Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is a rare benign tumor that represents the epididymal component of von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome. A case of epididymal papillary cystadenoma is presented in a 36 years old man. He also had pancreatic cysts, the pancreatic component of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. His younger brother, who died of intracranial hemorrhage at age 27, revealed hemangioblastoma of the cerebellum, angioma of the retina and renal cell carcinoma on radiologic studies. These findings suggest familial occurrence of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.
Hemangioma

We have used BALB/c mice as an animal model for the study of anaphylactic hypersensitivity to the house dust mite. For the sensitization, BALB/c mice were injected with a single dose of extracts of Oermatophagoides farinae (D. pa) or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pt) mixed with adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide and Bordetella pertussis) intraperitonealy. On days of 15, 30, and 60 after the sensitization, the mice received a challenge dose of the same allergen intravenously to induce anaphylactic shock. The hypersensitivity reactions were scored by anaphylactic shock. And various immunological parameters, including cytokines and immunoglobulin isotypes, were studied in relation with the shock. A high level of anaphylactic shock was produced in the mice by both of the allergens, D, fa and D, pt, at 15 and 30 days after sensitization. In vitro Ag specific proliferative reponses of spleen cells from D. pt treated mice (D. pt mice) was six times higher than those from O. fa treated mice (O. fa mice). Regardless the differences in antigens, the production of IFN-r by spleen cells from D. pt mice or O. fa mice was equally high at 15 days after sensitization. However, the ability to produce IFN-r by the spleen cells from D, pt mice was three times higher compared to that from D. fa mice. The production of IL-4 by the spleen cells was enhanced slightly but not significant in both groups. In studies of the allergen-specific immunoglobulin isotypes in the sera of the mice, the level of IgE in both groups was enhanced slightly but not significant. In contrast, the level of IgG subtypes were increased in both groups. When the levels of IgG were compared by subtypes, the level of IgG1 increased significantly on day 15 when the anaphylactic shock score was maximized in both groups. Increase in IgG2a level at the day was not significant, instead, asignificant increase in IgG2 levels was observed on day 60 after sensitization when the anaphylaxis was almost discontinued. Although a higher level of IgG3 was examined on day 15 and 30 in D. pt mice and on day 60 in D, fa mice, anaphylaxis was not appeared to be associated with the levels of IgG3 in this study. The IgG1, rather than IgE, was assumed to the major factor involved in the anaphylactic response observed in this experiment. In conclusion, BALB/c mice would be an animal model for the study of anaphylactic hypersensitivity to D. fa or D, pt., which might be an essential tool for the future development of immuno-therapeutic agents.
Mice ; Animals

Lipoma is one of the unusual benign breast neoplasms and usually manifests at fatty breast of women at the age of 40 to 60. We experienced a case of large breast lipoma nearly replacing the whole left breast parenchymal tissue with mammographic finding of well-defined radiolucent mass, sonographic finding of hyperechoic mass with disorganized echopattern and computerized tomographic finding of very low attenuation mass, characteristic to adipose tissue, in a young woman of her dense breast.
Adipose Tissue ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoma* ; Ultrasonography

Thanatophoric dysplasia is the most common lethal congenital chondrodysplasia with characteristic features of narrow thorax, short rib, severe platyspondyly, short bowed limbs and skull deformity, etc. It is not a hereditary disorder and there is usually no family history of dysplasia. We experienced a case of thanatophoric dysplasia at 38 weeks of gestation with antenatal sonographic and abdominal radiographic findings of small thorax, short bowed extremities with surrounding thickened soft tissues and marked platyspondyly. Soon atter delivery, the baby died and post-mortem radiographs showed the characteristic findings of thanatophoric dysplasia.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Ribs ; Skull ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia* ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography

Male Breast cancer is an uncommon disease with an incidence of I per cent of all breast cancers. Male breast cancer usually appears as a small mass with well-defined contour which is eccentrically located in relation to the nipple on mammogram. We report a case of breast cancer in a 51-year-old man with mammographic appearance of large hyperdense mass with nipple inversion and axillary lymphadenopathy, gray-scale sonographic finding of homogeneous solid mass and mu Itiple tumor vessels with in the mass on color Doppler ultrasound.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast Neoplasms, Male* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Male* ; Middle Aged ; Nipples ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis, Tuberculous*

No abstract available.
Acinar Cells* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell* ; Parotid Gland*

OBJECTIVES: To understand the relationship between monthly household income and number of remaining teeth as an indicator of oral health, and to find the differences between middle-aged and older people in this respect. METHODS: This study was conducted on data extracted from the Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, which surveyed all Korean citizens in 2012. From these data, data of 4502 people about 40 years of age who completed the questionnaires and examination survey were selected and analyzed. This study investigated the main factors affecting the remaining teeth, and analyzed the moderating effect of age on the relationship between income level and remaining teeth. RESULTS: The average number of remaining teeth was 25.17 for middle-aged people and 15.95 for older people, which was significantly different. The number of remaining teeth for middle-aged people showed a significant relationship with income level, education level, and smoking habit. The number of remaining teeth in older people was related to the same factors, along with an additional factor of whether or not they underwent oral examinations. From the interaction analysis conducted to find the moderating effect of age on the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and income level, the number of remaining teeth was more affected by income level in older people than in middle-aged people. CONCLUSIONS: Income level was strongly related to oral health, particularly in older people. Therefore, it can be concluded that an oral health promotion policy is necessary for low-income people, particularly those in the older age group.
Diagnosis, Oral ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tooth*

We experienced two cases of convulsive seizure, accompanied with tachycardia and hypertension following spinal anesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy and skin graft. Spinal anesthesia was performed with teracaine, 10% dextrose solution and epinephrine. Tranexamic acid was used instead of 10% dextrose solution inadvertently. About 2 hours after spinal anesthesia, the patients developed spastic rigidity at the upper extremities and chest wall that progressed to episthotonus and seizure preceded by tachycardia and hypertension. About 40 hours after vigorous symptomatic treatment using mechanical ventilator, oxygen, short acting barbiturate, antihypertensive drugs and anticonvulsants, the patients had recovered completely with clear mental state. And they didn't show any other neurologic deficits except amnesia.
Amnesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anticonvulsants ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Epinephrine ; Glucose ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Oxygen ; Seizures* ; Skin ; Subarachnoid Space* ; Tachycardia ; Thoracic Wall ; Tranexamic Acid* ; Transplants ; Upper Extremity ; Ventilators, Mechanical

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the neurosurgeon's role in managing cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) has becomes rapidly challenged and overlapped with other specialists. Furthermore, the patterns of CVD and patient recruitment have also changed. We conducted a retrospective study regarding the practical trends of CVD with reference to the management paradigms at our institute. METHOD: We reviewed all the available data, including the annual reports, the daily department records, the medical records and the radiographic films of the CVD patients who had been admitted to our Neurosurgery Department during the five years between Jan. 2004 and Dec. 2008. RESULTS: The total numbers of CVD operations showed a slight initial increase, but then they remained steady for the latter 3 years. The number of cases of non-angiomatous hemorrhage has been relatively steady, regardless of surgery. The total numbers of treated aneurysms increased, but the main body of this increment was attributed to the initiation of endovascular treatment and increased identification of unruptured vascular lesions. Vascular malformations were sustained with a small number of cases due to referring them to other institutes for radiosurgery, except for the cases that required urgent hemorrhagic evacuation. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhagic CVDs tended to decrease either due to increasing identification before rupture or shifting such patients into a large volume hospital. The increasing awareness of ischemic CVD, the early detection of unruptured aneurysms, and the separation of medical responsibilities from neurologists have all pushed neurosurgeons to make treatment plans in a more cooperative fashion, instead of a competitive way. Neurosurgeons should be furnished with several revolutionary surgical options to widen their scope of managing patients with CVD.
Academies and Institutes ; Aneurysm ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Medical Records ; Neurosurgery ; Patient Selection ; Radiosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Specialization ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vascular Malformations ; X-Ray Film