated with high myopia in Singaporean Chinese.But whether these SNPs are related with the pathogenesis of high myopia in Han Chinese is worth studying,Objective This study was to investigate the relationship between the genetic variations of the CTNND2 gene and high myopia in Han Chinese.MethodsA case-controlled association study was designed.Nine hundred and thirty-three individuals with high myopia and 1227age- and gender-matched normal subjects were included in this study.The 5 ml of periphery blood was obtained from all subjects for the extraction of genomic DNA.The target DNA was amplified using PCR and purified by the SNaPshot method.Four SNPs rs12716080,rs917012,rs6885224 and rs16901340 in the CTNND2 gene were genotyped.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Sichuan Provincial People Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before his/her enrollment.Results The frequencies of the genotypes rs6885224,rs12716080,rs917012,rs16901340 SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) ( P=0.181,0.085,0.732,0.313,0.264,0.663,0.084,0.196).There were no significant differences in genotypes frequency distribution ( in turn P =0.654,0.406,0.828,0.403 ) and allele frequency distribution of the CTNND2 gene ( in turn P =0.377,0.209,0.743,0.198) between the high myopia group and normal control group.The haplotypes (TA and GA)frequencies of rs12716080 and rs917012 in the high myopia group were significantly different from those of the normal control group(TA:0.784 vs.0.719;GA:0.087 vs.0.136) (x2 =6.115,P=0.013 ;x2 =6.634,P=0.010),but those of GG were similar between the high myopia group and normal control group ( 0.123 vs.0.143,x2 =0.889,P =0.346). ConclusionsThe SNPs rs12716080,rs917012,rs6885224 and rs16901340 in CTNND2 gene were not responsible for high myopia,however,the haplotypes of rs12716080 and rs917012 are susceptible for high myopia in Han Chinese.

Background:Inflammatory bowel disease( IBD)is a group of chronic and non-specific intestinal inflammatory diseases of undetermined origin. Functional impairment of macrophages has been associated with the dysregulation of mucosal immunity in intestinal tract of patients with IBD. Aims:To investigate the correlation of serum levels of macrophage polarization-related cytokines with the development and disease activity of IBD. Methods:A total of 105 IBD patients admitted from May 2013 to May 2014 at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital were recruited,of them 65 were Crohn’s disease (CD)and 40 were ulcerative colitis( UC). Twenty-four patients with colonic polyps were served as controls. Serum samples were obtained and the levels of interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-10,IL-13,interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were determined by ELISA method. Results:Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-γ were significantly higher in CD group than in control group(P < 0. 05),and serum levels of IL-10,IL-13 and IFN-γ were significantly higher in UC group than in control group(P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that serum IL-13(OR = 1. 009,P = 0. 005)and iNOS( OR = 0. 982,P = 0. 013)were correlated with CD,while Spearman correlation coefficient demonstrated a link between serum IL-10 and disease activity of CD(rs = - 0. 432,P =0. 014). No correlations were observed between serum levels of these cytokines and development and disease activity of UC (P > 0. 05). Conclusions:Serum levels of macrophage polarization-related cytokines increase to varying degrees in IBD patients,but these cytokines have no obvious correlations with IBD and its disease activity. Presumably,theses cytokines are only involved in but not the triggers in the development of IBD.

Objective To study the clinical value and the safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP)for chronic pancreatitis in the pediatric population.Methods Clinical data,endo-scopic reports,and radiography of chronic pancreatic patients aged from 2 to 17 years old who underwent ERCP between Jan.1,2008 and Apr.30,2014 at Endoscopy Center of Ruijin Hospital were reviewed.These patients were divided into 3 groups,patients aged from 2 to 6 years old as children group(n =27),patients aged from 7 to 12 years old as juvenile group(n =35)and patients aged from 13 to 17 as adolescent group(n =25). Their clinical data and complications were analyzed by groups.Results A total of 170 ERCP procedures were performed in 87 patients,with the success rate of 99.4%(169 /170).All patients were diagnosed as having chronic pancreatitis by ERCP.Success rates of children group,juvenile group and adolescent group were 97.6%(40 /41),100.0%(72 /72)and 100.0%(57 /57)respectively.There was no statistically significance among the three groups(P =0.207).No serious complications like bleeding or perforation occurred.No proce-dure-related mortality occurred in this study either.The rate of post-ERCP adverse events in children group, juvenile group and adolescent group were 41.5%(17 /41),25.0%(18 /72)and 24.6%(14/57),respective-ly.Children group had more adverse events than the juvenile group(P =0.039)and adolescent group(P =0.045).Conclusion Pediatric ERCP is highly effective in the pediatric population with chronic pancreatitis. The incidence of post ERCP adverse events is higher among the youngest children.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of budesonide (BUD) on RORγt expression in the pulmonary tissue of asthmatic mice and mechanisms of BUD in the treatment of asthma.

METHODSBlab/c asthmatic mouse model was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Thirty female mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, asthmatic and BUD-treated. IL-17 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were measured using ELISA. Total and differential cell counts in BALF were measured. Airway inflammation was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. IL-17 mRNA and RORγt mRNA expression were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSRORγt mRNA and IL-l7 levels in the asthmatic group were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.01). BUD treatment significantly decreased RORγt mRNA and IL-l7 levels compared with the asthmatic group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, total, neutrophil and eosinophil cell count in BALF increased significantly in the asthmatic group (P<0.01). After BUD treatment, counts of total, neutrophil and eosinophil cells in BALF were significantly reduced (P<0.01) and were similar to in the control group. Inflammatory reactions in the respiratory tract were significantly alleviated in the BUD treated group.

CONCLUSIONSRORγt and IL-l7 levels in the pulmonary tissue of asthmatic mice increase and this may be associated with the pathogenesis of asthma. BUD can inhibit RORγt and IL-17 and thus reduces lung inflammation.

Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Bronchodilator Agents ; pharmacology ; Budesonide ; pharmacology ; Female ; Interleukin-17 ; analysis ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy of He-wei Jie-gu (Chinese characters) decoction on femoral intertrochanteric fractures after internal fixation in elderly.

METHODSFrom January 2010 to January 2012, 90 elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in experimental group were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, He-wei Jie-gu decoction and Caltrate D in oral, including 18 males and 27 females with an average age of (77.8±11.3) years old ranging from 65 to 89 years old;the time from injured to operation was 2 to 9 days with an average of (6.6±2.1) days; according to Evans-Jensen classification, 17 cases were in type I, 8 in type II, 15 in type III, 3 in type IV, 2 in type V. Meanwhile, the patients in control group were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, Caltrate D in oral, including 16 males and 29 females with an average age of (81.2±9.6) years old ranging from 67 to 91 years old; the time from injury to operation was 2 to 10 days with an average of (6.8±2.6) days; according to Evans-Jensen classification, 15 cases were in type I, 10 in type II, 14 in type III, 4 in type W, 2 in type V. The VAS score, hip BMD value before and after treatment, fracture healing and the Harris function score after operation were recorded and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 3 to 9 months with an average of (5.6±2.8) months. Compared with the control group, the VAS score of the experimental group had an obviously reduction (F=98.138, P<0.01) after treatment; the hip BMD value at 3 months after treatment in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the fracture healing rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); Harris score in 3 months of follow-up in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (t=2.542, P<0.05); all the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONHe-wei Jie-gu decoction can reduce postoperative pain and increase bone mineral density after internal fixation of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in elderly, promote the fracture healing and functional recovery in the hip joint.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Femur ; injuries ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Pain, Postoperative ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

The lacquer figure with meridian-points marked of the western Han dynasty, unearthed in Tianhui town, Jinniu district, Chengdu in 2012, has been the earliest and the most complete human figure of meridian-acupoints in China so far. There were over ten courses of meridians, and over 100 visible acupoints as well as multiple intaglio inscriptions. All of them are valuable in academic study. The writers introduced the lacquer figure un- earthed in Laoguanshan in terms of the briefs and characteristics of meridian and acupoint distributions, which give the references to the future studies.
Acupuncture ; history ; instrumentation ; Acupuncture Points ; China ; History, Ancient ; Human Body ; Humans ; Meridians

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on peripheral CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods Between October 2014 to August 2016,127 patients with AP including three types of severity (MAP,MSAP,SAP) admitted to the Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University consecutively were divided into two groups (the UTI group and control group).UTI was added to patients in UTI group.Treg cells were measured by flow cytometry,and the levels of IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results On the third and seventh day,the percentage of Treg in UTI group (MAP:2.72％ ±0.76％,2.26％ ±0.61％;MSAP:3.04％ ±0.74％,4.12％ ± 1.10％;SAP:4.41％ ±0.86％,5.38％ ± 1.13％) were higher than that of control group (MAP:2.08％ ±0.50％,1.83％ ±0.67％;MSAP:2.24％ ±0.89％,3.25％ ±0.70％;SAP:3.35％ ±0.85％,4.56％ ±0.73％),all P ＜0.05.For patients with MAP,the levels of IL-10 in UTI group (48.85 ± 15.46) were higher than control group (37.43 ± 13.36) only on the third day.For patients with MSAP and SAP,the levels of IL-10 in UTI groups (MSAP:32.95 ± 10.72,59.79 ± 20.09;SAP:22.48 ±3.67,30.91 ±8.74) were higher than control groups (MSAP:25.15 ± 10.05,36.66 ± 16.80;SAP:18.73 ±2.69,23.72 ±5.73) both on the third and seventh day (P ＜0.05).The effective ratio of the treatment in UTI groups were higher than control groups (92.2％ vs.79.4％).Conclusions Ulinastatin regulates the immune function and alleviates inflammatory response during AP by inducing the expansion of Treg cells.