Asthma ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-13 ; genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

According to the 2010 Chinese pharmacopeia, salt processed and charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex were pre- pared. HPLC-DAD analysis of the content of the bark and leaf of Eucommiae Cortex showed that the bark of Eucommiae Cortex mainly contained lignans such as pinoresinol glucose and iridoid including genipin, geniposide, geniposidic acid, while the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex consisted of flavonoids such as quercetin and phenolic compound such as chlorogenic acid. The content of pinoresinol diglucoside in the bark of Eucommiae Cortex was about 18 times more than that in the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex. The content of pinoresinol diglucoside in salted and charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex decreased approximately by 30% and 85%, respectively. The content of genipin, geniposide and geniposidic acid in the bark of Eucommiae Cortex was about 3 times, 23 times, 28 times more than that in the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex. The content of genipin, geniposide and geniposidic acid in salted Eucommiae Cortex were reduced by 25%, 40% and 40%, respectively. The content of genipin, geniposide and geniposidic acid in charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex were reduced by 98%, 70%, 70%, respectively. The content of caffeic acid in bark of Eucommiae Cortex was about 3 times more than that in the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex. The content of caffeic acid was decreased by about 50% in the salted Eucommiae Cortex. While the content of caffeic acid in charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex was decreased approximately 75%; the content of chlorogenic acid in bark of Eucommiae Cortex was about 1/6 of that in the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex. The content of chlorogenic acid in salted and charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex decreased by 40% and 75%, respectively; the content of quercetin in bark of Eucommiae Cortex was only 1/40 of that in the leaf of Eucommiae Cortex. The content of quercetin in salted and charcoal processed Eucommiae Cortex were reduced by 60% and 50%, respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Eucommiaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

Aristolochic Acids ; adverse effects ; Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrosis ; chemically induced

Objective:To study the characteristics of condylar path in the patients with severe dental attrition.Methods:Using D5A De nar fully adjustable articulator and the Pantronic recording system, the kinemat ic character of condylar paths of 15 patients with severe occlusal attrition was investigated. In addition, the effects of posterior condylar determinants on oc clusal rehabilitation were studied in 5 cases. Results: The mean intercondylar distance of the patients was (60.72?4.40) mm, and the immediate side shift (ISS) was 1.35 mm(right)and 1.24 mm(left),the progressive si de shift (PSS) were 14.65 degrees (right) and 17.11 degrees (left),respectively. The Pantronic protrusive condylar guidance (PRO) were 23.45 degrees (right) and 26.85 degrees (left); The Pantronic nonworking path (ORB) was 26.50 degrees and the Fisher angle was present between protrusive path and nonworking path. In th e 5 cases of occlusal rehabilitation ISS, PSS and Panotronic reproducibility ind ex (PRI) were decreased.Conclusion: Occlusal rehabilitation main ly affect ISS, PSS and PRI.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the HIV infections states in tumor patients for clinical diagnosis,treatment and to prevent HIV infection in the tumor hospital.METHODS The result of HIV detection in tumor patients from Dec 2000 to Aug 2006 was analyzed by the review statistics analysis.RESULTS Totally 48 101 tumor paients were detected,and the number of tumor patients with positive HIV antibody result was 51(0.106%).Among the positive patients there were 21 cases with blood transfusion history,14 cases with blood donating experience,2 cases with both these two kinds of experiences and 14 cases without the two kinds of experiences.Their rate was separately 41.0%,27.5%,4.0% and 27.5%.Most of the HIV positive patients had no clinical synptoms.CONCLUSIONS The HIV positive rate of patients with blood transfusion or blood donating is significantly higher than the patients without these experiences.The routine detection for the HIV before the operation,blood transfusion or other traumatic detection is very necessary.

Objective To investigate the effect of chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii on the spatial learning and memory capability in mice.Methods Toxoplasma tachyzoites(RH strain)were reanimated at 37 ℃ after 15 days' storage at-20 ℃,and injected intraperitoneally to mice of the experimental group each with 7.7?105.Normal saline was given to the control group,0.5 ml per mouse.Two months later,all mice were tested in the Morris Water Maze.Smears of the mice brain homogenate and pathological sections were examined.Results ① The density of cysts in the brain homogenate was 15/HP,and there was no evident pathological change in the hippocampus and adjacent areas of mice in the brain in the experimental mice.② Latency to platform,cumulative distance to the platform,total distance traveled in both experimental and control groups decreased significantly with the increase of training days(P

Objective To measure the proximal femoral parameters which can provide anatomic evidence for the design of internal fixation components for intertrochanteric fractures of femur.Methods Femoral speci- mens were harvested randomly from 120 healthy adult cadavers(left 60,fight 60).The neck shaft angle,greater trochanter slope length,tilt angle of greater trochanter,axial length of head and neck,lengths of upper and lower borders of the neck,and the minimum transverse diameter of the neck were measured.On the basis of the anatomic study,a two-claw plate was designed to treat 145 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fractures.Results The femoral neck shaft angle was 128.59??6.31?,femoral greater trochanter slope length was(5.5?0.58)cm,tilt angle of femoral greater trochanter was 42.76??5.20?,and axial length of head and neck was(9.42?0.38)cm. There was a correlation between the parameters.All the patients were followed up for a mean time of 23.6 months. The fractures got clinic union in 3 to 6 months.Two cases experienced detachment of claws and hooks but their final outcome was not affected.Three cases suffered coxa vara.All the other cases obtained normal motion function of hips and normal neck shaft angle.No breakage of claw,hook or nail was found in them.Conclusions It is necessary to design an internal fixator that can fit the anatomical features of Chinese femurs in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of femur.The two-claw plate designed by us is a good attempt to improve the clinical effect.

OBJECTIVETo study the accuracy of position estimation of right-sided double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs) without carinal hook in elderly patients according to the changes of inspiratory peak airway pressure (Ppeak), lung compliance (Cdyn), pressure-volume loop (P-V loop), and flow-volume loop (F-V loop).

METHODSNinety-six elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery were intubated with right-sided Mallinckrodt DLTs, the depth of which was determined based on the regressive equation. After 15 min of two lung ventilation (TLV), the Ppeak showed a more than 50% increase from the baseline in 22 patients when switching to one lung ventilation (OLV) with Cdyn less than 50% of the baseline and Ppeak in excess of 22 cmH(2)O. In these 22 cases, the position of the DLT was determined by fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) and adjusted to the precise position at 15 min of OLV.

RESULTSDLTs were inserted into the right middle bronchi in 19 cases and the right lower lobe bronchi in 3 cases. At 124-/+39 s after OLV, the SpO(2) began to decrease, and the Ppeak of OLV increased by 91.0% and Cdyn decreased by 62.7%. The slope of P-V curve was reduced and the P-V loop extended, with reduced increment of the expiratory limb and the area of the F-V loop, so that the tips of the DLT were withdrawn by 0.5 to 1.9 cm. The Ppeak of OLV increased only by 43.4% when DLT was in correct position, and was Cdyn decreased by 33.6% ( P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONWhen changes of Ppeak and Cdyn in excess of above guidelines occurs after switching from TLV to OLV in the elderly patients, FOB should be applied to determine the tip position of DLT before SpO(2) reduction takes place.

Aged ; Bronchoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Fiber Optic Technology ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Respiratory Mechanics ; Spirometry ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures

We put forward an image rendering system based on pipeline framework for processing and displaying medical images. Compared to original computer graphics algorithms divided into volume rendering and surface rendering, this framework can effectively comprehend methods of computer graphics and image processing, import some new concepts such as vertex buffer, pixel buffer and texture buffer. We implement Shaded Surface Display, Maximum Intensity Projection, Digitally Reconstructed Radiography, Multi planar Reformation, Curved Planar Reformation and Interactive Virtual Endoscopy in our new developed PACS image system.
Algorithms ; Computer Systems ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; Radiology Information Systems ; Software

In this paper, a low-cost PC-based, high-quality and interactive 3D stereoscopic medical visualization system is presented, which can be clinically used for diagnosis and surgical planning. The algorithms of direct volume rendering have been improved for realization with the programmable graphics hardware under PC environment. Local illumination, classification and non-polygonal iso-surface rendering are also incorporated into the system in appropriate consideration of both high-quality rendering and real-time interaction. The medical visualization system has been applied to the neurosurgical and orthopedic planning and the effectiveness has been clinically proved.
Algorithms ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Planning Techniques ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; User-Computer Interface