ObjectiveTo compare the clinical characteristic and postoperative histopathological parameters in different prostate size and to assess the effect of prostate volume on histopathological outcomes in patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. MethodsTwo hundred and sixteen patients from 2006 to 2011 who were proved prostatic carcinoma by biopsy and performed laparoscopic radical prostatectomy wewe retrospectively evaluated.All patients were divided into the small group ( ＜ 30 ml,103 cases),intermediate group(30 -60 ml,71 cases) and large group ( ＞60 ml,42 cases) according to prostate volume.Clinical variables included age,body mass index (BMI),preoperative PSA level,prostate volume,percentage of positive needles,clinical stage,and biopsy Gleason score (GS).Histopathological parameters included pathological GS,upgrading or not compared to biopsy GS,pathological stage and surgical margins status.Preoperative clinical variables and postoperative histopatholgogical parameters were compared among the 3 prostate groups. ResultsPatients with smaller prostates had lower PSA levels than those with intermediate and larger prostates (P =0.000).They also had worse histopathological outcomes such as pathological GS ( P =0.034 ),upgrading of GS ( P =0.037 ),and pathological stage ( P =0.025 ).35.0％ of patients in smaller prostate group had a positive surgical margin compare to 33.8％ and 19.0％ in intermediate and larger prostate groups,but there was no significant difference (P =0.152).ConclusionMen with smaller prostate may have more high-grade cancer and more advanced disease after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bactericidal activity of recombinant human platelet phospholipase A2(RHP-PLA2)in vitro against S.aureus and the effects of different impact factors on the bactericidal activity of it.METHODS:The bactericidal activity of RHP-PLA2 was tested by agar plating method,and the impact factors(pH,Ca2+,Mg2+,negatively charged heparin)were determined.RESULTS:The minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of RHP-PLA2 killing 99% S.aureus was 0.08 ng?L-1.The bactericidal rates of PLA2 at MBC were 44.4%,99.8% and 99.5% respectively in the pH of 5.0,7.4 and 9.0.1 ～5 mmol Ca2+ was suitable for the bactericidal activity of the RHP-PLA2.The bactericidal activity of RHP-PLA2 can be completely inhibited by 5.12 mmol?L-1 EGTA,10 mmol?L-1 MgCl2 or 0.30?10-4 IU?L-1 heparin.CONCLUSIONS:The bactericidal activity of RHP-PLA2 is affected by pH and Ca2+ concentration in media.The cationic property of PLA2 is the key factor influencing its bactericidal activity.

Objective To observe the influence of environment stimulation on learning and memory ability and hippocampal pathology of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).Methods The models of HIBD SD rats were established by the method of Rice, and were divided randomly into three groups: enriched environment stimulation group (EE), impoverished environment stimulation group (IE), and standard environment stimulation group (SE). The sham-operation rats were served as control group. Different environment stimulation was administrated to the rats since day 1 after HIBD.On the day 28,Morris water maze was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability. HE staining and nissl stain were employed to observe the pathological change and the number of neurons in hippocampus of rats.Results The learning and memory ability of EE group was significantly higher than that of SE group (P0.05), and the ability of SE group was higher than that of IE group ( P0.05). The number of SE group was lower than that of Sham group (P

Objective:To study the action of Xinnaotong on adhesion molecule expression by cultured endothelial cells and platelets. Methods: Tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF ?) stimulated ICAM I expression on the cell surface was studied with human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC).Thrombin stimulated expression of platelet P selectin was studied with human blood platelets. Adhesion molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry. Results: ICAM I molecule expression on HUVEC was significantly stimulated by TNF ?. The stimulatory effect of TNF ? on HUVEC was inhibited by Xinnaotong(0.25～2g/L) in a concentration dependent manner. The same dose of Xinnaotong can inhibit the p selectin expression on human blood platelets stimulated by thrombin. Conclusion: Xinnaotong inhibites expression of adhesion molecues(ICAM I, p selectin) in HUVEC and in human blood platelets.

Objective To explore the mechanism of LMWH therapy for SAP.Methods 48 wistar rats were random divided into 3 groups,sham group(S group),severe acute pancreatitis group(SAP group)and LMWH therapy group(H group).Serum amylase,IL-6,acinar cell apoptosis and the activity of NF-κB were detected and compared.Results The expression of amylase and IL-6 in SAP group was significantly higher than that in H group(P＜0.01).The apoptosis index of acinar cell in SAP group wag significantly lower than that in H group(P＜0.01),while the activity of NF-κB in SAP groupwas stronger than that in H group.Conclusions LMWH therapy may ameliorate SAP by inducing acinar cell apoptosis through suppressing the activity of NF-κB.

