Objective To investigate the relationship between the microsatellite polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients in Zhejiang province. Methods One hundred and eighteen IBD patients without consanguinity (99 patients with ulcerative colitis, 19 patients with Crohn's disease) and 140 healthy controls were studied. The (AT) repeats in the 3' untranslated region of exon 4 of CTLA-4 gene were amplified by allele-specific PCR. The amplified products were electrophoresed with 12% polyacrylamide gel, followed by silver staining. Results Twenty alleles were found in IBD patients and healthy controls. The frequency of 122 bp allele was higher in patients with ulcerative colitis (P=0.0001/Pc=0.0025, OR= 11.393, 95% CI:2.574-50.429) and Crohn's disease (P=0.0003/Pc=0.0050, OR=21.061, 95% CI:3.927-112.94) than that in healthy controls. Conclusion CTLA-4 gene microsatellite polymorphism was obviously associated with IBD in Zhejiang province.

Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; analysis

Objective To explore the effect of different cold ischemia (CI)times on the patterns of intra-graft T cell activation gene-3 (TCA-3) expression early after isogeneic half liver transplantation (PLT)in mice. Methods The models of C57BL/6 full-size(FS) and PLT were established.The CI time was 1,4 and 8 h.Specimen were collected at 4 and 24 h post-reperfusion.Ribonuclease protection assays (RPA)was used to evaluate serial mRNA expression of the TCA-3 chemokine in all mice.Histopathology was used to examine cold ischemia injury in the liver grafts. Results A total of 45 control and 30 PLTs were performed.The survival rate at 7 day after control and PLT was 100％.Quantitative analysis demonstrated the levels of TCA-3 mRNA expression were low at 4 h after reperfusion in control group with 1,4,8 h CI.The levels of TCA-3 significandy increased at 4 h after reperfusion in PLT group with CI of 1,4,8 h and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( F =7.41,P ＜ 0.05 ). TCA-3 mRNA expression significantly decreased at 24 h after reperfusion in two groups. But the difference was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ). Histopathology showed severer cold ischemia injury in PLT grafts compared with control grafts. Conclusions The expression of TCA-3 significandy increased early after PLT and played an important role in cold ischemia injury.TCA-3 could be used as the early therapeutic target for reducing ischemia injury in PLT grafts.

AIM:To evaluate the application and effect of bandage contact lens in pterygium excision combined with conjunctival transplantation (CAT).METHODS:In a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study, 110 patients (110 eyes) diagnosed with primary pterygium were collected in PLA NO.474 Hospital from January 2015 to January 2016.The 110 patients enrolled in the study in turn, and divided into two groups by the odd and even number.The odd number divided into bandage contact lens group (CAT + bandage contact lens, n=55), while the even number divided into control group (CAT, n=55).Visual analog scale (VAS) and corneal irritation were evaluated on 1, 3 and 7d after operation.Cornea fluorescent staining testing was carried out on 3d after operation.Following-up all the patients with 1a at least observed the recurrence of pterygium.RESULTS:The score of VAS in bandage contact lens group less than that in control group on 1d (4.13±2.06 vs 5.80±1.93, t=4.391, P<0.001) and 3d (2.09±1.36 vs 3.65±1.65, t=5.422, P<0.001) after operation, while there was no significant difference between two groups on 7d (t=1.295, P=0.198) after operation.The corneal irritation in bandage contact lens group less than that in control group on 1d and 3d after operation (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between two groups on 7d after operation (P=0.052).Cornea fluorescent staining testing area in bandage contact lens group was less than that in control group on 7d after operation (0.33±0.37mm2 vs 2.73±2.21mm2, t=7.921, P<0.01).There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between two groups after 1a operation (P=1.000).CONCLUSION:Bandage contact lens could significantly release pain and corneal irritation, promote the healing of the corneal epitheliums in the defected area, and increase the postoperative comfort level in patients after operation.

Calcaneal fracture is a kind of common injury of foot. Calcaneal fracture could be treated with conservative therapy, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), minimal invasive poking reduction and Kirschner wire fixation, arthrodesis or external fixation and other treatment methods. Open reduction and internal fixation as the main treatment method of calcaneus fracture, especially for intra-articular calcaneal fractures, as Sanders type II and III fractures, could gain satisfactory effect. But whether bone grafting should be taken is controversial in Sanders type IV fractures, because soft tissue complications are disadvantages of ORIF. The treatment of minimally invasive percutaneous poking reduction and internal fixation for calcaneal fractures has been paid more and more attention. Because of the differ of the classification of calcaneal fractures, indications of poking reduction and fixation methods, efficacy evaluation standard of choose, the clinical efficacy is different. Because of the complex treatment process, various treatment methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Through consulting relevant literatures of domestic and abroad in recent years, comprehensive analysis is made and new progress of the calcaneal fractures treatment is summarized.
Calcaneus ; injuries ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

