Objective To investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the army old male hypertensive patients in Beijing. Methods From October 2011 to April 2014, old male patients in the geriatric department of the General Hospital of Chi-nese People's Liberation Army were enrolled and categorized into 3 groups: normotensive, well-controlled hypertensive and poorly-con-trolled hypertensive groups. The prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was recorded and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the differences among the groups. Results 719 old male patients were enrolled, 228 in normotensive group, 389 in well-con-trolled hypertensive group and 102 in poorly-controlled hypertensive group. Compared to normotensive group, there was more incidence of angina (OR=2.547, P<0.001), myocardial infarction (OR=2.493, P=0.003), cerebral thrombosis (OR=3.438, P=0.003) and peripheral artery atherosclerotic disease (OR=1.766, P=0.026) in the well-controlled hypertensive group, and it was more of angina (OR=4.123, P<0.001), la-cunar infarction (OR=2.810, P=0.020), cerebral thrombosis (OR=3.484, P=0.001) and peripheral artery atherosclerotic disease (OR=3.773, P<0.001) in the poorly-controlled hypertensive group. There was not significant difference of prevalence of cerebral hemorrhage (0.9%, 1%and 1%, respectively). Conclusion In the army old male hypertensive patients in Beijing, control rate of blood pressure was higher than com-mon population, but the prevalence of ischemic diseases was still higher than in the normotensive patients. Anti-hypertension and control of other risk factors could reduce the mobidity of cerebral haemorrahge.

Objective To investigate the usage of defluoridation stove and the formation of related behavior in the disease affected areas and the current situation of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis,to evaluate the control effect,so as to provide a theoretical basis for superior department to adjust the control strategy in time.Methods According to The Implementation Plan for Prevention and Treatment of Coal-burning-borne Endemic Fluorosis in Shaanxi Province,Ziyang and Langao in Ankang City were chosen for epidemiological survey.Using stratified sampling method,according to the degree of disease situation,each county was divided into 3 layers and then 5％ from each layer was extracted to carry out an investigation,respectively.The number of investigated village was at least 1,up to 30.The number in a non-endemic area was 1-3.Questionnaire survey of all residents was carried out to ask of the changes of cooking and heating fuel;the correct usage of the improved stove;the changes of life behavior related to the corn and pepper for human consumption and the development of prevention and treatment of post management.In endemic areas and in non-endemic areas,according to the Determination of Fluoride in Foods (GB/T 5009.18-2003),fluoride levels of corn (or rice) and chili which collected from 10 families were determined.Meanwhile,the criteria for Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis (WS/T 208-2011) was used to diagnose dental fluorosis and the criteria of Urine-determination of Fluoride-ion Specific Electrode Method (WS/T 89-1996) was used to evaluate urine fluoride;dental fluorosis of every child aged 8-12 was examined and 10 copies of urine samples were randomly collected in each age group.Housewives and students over the age of 16 in endemic areas were quizzed of the knowledge of health and diagnosed serious skeletal fluorosis according to The Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Fluorosis (WS 192-2008).Results The rates of correct usage of improved furnace and oven were 91.43％ (3 019/3 302) and 95.72％ (3 578/3 738).The autonomous maintenance rate of stoves was 0.61％ (49/7 998).In endemic areas,the correct drying rate and the correct storage rate of corn and pepper were all 100.0％ (300/300);the washing rate of corn and pepper before eating was 98.3％ (7 863/7 998).The fluoride median contents of corn and pepper was 0.800 and 2.863 mg/kg,respectively.In non-endemic areas,The fluoride median contents of corn and pepper was 0.443 and 4.065 mg/kg,respectively.The awareness rates of health knowledge were 81.27％ in housewives and 90.32％ in students.Dental fluorosis detection rate of 8-12 years old children was 12.52％ (87/695);the fluoride content was between 0.04-7.00 mg/L and the geometric mean value of fluoride content was 0.61 mg/L in endemic areas.There was no new case of serious skeletal fluorosis.Conclusions The prevention effect is obvious.Disease surveillance,health education and management of defluoridation stoves are keys to prevent coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis.

Objectives To investigate the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and explore the prevalence of the major CVD complications and trends in patients with COPD over a 10-year period.Methods Medical records in the PLA General Hospital,Beijing Union Medical College Hospital,and Beijing Hospital from 2000/01/01 to 2010/03/03 were retrospectively reviewed.A total of 4960 patients with COPD were reviewed in the study (3570 males,mean age,72.2 ± 10.5 years; 1390 females,mean age,72.0 ± 10.4 years).Results The prevalence of CVD in COPD patients was 51.7％.The three most prevalent CVDs were ischemic heart disease (28.9％),heart failure (19.6％),and arrhythmia (12.6％).During the 10-year study period,the prevalence of various CVDs in COPD patients showed a gradual increasing trend with increasing age.There was higher morbidity due to ischemic heart disease (P ＜ 0.01) in male COPD patients than in the female counterparts.However,heart failure (P ＜ 0.01)and hypertension (P ＜ 0.01) occurred less frequently in male COPD patients than in female COPD patients.Furthermore,the prevalence of ischemic heart disease decreased year by year.In addition to heart failure,various types of CVD complications in COPD patients tended to occur in younger subjects.The prevalence of all major types of CVD in women tended to increase year by year.Conclusions The prevalence of CVD in patients hospitalized for COPD in Beijing was high.Age,sex and CVD trends,as well as life style changes,should be considered when prevention and control strategies are formulated.

Objective: To identify the influencing factors (light, temperature, etc) of Guanxinning Injection (GXNI) in the storage and transportation process, and lay the foundation for the storage and transportation of GXNI. Methods: Taking the content of sodium danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and salvianolic acid B as quantitative indicators, combined with the common peak similarity analysis, principal component analysis, and relative content comparison in the fingerprint to evaluate the effect of different influencing factors on the main chemical composition of GXNI. Results: After low temperature treatment, the content of four compounds, such as senkyunolide I and senkyunolide H, were increased, the content of five compounds, such as vanillic acid and vanillin aldehyde, were reduced, the content of 13 compounds, such as protocatechuic aldehyde and ferulic acid, showed no significant changes. Under the freezing-thawing conditions, the content of four compounds, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, were increased, the content of seven compounds, such as vanillin acid and chlorogenic acid, was reduced, the content of 11 compounds, such as sodium danshensu and ferulic acid, showed no significant changes. Under high temperature, the content of seven compounds, such as sodium danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde, were increased, the content of 11 compounds, such as ferulic acid and rosmarinic acid, were reduced, the content of four compounds, such as chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, showed no significant changes. Under strong light conditions, the content of two compounds, such as senkyunolide H, were increased, the content of 16 compounds, such as ferulic acid and salvianolic acid B, were reduced, the content of four compounds, such as sodium danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde, showed no significant changes. Conclusion: High temperature and strong light will affect the components of GXNI, and some compounds will also be affected under freezing-thawing conditions. Thus, the GXNI should be stored under low temperature, but higher than 0 ℃.

Objective To assess the technical feasibility and efficacy of the combined application of a flexible,self-expanding neurovascular stent(Neuroform)and Gugliebni detachable coils(GDC)in the management of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms in humans.Methods Sixty-five wide-necked aneurysms which underwent 65 endovascular procedures were performed by using intracranial stent and GDC.There was a total of 30 aneurysms at basilar artery including 16 at the basilar tip,9 at the basilar trunk and 5 at the beginning of the basilar artery.And there were 30 aneurysms located at the posterior communicating artery, and 5 aneurysms located at the vertebral artery.The Neuroform stents were deployed to cover the neck of aneurysms.Another microcatheter was introduced into the aneurysm sac through the stent interstices and then detachable coils were released to embolize the aneurysms.Results The combined procedures were successful in all of the 65 patients with wide-necked aneurysms.The stent could pass smoothly through the intracranial artery and got released.Complete occlusion was achieved in 60 patients and incomplete occlusion in 5 patients.In-stent thrombosis occurred in 2 patients.All patients recovered well.Forty-two patients had followe-up angiography at 3 to 6 months after the procedure.Among them,no filling was found for the 39 aneurysms which were densely packed,and 3 aneurysms had neck remnant.Conclusion The implantation of Neuroform stent as a complimentary device to GDC coiling is easy and safe for embolization of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.It has great advantage for treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To find out the resistant situation and drug of Mycobacteria patients in Sichuan and offer foundation for clinical.Methods Two hundred randomized clinical isolates of Mycobacterium were determined by Roche drug sensitivity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.Results Of the 200 clinical isolates,192 stains were Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) (96.0％),8 strains (4.0％) were non-tuberculosis mycobacterium(NTM).Of the 192 MTB strains,108( 57.3％ ) sensitive strains and 84 (43.7％)stains were resistant to one or more than one drugs.Among these 84 resistant strains 23 were multi-drug resistant ( MDR,12.0％ ),4 were extensively drug resistant( XDR,2.1％ ).The anti-TB drug resistance rates were:SM(16.7％),INH(20.8％),RFP(17.2％),EMB(10.9％),PI(16.1％),LFX(8.8％),AMK ( 16.7％ ),CPM ( 6.2％ ),PTA ( 33.3％ ),respectively.Conclusion The resistance rate of tuberculosis keeps at a high level in Sichuan,especially the resistance rate of multiple (≥4) drug,we should oar attention.

The stable isotope labeling by amino acids in culture (SILAC) based quantitative proteomics serves as a gold standard because of the high accuracy and throughput for protein identifications and quantification. In this study, we discussed the application of SILAC technology in mammal model, and developed quantitative internal standard for comparative proteomics of disease model. The C57BL/6J mice fed by special diet containing the 13C6-Lysine and bred F2 generation. We identified and analyzed total proteins of 9 mice tissues of F2 generation, including brain, lung, heart, stomach, intestine, liver, spleen, kidney, and muscle. Quantitative analysis information could evaluate the mice and different tissues' labeling efficiency. Liver was the most efficient, brain the least, and the labeling efficiency were 96.34%±0.90% and 92.62%±1.98% respectively. The average of the labeling efficiency of F2 generation was 95.80%±0.64%, which met the international standard (≥ 95%) for SILAC quantitative proteomics effective study. SILAC technology was successfully extended to mammalian model system, which will provide powerful tools for the mechanism study of the pathophysiology process with mouse model.
Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Animals ; Diet ; veterinary ; Isotope Labeling ; Lysine ; chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Proteins ; chemistry ; Proteomics ; methods

Objective:To explore the category,prevalence and related factors of comorbidities associated with Tourette syndrome.Methods:125 patients with TS according to CCMD-3(Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders,3rd edition)were assessed with a self-designed family circumstance questionnaire,YGTSS,CBCL,Leyton obsessive-compulsive scale,and Conner's Child Behavior Checklist.Results:Of 125 TS patients,the comorbidities included attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD,41.6%),obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD,25.6%), anxiety disorders(8.0%),depressive disorders(4.8%),conduct disorders(8.0%),self-injurious behavior(3.2%),and sleep disorder(2.4%).Conclusion:There are many kinds of comorbid disorders at high prevalence in TS patients. These comorbidities adversely influence the therapy and prognosis of TS and are taken as the possible reasons for social function deficit.

BACKGROUNDHypertensive target organ damage (TOD) is the main reason for mortality or disability in elderly hypertensive patients. The studies on TOD of hypertension in Asia, especially in Chinese elderly hypertensive patients, are very limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and correlative factors of TOD in older Chinese hypertensive inpatients.

METHODSThis is a retrospective survey and data were collected from the computerized medical files of hypertensive inpatients from January of 1993 to December of 2008. The analysis was done on 17 682 inpatients, aged 60 years or older, with a diagnosis of essential hypertension (EH). The evidence of hypertensive TOD and associated factors with TOD were collected.

RESULTSThe prevalence of any hypertensive target organ involvement among these subjects was high. In multivariable Logistic regressions adjusted for potentially confounding factors, older age, male gender, diabetes, EH grade 3, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were independently associated with coronary artery disease. Age, duration of EH, EH grade 3, SBP, pulse pressure (PP), and homocysteine (Hcy) were independently associated with cerebrovascular disease. Age, diabetes, duration of EH, EH grade 3, SBP, PP and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were independently associated with chronic kidney disease. Male gender, EH grade 3 and SBP were independently associated with aortic dissection.

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of hypertensive TOD is high in older Chinese hypertensive inpatients. Various cardiovascular risk factors are associated with hypertensive TOD. The level of SBP and severe hypertension (grade 3 hypertension) are common independent risk factors of TOD.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Diseases ; blood ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; blood ; China ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; physiology ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Actins ; analysis ; Animals ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; analysis ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Liver ; cytology ; drug effects ; Liver Cirrhosis ; etiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar