Objective To evaluate four tumor markers of insulin-like growth factor 1((IGF-1), CEA, cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for the diagnosis and prediction of treatment response in human lung cancer. Methods Serum samples were taken from three groups: 91 patients with lung cancer, 30 healthy adults and 15 patients with benign pulmonary diseases. Serum IGF-1 was assayed by radioimmunoassay and CEA, CYFRA21-1, and NSE by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The differences among the three groups were determined by Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and with Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by ROC curves. Results The four serum tumor marker levels were significantly higher in lung cancer group, as compared with the benign and the healthy (IGF-1:χ2=26.95,P<0.001, CEA:χ2=49.11,P<0.001; CYFRA21-1:χ2=40.63,P<0.001; NSE:χ2=14.76;P<0.001). The diagnostic sensitivities of IGF-1, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE was 75.6% (34/45), 53.3% (24/45), 66.7% (30/45) and 42.2% (19/45) respectively for lung cancer. The diagnostic sensitivity of IGF-1 combined with CYFRA21-1 was 95.5 %( 43/45) and that of IGF-1 combined with CEA and CYFRA21-1was 97.8%(44/45). Only IGF-1 and CYFRA21-1 showed significant changes before and after treatment (IGF-1: χ2=5.99,P=0.014; CYFRA21-1:χ2=4.99, P=0.025) in cancer group. Conclusions Serum IGF-1, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE are all valuable for lung cancer diagnosis and the combination of those parameters can enhance the diagnostic efficiency. Serum IGF-1 and CYFRA21-1 may also be useful for evaluating the treatment response in lung cancer.

Objective The aim of this study is to summarize primarily the application range and the clinical effect of the minimally invasive direct cardiac surgery (MIDCS).Methods From April 2010 to August 2011,108 operations had been performed in our centre using MIDCS,among of which 44 males and 64 females,mean age (44.3 ± 16.4 ) years old,mean weight (60.0 ± 12.0 ) kg.These operations included 29 MVR operations (replacement with mechanical valve 19,with tissue valve 10),17 AVR operations( replacement with mechanical valve 11,with tissue valve 6 ),5 MVP operations,6 MVR + AVR operations (replacement with mechanical valve 5,with tissue valve 1 ),12 VSD repair operations and 23 ASD repair operations,9 MIDCAB operations,1 MVR + CABG oparation,2 PECD correction,1 repair of ruptruec chordae tendineae of tricuspid septum and 1 Ebstein deformity correction operation.Concomitant procedures included 19 TVP operations and 11 radiofrequency ablation operations.Except MIDCAB operations,other operations are performed with closed type extracorporeal circulation.Conversion to median sternotomy was necessary in only two patients ( 1.9％ ).Results Mean cardiopulnonary bypass time and aortic eross-clamp time were ( 104.4 ± 59.3 ) minutes and ( 66.7 ± 52.8 ) minutes respectively,74 patients ( 92.5 ％ ) recover to beat automatically after heart ceased operation.Median mechanical ventilation time was ( 14.5 ± 11.9 ) hours,Median intensive care unit stay was ( 18.8 ± 15.3 ) hours,median hospital stay post operative was (6.9 ± 2.9) days.Median incision length was (5.3 ± 1.2 )cm.Median draining volume was( 337.6 ± 240.9 )ml in the first day after operation,No transfusion occurred in 72 patients(66.7％ ).Hospital mortality was 0.No re-exploration for bleeding and sternal wound infection.When leaving hospital,94 being of heart functional class Ⅰ,8 of class Ⅱ,6 of class Ⅲ.Conclusion MIDCS was associated with good operative effect in the near future,superior safety and broad application range.Furthermore MIDCS has minimally invasive,less postoperative bleeding,fewer blood transfusions,good cosmesis,as well as the absence of sternal wound infection.It may be safely performed on selected patients with low postoperative mortality and morbidity.

Objective To study the impact of physical stimulus on periosteal chondroplasia with an in- tention of reconstructing cartilage tissue that has a biomechanical function and can be created either entirely in vivo or in vitro and subsequently implanted into the patient.Methods A series of biomechanical test methods were designed in order to investigate the mechanical properties of engineered cartilage under a variety of mechanical stress stimulations.The periosteal explants were harvested from proximal medial tibias of New Zealand rabbits and secured onto poly-?-caprolactone(PCL)scaffolds.The composites(periosteum/PCL)were suspended in the spinner flask bioreactor and the spinner flask was located on the stirring machine.The stem cells were stimulated by fluid shear stress under magnetic bar stirring.Results In gross observation,the thickness and length of neo-cartilage with shear force stimulation were significantly greater than those without shear force.The direction of elongation was parallel with fluid flow direction,regardless of composite orientation.Secondary,two different zones based on various cell morphology and distribution were clearly observed.The thickness of the superficial zone was greater in samples exposed to high shear force compared with low shear force.The superficial zone protein and lubricant were found in the engineered cartilage under shear stress stimulation.Conclusion The results reveal that shear stress can not only influence proliferation and differentiation of stem cells,but also change chondrocyte morphology and increase extracellular matrix production.