Objective To assess the application of three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) in evaluation of ruptured intracranial aneurysm after clipping and to discuss the different variable use of vol-ume rendering(VR), gradient rendering (GR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP). Methods From January 2011 to December 2012 , 88 patients with 92 ruptured intracranial aneurysms were treated with clipping using titani-um clips in our hospital and followed up by both 2D-DSA and 3D-DSA. Residual aneurysms , Clips place, clips and parent arteries and stenosis of parent arteries were evaluated by volume rendering (VR), gradient rendering (GR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP). Results Among 92 clipped aneurysms, 23 residual aneurysms were found by 3D-DSA. Residual aneurysms were recorded according to the Sindou grade: 15 of gradeⅠ, 3 of gradeⅡ, 4 of grade Ⅲand 1 of grade Ⅳ. Three patients of grade Ⅲand 1 of grade Ⅳwith residual aneurysms were retreated by clipping or coiling, and 1 patient of grade Ⅲ was dead with rupture of residual aneurysm. The clips and number of clips were clearly visualized , and relationship between the clips and the aneurysms was well demonstrated by VR, GR and MIP images. VR, GR images showed the remnants clearly. Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography did not showed accurate details of the stenosis of parent arties which required an analysis of 2D-DSA. Conclusion Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography can be used for definite evaluation of resid-ual aneurysms after clipping, especially by VR, GR images. It is helpful to manage the residual ruptured aneurysms.

Objective: To observe the effect of Yishou Tiaozhi tablet(YSTZT) on lipid metabolism and aortic intimal atherosclerotic plaque coverage in rabbit model of experimental hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis.Methods: Thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, Group A, B, C and D, 8 in each group. Forage with cholesterol and lipid plus 1.59 g/kg of YSTZT was fed to Group A every day;for Group B, 22.54 mg/kg gypenoside tablet was added to forage with cholesterol and lipid; for Group C, hyperlipid forage was given and for Group D, only ordinary forage was given. Biochemical parameters were measured and pathomorphological examinations were carried out 6 weeks later.Results: (1) YSTZT obviously lowered the levels of serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), atherosclerotic index(AI), apoprotein(ApoB), lipoprotein ［Lp(a)］, oxygen-low density lipoprotein cholesterol(ox-LDL), hydroxyproline(HYP), plasma Ca2+, thromboxane B2(TXB2), and increased the levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), apoprotein A1(Apo A1), ApoA1 /ApoB, plasma 6-keto-PGF1α (P<0.01). (2) Pathomorphological examination showed that in Group A aortic intimal atherosclerotic plaque area and arterial intima thickness were obviously reduced, smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and elastic fibers were not seen.Conclusion: YSTZT can inhibit experimental hyperlipemia and atherogenesis. It is an ideal and effective medicine in preventing and treating hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been recognized as one of the most important pathogens of pigs throughout the world. In 2006, more than 10 provinces of China have experienced an epizootic outbreak of pig diseases characterized by high fever, reddened skin and high morbidity and mortality. From June 2006 to April 2007, we have investigated some clinical samples in Hubei province by RT-PCR and cloned several major genes, N, GP5 and NSP2 gene, shown in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes revealed that the highly pathogenic PRRSV variant, ZB, was responsible for 2006 emergent outbreak of pig disease in Hubei province similar with those variants isolated from other provinces in China in 2006, and belongs to the NA-type PRRSV. In the PRRSV variants, the N and GP5 shear about 90% identity with prototypic ATCC VR-2332 and some typical NA-type Chinese isolates, except the 2850bp NSP2 gene (only shares 65% identity with ATCC VR-2332). But they all shear more than and 97% identity with other highly pathogenetic Chinese PRRSV strains. Additionally, there are extensive amino acid (aa) mutations in the GP5 protein and 2 deletions in the Nsp2 protein when compared with the previous isolates. Most of the variants found in 2006 epizootic outbreak of pig diseases in China were the farthest variants from the typical NA-type PRRSV in phylogenetic distance, and these diversities may be responsible for the differences in the pathogenicity observed between these variants and original Chinese PRRSV strains.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Some ED patients who do not respond to any nonsurgical therapy will eventually be candidate for penile prostheses. This paper introduces the characteristics and application of inflatable penile prosthesis made in China.
Erectile Dysfunction ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Prosthesis ; Prosthesis Design

OBJECTIVETo explore pathogenesis of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in renal transplantation recipients.

METHODSA total of 40 renal transplantation recipients were divided into three groups based on oral glucose tolerance test results: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n = 10), impaired fasting glycaemia + impaired glucose tolerance (IFG + IGT) group (n = 16), and PTDM group (n = 14). Insulin resistance (IR) and beta cell function were assessed by homeostasis model.

RESULTSThe differences of the immunosuppressive agents used in these groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Compared with NGT group, insulin area under curve and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index were significantly higher in IGT + IFG group and PTDM group (P < 0.05). Compared with NGT group and IGT + IPG group, insulin secretion index at 30 min and homeostasis model assessment-insulin secretion index were significantly lower in PTDM group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONInsulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of PTDM.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; physiology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult