Objective To investigate the common etiologies,sports and learning situation of children in Nantong with short stature,and discuss the relationship between the two. Methods Did a retrospective analysis of 108 cases of children with short stature in Nantong University′s affiliated hospital since January 2012. Through detailed past illnesses, physical examination, laboratory tests, diagnose short stature and clarify the cause. Did a questionnaire to these children with short stature about sports and learning situation. Use statistical methods like multivariate Logis-tic regression analysis and link analysis to analyze sports and learning situation of children in Nantong with short sta-ture and find the relation with the etiology. According to the principle of group matching,the control group elected representative of 108 children. Results In 108 cases, 61 cases were because of growth hormone deficiency (GHD), accounting for 56. 5% ; 47 cases were because of non-growth hormone deficiency (NGHD), accounting for 43. 5% . Logistic regression analysis showed that participation in physical exercise was a protective factor. Rest-less anxiety and inattention were as risk factors,and these make a lot(P < 0. 001, OR = 7. 483, 95% CI = 2. 620 ~21. 374). There was no significant relation between common cause and sports, learning situation ( P > 0. 05). Conclusion Various types of sports (basketball, badminton, running, cycling) are protective factors for children of short stature. Restless anxiety and inattention are risk factors for children with short stature. Whether there is growth hormone deficiency or not, children with short stature should increase the right exercise as much as possible and avoid or reduce exposure to these risk factors.

OBJECTIVEImmortal cell line of human embryonic esophageal epithelium (SHEE) was induced by E6E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 in our laboratory. To identify the fully malignant transformation at its 85th passage (SHEE85), the malignant phenotype, tumorigenesis and invasive potency were studied.

METHODThe cultured SHEE85 cells were observed under the light and the electron microscope (EM) for cell morphology, analyzed by flow cytometry for cell cycle. The tumorigenesis was assayed by plating cells in soft-agar and transplanting cells into the nude mice and SCID mice. To detect invasive potency, cells were cultured on amniotic membrane in vitro and transplanted into peritoneal cavity of mice in vivo.

RESULTSSHEE85 cells were crowded in cultivation with different sizes and shapes under light microscope, and displayed proliferative morphology under EM. Proliferative index was 47% with 12% hyperploidy cells in determination of DNA histogram. Many large colonies grew in soft-agar (4%) and the transplanted tumors were found in all 4 nude and 4 SCID mice, with strong invasive potency demonstrated in vitro and in vivo.

CONCLUSIONThe immortal esophageal epithelial cell line induced by HPV18 E6 E7 is derived from a fully malignant transformation with a strong invasive potency at the 85th passage. It is also a reliable model for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis of the esophageal carcinoma.

Animals ; Cell Division ; genetics ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Esophagus ; cytology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, SCID ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; Ploidies ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective　 To study the effects of sodium butyrate on proliferatio n, differentiation and apoptosis of immortalized esophagus epithelial cells. Methods　 SHEE, an immortalized human fetal esophageal epithelial cell line induced by HPV18 E6E7, was cultivated in culture flasks and 24-well plates. Two experi m ent groups of cultured cells were treated with 1 and 5 mmol/L of sodium butyrate respectively for 4 days, and one group of untreated cells set aside as control. The numbers of cloned cells were calculated. The ultra-structure of SHEE cells was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cell cycle and numbe r of apoptotic cells were measured by flow cytometry, Ki-67 and cytokeratin of ce lls were detected by immunohistochemistry method and F-actin of cells labeled w ith phalloidin was examined by laser confocal scanning microscopy. Results　 Colo ny formations showed a significant decrease in the 2 experiment groups after 4 d ays of culture (P<0.01). In the 1 mmol/L group, the cells at S phase were di minish ed and arrested at G0/G1 phase. Compared with control group, Ki-67 positive cells were found decreased, while F-actin and cyto keratin were increased. Apoptotic cells in 5 mmol/L group were increased markedl y. Conclusions　 Sodium butyrate may induce SHEE cells growth arrest,differentiation and apoptosis. The effects depend on sodium butyrate concentrat ion and time of exposure. Whether it can be used in combination with other antic ancer drugs should be further studied.

AlM:To explore the primary culture conditions for four kinds of lens epithelial cells ( LECs) of rat, rabbit, dog, and human, and measure their growth characteristics.METHODS:The lens capsule or anterior capsular tissue of rat, rabbit, dog and patient were removed by different methods, and they were cut into tiny pieces for primary culture by modified tissue adherent method. The morphological features of four kinds of LECs were observed under an inverted microscope.RESULTS: Four kinds of LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human could be cultured primarily by tissue adherent method. With the evolution of tissue source, the adherent capacity of LECs gradually strengthened, cells form were changed from irregular polygon to oval, nucleus rounded and cytoplasm enriched gradually. Four kinds of LECs had fibrotic changes after several passages.CONCLUSlON: LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human can be primarily cultured. This method lays the foundation for the mechanism research of caratact and related fields on the cellular and molecular levels.

Objective To study the effects of a rotating magnetic field(RMF)on Li pilocarpine-in- duced seizure activity and the expression of mGluR1 and mGluR5 in the hippocampus.Methods Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups.Each rat in the model(M),short treatment(ST)and long treatment(LT)groups was treated with intra-peritoneal injections of lithium chloride(60 mg/kg),followed by an intra-peritoneal injec- tion of pilocarpine(35 mg/kg)24 h later.The rats in the ST group were exposed to 20 mT RMF for 20 min ev- ery day for 3 d before seizure induction,while the rats in LT group were exposed to the same RMF for 8 d.The latency,severity and duration of seizure,as well as accompanying symptoms and electroencephalogram data, were recorded,and the expression of mGluR1 and mGluR5 was calculated using an electrophoretic imaging anal- ysis system.Results The duration,times and accompanying symptoms of seizure were significantly decreased in the LT group.The mGluR1 mRNA level and mGluR1/mGluR5 ratio in the M group were markedly increased, but the mGluR5 mRNA level was obviously decreased,while the expression of mGluR1 in the ST and LT groups was decreased,and mGluR5 was increased.Conclusions Seizure activity in rats can be inhibited by 20 mT RMF,and the expression of mGluRl and mGluR5 in the hippocampus of rats suffering seizures can be markedly influenced by longer-term RMF.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of cryosurgery in the preoperative preparation of liver transplantation in treating liver cancer.Method This study reviewed retrospectively clinical data from 74 patients who underwent cryosurgery of liver cancer before liver transplantation.According to the differences between transplantation programs,74 patients were divided into 2 groups:26 patients in Argon-helium cryoablation group (AHC group) and 48 patients in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization group (TACE group).Whether the patients in two groups met the standard of Milan after treatment,as well as the incidence rate of complication,waiting time for transplantation and MELD score before transplantation were compared between two groups after preoperative therapy.What's more,operation time,no liver time,amount of bleeding,PT and serum level of aminotransferase at 1st,3rd,and 5th day after transplantation were analyzed.Abdominal drainage fluid volume,the incidence of infection,acute rejection,kidney failure,biliary complication,and vascular complication in two groups were also compared.Disease free survival rate was counted after two years by outpatient follow-up.Result Only 3 cases in two groups exceeded Milan standard after treatment,one in AHC group and two in TACE group.The complication incidence and waiting time in two groups had no statistically significant differences.The MELD score in AHC group was significantly lower than in TACE group before transplantation.The operation time,amount of bleeding and transfusion requirements in AHC group were also significantly lower than in TACE group.The time without liver in two groups had no statistically significant difference.The speed of liver function recover was faster in ACH group,and the abdominal drainage fluid volume was less.There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Cryosurgery therapy has little effect on liver functions after treatment.It is a good therapy for liver cancer patients before liver transplantation.

Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cell, which derived from mononuclear myeloid hematopoietic stem cells with the function of bone absorption. Osteoclasts plays a key role in bone metabolism, therefore the body is very strict to regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Mobilization and differentiation of osteoclast maturation is a complex and sophisticated multi-level regulatory processes. In the relevant regulatory mechanisms, OPG/RANKL/RANK system plays a pivotal role in the process of osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Recent studies revealed that immune cells and osteoclasts were closely connect with each other in the field of bone metabolism, also provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases. The apoptosis of osteoclasts in bone metabolism have been payed more attention,while its mechanism is still not clear, which need further research.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Osteoclasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin ; genetics ; metabolism ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the effects of dynamic,support-inducing exercise on the support,balance and gait ability of patients with moderate-to-severe hemiplegia after stroke.Methods Fourteen stroke patients were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group (7 cases to each).The patients in the experimental group received both dynamic,support-inducing exercise and routine exercises,while the patients in the control group received routine exercises only.Before training and after 40 and 60 days of training,their functional capacity was evaluated with the Chinese stroke scale (CSS) for neurological deficits,Berg's balance scale (BBS) and using functional ambulation categories (FACs).Results Before training there was no inter-group difference in average CSS or BBS scores or in FACs.For the experimental group there were significant intra-group differences compared with 0th day in all three items at both time points.At days 40 and 60 there were also significant intra-group differences in BBS scores and FACs in the control group,and CSS scores improved significantly only in the experimental group.At day 40 there were significant inter-group differences in average CSS,BBS and FAC results.However,by day 60 a significant difference persisted only in average CSS scores.Conclusions Dynamic,support-inducing exercise can improve support,balance and gait in patients with moderate-to-severe hemiplegia after stroke.

Objective To investigate the relationship of the cytogenetic abnormalities detected by FISH in patients with MM and their clinical features. Methods FISH on bone marrow (BM) cells was performed in 57 enrolled MM patients. Relationships between cytogenetic abnormalities and clinical features were analyzed. Results By statistical analysis , both D13S319 deletion and RB1 deletion were associated with high level of serum LDH (P = 0.024; P = 0.018) and BM plasma cells index (P = 0.027; P = 0.013). 1q21 amplification was significantly associated with high level of LDH (P = 0.030 ) and the occurence of light chain type myeloma (P = 0.023). IgH rearrangement was associated with renal function damage (P = 0.009). There were correlations among D13S319 deletion, RB1 deletion, 1q21 amplification and IgH rearrangement (P<0.01). Conclusion The genetic abnormalities detected by FISH in patients with MM were correlated with various clinical poor prognostic indicators, which can evaluate the condition and prognosis of patients more efficiently.

BACKGROUNDStudy on the promotive effects of N-nitrosopiperidine on carcinogenesis process was performed, based on the immortalization of human fetal esophageal epithelium induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) 18E6E7 genes.

METHODSThe immortalized esophageal epithelium SHEE was induced by HPV18E6E7. The cells at 17th passages were cultured in 50 ml flasks. The N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) 0, 2, 4, 8 mmol/L added to the cultured medium of SHEE cells for 3 weeks. The morphology, proliferation and apoptosis of the cells were studied by phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry. Modal number of chromosomes was analyzed by standard method. Tumorigenicity of the cells was assessed by soft agar colony formation and by transplantation of cells into nude mice. Expression of HPV was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSWhen cells were exposed to high concentration (8 mmol/L) of NPIP, cell death was increased, leaving a few live cells. In normal cultural medium instead of NPIP proliferative status of the cells restored after 4 weeks and the cells progressed to the proliferation stage with continuous replication and atypical hyperplasia. At the end of the 8th week, the cells appeared with large colonies in soft-agar and tumor formation in transplanted nude mice. When the cells were cultured in 2, 4 mmol/L NPIP the doubling passage was delayed and without tumor formation in transplanted nude mice. Modal number of chromosomes was 61-65, in 8 mmol/L NPIP group and control group, 56-61. Expression of HPV18 appeared in experimental and control groups.

CONCLUSIONNPIP promotes malignant change of the immortalized esophageal epithelial cells induced by HPV18E6E7. HPV18E6E7 synergy with NPIP will accelerate malignant transformation in esophageal epithelium.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; virology ; Esophagus ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitrosamines ; toxicity ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; metabolism