Objective To know the apolipoprotein E(APOE)genotypes frequency of Chinese old people in the rural area. Methods 2000 Chinese aged 65 years or older from four sites in China were enrolled in this study in 2004-2008.Two sites were from the Sichuan province in southwestern China,and another two sites were from the Shandong province in eastern China.The finger blood samples on filter paper were collected from all the investigated people in the end of the interview.The genotype for apolipoprotein E(gene symbol,APOE)was determined by eluting DNA from a dried blood spot,followed by HhaI digestion of amplified products.Results Through statistical analysis,APOE genotypes frequency of Chinese people aged 65 years or older in the rural area,as for ?/?2,?2/?3,?2/?4,?3/?3,?3/?4,?4/?4,they were 1.1%,13.55%,2.05%,68.80%,13.35% and 1.15% respectively.4 carriers and no 4 carriers were 16.55% and 83.45%.Conclusion The distribution of APOE 4 genotype is more widely in Chinese people aged 65 years or older in the rural area.

Objective To analyse the risk factors and prognosis of new on-set postoperative atrial fibrillation in different age and gender groups.Methods The study is a retrospective analysis in 516 patients from a single center.All cases were divided into 5 groups by ages as:＜ 40 years (n =61),40-49 years (n =97),50-59 years (n =115),60-75 years (n =140),and ＞ 75 years(n =103).We retrospectively analysed the difference in the occurrence-and recurrence-rate of POAF,risk factors,feature of coronary artery in different age and gender groups.Results There were no statistics differences in the same age group.The major risk factors were smoking,family history of coronary artery disease and hyperlipaemia in age ＜40 years group and 40 ～ 49 years group.while the major risk factors were hypertension and diabetes in the 60-75 years group and age ＞ 75 years group.The percentage of smoking patients decreased along with adding age.There was obviously statistical difference in the recurrence-rate of POAF across all groups during 24 follow-up months (P ＜ 0.05).The number of coronary lesion was increased with age.There were more ostial lesions in the 60-75 years group and age ＞ 75 years group.Conclusion There are different risk factors and characteristics among POAF patients in different age and gender groups.It is of great significance for us that comprehensive clinical intervention measures are taken to prevent recurrence of AF.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of Jinlong capsule combined with chemotherapy or radio-therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS) using Meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases were all searched without language restriction, and searching time was from January 1990 to July 2015. All eligible published studies were included in this study for quality assessment and data extraction. All the data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. A total of ten studies including 736 subjects (370 in Jinlong capsule plus chemoradiotherapy and 366 in chemoradiotherapy only) were finally included in this Meta-analysis. The result of Meta analysis showed that compared with pure chemoradiotherapy group, Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the patients' curative effect (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.29-2.43, P < 0.05), clinical benefit rate (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22-2.91, P < 0.05), life quality improvement rate (OR = 2. 56, 95% CI: 1.61-4.05, P < 0.05), and decrease leucopenia incidence rate (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0. 22-0.56, P < 0.05) and gastrointestinal reaction rate (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.40-1.11, P < 0.05). The pooled results showed that Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the curative effect and life quality, and decrease the adverse reaction of patients.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy

Gallbladder carcinoma (GC) is the most common malignant tumor in bile duct system.Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a benign inflammatory gallbladder disease.It is often misdiagnosed between them.This paper,through reviewing the literature and summarizing our own clinical experience,will give a better understanding on the two diseases,which was summarized as follows:inflammation is important both in the pathogenesis of GC and XGC,and we can make the correct diagnosis and choose an appropriate treatment by analy zing the feature of disease history,image data and rapid intraoperative pathological diagnosis.Radical resection remains the first choice in the treatment of GC,but the extent of resection is controversial.Normally,cholecystectomy is sufficient for curing XGC,but different surgeries are needed according to the specific disease conditions.

Most chemical medicines have polymorphs. The difference of medicine polymorphs in physicochemical properties directly affects the stability, efficacy, and safety of solid medicine products. Polymorphs is incomparably important to pharmaceutical chemistry, manufacturing, and control. Meantime polymorphs is a key factor for the quality of high-end drug and formulations. Polymorph prediction technology can effectively guide screening of trial experiments, and reduce the risk of missing stable crystal form in the traditional experiment. Polymorph prediction technology was firstly based on theoretical calculations such as quantum mechanics and computational chemistry, and then was developed by the key technology of machine learning using the artificial intelligence. Nowadays, the popular trend is to combine the advantages of theoretical calculation and machine learning to jointly predict crystal structure. Recently, predicting medicine polymorphs has still been a challenging problem. It is expected to learn from and integrate existing technologies to predict medicine polymorphs more accurately and efficiently.

In four patients with chronic pancreatitis from two hereditary pancreatitis (HP) families and 63 normal controls, five exons of cationic trypsinogen gene (PRSS1) were amplified by PCR and it's products were analyzed by sequencing, related clinical data were also collected. All the four patients were found mutations in the PRSS1 gene but their clinical feature is absolutely different. Six patients with diabetes mellitus were found in pedigree No. 1, it's members show pancreatitis symptom later, at about 29, the tumor markers (CA19-9, CA72-4) is obviously higher than the patients in pedigree No. 2, two patients with chronic pancreatitis in pedigree No. 2, show symptom earlier without diabetes mellitus, their clinical characterization are different too. The number of CD4+T cell/CD8+T is very low in Ⅲ 8, but Ⅲ 7 is normal, and the level of anti-HBs of Ⅲ 8 is variable in the course of pancreatitis, but the phenomenon was not found in Ⅲ 7. In their PRSS1 gene two guanosine (G) to adenosine (A) mutations were found in PRSS1 exon 3 of pedigree No. 1, one was detected at 336 basyl, the other mutation occurs at 361 basyl. The results of the mutations were Lys →Lys and Ala →Thr. While thymine (T) to adenosine (A) and (guanosine) G→(adenosine) A mutation in PRSS1 exon 3 was detected in the other patient of pedigree No. 2 (Ⅲ 8). One was 361 basyl, the other at 415 basyl. While c.415 T→A was not found in the proband of pedigree No. 2 PRSS1 gene (Ⅲ 7). All of the mutations were heterozygous mutation, that is to say all of the trypsinogen were wild type and mutant type concomitance, the normal and abnormal pathway of active trypsinogen exist partially. At the same time, the mutations of SPINK1 were not observed. Compared with the documents and registration of NCBI, it can be concluded that PRSS1 gene had many kinds of mutations in hereditary pancreatitis, the heterozygous mutations (c.336 G→A, c.415 T→A) were the novel mutations and related with clinical phenotype. What's more, it's the first time that the multisite heterozygous mutations of PRSS1 gene were reported. The presence of the mutations in four patients with chronic pancreatitis, it's absence in their relatives and the strong evolutionary conservation of the mutation, all indicate that the trypsinogen mutation is associated with hereditary pancreatitis and for the first time raises the question whether a gain or a loss of trypsin function participates in the onset of Chinese pancreatitis.

Objective To evaluated the early-term results of the right or left anterolateral minithoracotomy used for the repair of various congenital heart defects.Methods All the patients with congenital heart defects who were operated with this incision between April 2010 and December 2012 were reviewed.There were 63 patients (41 females,22 males) underwent openheart surgery through right or left anterolateral minithoracotomy.Ages ranged from 12 to 69 years,mean (30.63 ± 11.74) years.Corrected defects included atrial septal defect(ASD) closure in 38,closure of ventricular septal defect(VSD) in 19,correction of partial atrioventricular canal defect (PECD) in 3,correction of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) in 1,correction of Ebstein's anomalyin 1,and repair of ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva in 1.Results In all patients,length of incision was (4.76 ± 0.95) cm.There was no early or late death.No patient required conversion to full sternotomy.The median CPB and aortic clamp times were (76.38 ± 29.97) and (33.49 ± 31.50) minutes,respectively.Median intubation time was (10.53 ± 6.13) hours.Median duration of intensive care and postoperative hospital stay was (14.93 ± 7.65) hours and (5.42 ± 1.98) days,respectively.Only 9 patients(14.3％) received blood transfusion.Follow-up echo showed no residual defect.All patients have gratifying cosmetic results and are in excellent condition after a median follow-up of (13.75 ± 8.91)months.Conclusion The small anterolateral thoracotomy in congenital cardiac surgery is a safe and feasible approach,and with a excellent cosmetic results.