OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the irrational use of drugs in the department of cardiovascular diseases.METHODS: The irrational use of drugs in the department of cardiovascular diseases from Nov,2007 to Aug 2008 was analyzed statistically.RESULTS: Of the total 194 inpatients(1 745 times in total) investigated,irrational use of antibiotics were found in 118 cases,accounting for 60.82% of the total inpatients or 6.76% in the total 1 745 times;26 cases involved irrational perioperative use of antibiotics,accounting for 1.49% of the total 1 745 times;76 cases had irrational use of non-antibiotics,accounting for 39.18% of the total inpatients or 4.36% of the total 1 745 times.The irrational drug use in the cardiovascular department witnessed an improvement ever since Feb 2008 when the full-time clinical pharmacists began their work in this department.CONCLUSION: The clinical pharmacists can enhance the clinical rational drug use level by summarizing experience and carrying out pharmaceutical care accordingly.

Animals ; Fructose ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Risk Factors

Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry

Objective To evaluate whether the prognosis of 6 months major adverse cardiac events(MACE)after acute myocardial infarction,and the reperfusion state of myocardial tissue are related to the white blood cell(WBC)count in elderly patients.Methods A total of 101 consecutive patients aged≥60 years(mean age 70?6 years)who had a primary percutaneous coronary intervention as their first-line therapy for ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)were enrolled, and both their WBC count on admission and ST-monitoring were available.A prospectively defined cut-off value of WBC count was 10,000/?l,a cut-off 50% measured after 60 min was used as ST -segment resolution(STR).Results The high WBC count group(n=48)showed the significantly higher(52.1% vs 22.6%,P＜0.01)incidence of 6 months major adverse cardiac events(MACE)than did the,low WBC count group(n=53).The low WBC count group had 45 patients with STR≥50%, high WBC count group had 23 patients with STR≥50%,STR after PCI was significantly different between the 2 groups(P＜0.01).Conclusions The WBC count is a predictor of the adverse outcome in elderly patients with STEMI.Furthermore,elevation in WBC count is associated with poor myocardial microcirculatory reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the effects of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the pathopoiesis mechanisms of paraquat poisoning in vitro.Methods Firstly,the survival rate of A549 cells (human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells) was measured with cell counting kit-8 after exposure to paraquat.Afterwards,the concentration of mtDNA in supernant of culture medium for culturing A549 and the chauge of mitochondrial membrance potential were detected with absolute quantitative PCR and confocal laser microscopy,respectively.Then,The chemotactic activity of mtDNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and neutrophils (PMN) were detected by transwell chemotaxis,and the subtype of chemotactic cells was measured with flow cytometry.Meanwhile,the role of mtDNA in vascular permeability was measured by using Xcelligence system and in vitro using vascular permeability kits.Finally,the effects of mtDNA in cell proliferation were to verify.Results The 50％ of lethal concentration (LD50) of paraquat for A549 was 600 μmol/L.Cell viability and concentration of mtDNA following challenge of PQ revealed in a concentration-and time-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).The mtDNA had a power in aggregating PBMC nonspecifically,but there was no effect on the vascular permeability was found.Moreover,the proliferation of human fibroblasts was not stimulated directly by mtDNA,but TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-beta 1),a major pro-fibrotic factor,was increased compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The mtDNA could play an important role in the inflammatory and proliferation responses to paraquat poisoning.

Objective To evaluate the effect of compound K ( CK) on spinal Toll?like receptor 4 ( TLR4) expression during morphine?induced hyperalgesia in rats. Methods Thirty?six healthy male Spra?gue?Dawley rats in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table: control group ( group C) , morphine?induced hyperal?gesia group ( group M) , and morphine + CK group ( group M+CK) . Starting from 5 days after successful implantation, normal saline 10 μl, morphine 10 μg, and morphine 10 μg + CK 10 μg were injected in?trathecally twice a day for 7 consecutive days. Tail?flick latency ( TFL) to a thermal nociceptive stimulus was measured at 1 day before administration ( T0 , baseline) and at 30 min after the initial administration on 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days (T1?4), and the percentage of maximum possible effect (MPE) was calculated. The rats were sacrificed after the last measurement of tail?flick latency, and the lumbar segment ( L3?5 ) of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of TLR4 by Western blot. Results MPE was significantly lower at T3,4 than at T1 in M and M+CK groups ( P<0?05) . Compared with group C, MPE was significantly lower at T2?4 , and the expression of TLR4 was up?regulated in M and M+CK groups ( P<0?05). Compared with group M, MPE was significantly increased at T1?4, and the expression of TLR4 was down?regulated in group M+CK ( P<0?05 ) . Conclusion The mechanism by which CK alleviates mor?phine?induced hyperalgesia is associated with down?regulation of TLR4 expression in rats.

Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Organ Size ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Syndrome

Aged ; Amyloidosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Dyspnea ; etiology ; Edema ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis

This paper evaluates the quality of clinical literature on cupping therapy,analyzes the key factors that influencing the effects of cupping therapy,studies the operation position,tools,accompanied therapy,cupping,cupping frequency,course and other factors in the clinical application of cupping therapy,aiming to provide reference for clinical practice.

Along with the gradual implementation in legislative work of traditional Chinese medicine,the acupuncture education in Australia has rapidly developed.This paper will examine the history of acupuncture in Australia,laws and regulations of acupuncture education in Australia and the Australian acupuncture education system.It will also demonstrate on how the legislation of traditional Chinese medicine has promoted the development of acupuncture education in Australia.