Animals ; Arsenic ; toxicity ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; adverse effects

Objective:To assess the discrepancy between preoperative needle biopsy (NB)Gleason score and pathological specimen Gleason score (GS)after radical prostatectomy,and to explore the risk factors of postoperative upgrading of GS.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated 160 patients who suf-fered from biopsy proved prostatic carcinoma and performed radical prostatectomy.Age of the patients was 57 -82 years,with the average age of 71.6;prebiopsy prostate specific antigen (PSA)was 0.31 -40.32 μg/L,with the average PSA of 11.29 μg/L;body mass index (BMI)was 16.41 -32.04 kg/m2 , with the average BMI of 23.63 kg/m2;prostate volume (PV)was 9.52 -148.46 mL,with the average PV of 40.19 mL.All the patients included in the study had complete information for clinical variables, including age,BMI,prebiopsy PSA level,PV,number of biopsy cores obtained,percentage,clinical stage,and biopsy GS.Grading of NB Gleason score was compared with their corresponding radical pros-tatectomy specimens,and the discrepancy between the NB and prostatectomy specimens GS assessed. Upgrading was defined as any increase in the pathological GS over that of the biopsy GS as a total sum of primary and secondary grades or a change in the order of primary and secondary grades towards higher ones.Univariable and multivariable Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of patho-logical grading changes.Results:Of the 160 patients,the specimen GS was upgraded in 49 (30.6%) patients and remained with no change in 82 (51.3%)patients.Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed that prostate volume and biopsy GS were independent predictors with postoperative upgra-ding of GS.Age,BMI,PSA before needle biopsy,clinical stage and needle number showed no statistical significance (P >0.05).Conclusion:Lower biopsy GS and smaller prostate volume are increased risks for clinically upgrading of GS after radical prostatectomy.This fact should be kept in mind when deciding on therapy decisions for patients with prostate cancer.

Heterotrimeric G proteins are classes of signal-transducing proteins that bind to guanine nucleotides and possess GTP hydrolase activity. G proteins are composed of three subunits α, β, and γ, and are considered as the "molecular switch" in the GPCR signaling pathway. The abnormal activation of G protein is strongly related to diseases such as uveal melanoma, asthma, et al., making directly targeting G protein as an promising strategy for combating diseases. In this review, the classification and physiological functions of G protein are briefly described, and the research progress of G proteins in diseases, G protein modulators are reviewed.

Human erythropoietin receptor (hEPOR) plays an important role in regulating the red blood cell production by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of RBC from erythroid precursors, hEpoR is a transmembrane protein, and its extrocellular domain (sEpoR) is of great importance in Epo signal transduction pathway. We cloned the gene of sEpoR by RT-PCR from the total RNA of human fetal liver and expressed it in E. coli after insertion of the gene in the expression vector pBV220. The cloned gene was confirmed by sequencing analysis and gene product was confirmed by both Western blot and its first 11 amino acid residues sequence of the N-terminal. In vitro bioassay showed that the purified gene product can repress the growth of TF-cells in the presence of Epo.

Objective To compare three different internal fixations using dual plates in treatment of type C distal humerus fractures.Methods A total of 59 patients with type C distal humerus fractures fixed with dual plates between January 2004 and December 2008 were enrolled in the study,including 34 patients managed by perpendicular dual plate internal fixation (Group A),14 patients by dorsal dual plate internal fixation (Group B),and 11 patients by parallel dual plate internal fixation (Group C).Functional outcomes of injured elbow joints were assessed using Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS).Fisher' s exact probability,chi-square test and variance analysis were used to compare the perioperative variables among groups.Results The patients were followed up for average 28 months (range,12-55 months),which showed that all fractures were smoothly healed with satisfactory curative effects in each group.There were no significant differences with respect to functional outcomes among three groups.The patients with surgery difficulty in Group C were more than those in other two groups.Besides,an additional intercondylar screw was always required in Groups A and B,but rarely in Group C.Conclusions All internal fixations with three dual plates are effective in management of type C distal humeral fractures.The location of plates is determined by experiences of orthopedic surgeons and specific fracture type.