Chronic constipation is a common clinical disorder,which has different influences on patients’quality of life and work. With the increase in pressure and pace of modern life,the aging of population,the changes in dietary pattern and the challenge of social psychological problems,the overall prevalence of chronic constipation in general population is increasing in recent decades. However,the therapeutic efficacy of chronic constipation is still not satisfactory. This article reviewed the advances in study on treatment of chronic constipation.

Bio-teehnology has entered all fields of TCD research and development,exerting great function in research and produc- tion of high-quality natural medicinal raw materials and sustainable utilization of Chinese herbs resource.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genes, p16 ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins

Objective To explore the correlation between Parkinson's disease(PD) and living habits.Methods 114 PD cases from ongoing PD prevalence survey in Beijing region and the neurological clinic center of Beijing Union Hospital and 205 controls matched on gender, race and residence were recruited in this study. Through in-person questionnaire interview, general data and living habits such as smoking, tea drinking and alcohol drinking were obtained and analyzed by population-based case control study.Results We observed reduced risk for PD in smokers(OR:0.538; 95%CI: 0.290, 0.998) and tea-drinkers(OR:0.199; 95%CI:0.114,0.346). There was no significant correlation between alcohol drinking and PD.Conclusion An inverse correlation exists in PD with smoking or tea drinking except for alcohol drinking.

External applies and washing of traditional Chinese medicine has sound curative effect in treating muscular and bone pain.The author reported some his experiences on the treatment of muscular and bone pain with hot applies and tendon-relaxing and collaterals-activating lotion.

OBJECTIVE: lo discuss the inmtluence of different thyroidectomy on perioperative blood calcium concentration. METHOD: Total number of patients was 240. These patients of thyroid tumors were recruited. Clinical and follow-up datum were retrospective analyzed. RESULT: Patients were divided into four groups by different operative methods. Group one was patients taken one-side thyroidectomy, group two taken one-side lymph node dissection plus, group three taken two-sides thyroidectomy,and group four taken one or two sides lymph node dissection plus. Group two was easier to become hypocalcemia and their calcium concentration decreased more remarkably, compared with group one. Patients taken two-sides thyroidectomy had the familiar outcome. CONCLUSION Patients taken lymph node dissection were easier to become hypocalcemia, compared with patients only taken thyroidectomy.
Calcium ; blood ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; etiology ; Lymph Node Excision ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy ; adverse effects

Objective To analysis the changes of serum adiponectin level in patients with breast cancer and its clinical signifi‐cance .Methods 35 cases of serum adiponectin levels in breast cancer patients using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ,and 35 healthy serum adiponectin level in peripheral blood of women ,analysis of significance of changes of serum adiponectin levels in breast cancer patients .Results Average serum adiponectin level in patients with breast cancer group(6 .13 ± 1 .55)μg/mL ,health group average serum adiponectin levels (8 .72 ± 1 .86)μg/mL ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Postmenopausal women in breast cancer group and health group compared with premenopausal women ,the serum adiponectin levels were signifi‐cantly increased ,there was a statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Lymph node metastasis of breast cancer serum adiponec‐tin levels were significantly lower in patients without lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer ,the difference was statis‐tically significant(P<0 .05) .Serum adiponectin level in breast cancer patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly lower than breast cancer patients with stage Ⅰ ,there was a statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Serum adiponectin levels as an important marker in the diagnosis of breast cancer ,serum adiponectin level and grade of the tumor ,lymph node metastases . Significantly reduced serum adiponectin level in patients with breast cancer ,and not under the influence of patients with menopause .

Objective To explore the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphisms in donors and recipients and the incidence and severity of acute graft-versus-host diseases (aGVHD) after unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alIo-HSCT). Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNFα-238 (G/A), TNFα-857 (C/T), TNFα-863 (C/A), TNFα-1031 (T/C), TNFβ + 252 (A/G) were analyzed by Multiplex SNaPshot analysis in 76 pairs of donors and recipients. Results Transplantation involving donors with TNFα-857 CC genotype resulted in a higher incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD than donors with CT genotype (91.3% vs 8. 7% , P =0. 039). In the 23 patients with grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD, no patients had TNFβ +252 AA genotype, 19 (82.6%) had GA genotype and 4 (17.4%) had GG genotype. There was a significant difference in the distribution pattern of the TNFβ +252 (AA, GA and GG) genotypes in these patients (P =0.03). There was no significant association of TNFα-238 (G/A), TNFα-863 (C/A) and TNFα-1031 (T/C) polymorphisms with the risk of aGVHD. Conclusion These results suggest donor TNFα-857 CC genotype is related to a higher incidence of grade Ⅱ -Ⅳ aGVHD, and patients with TNFβ +252 AA genotype have protection against the risk of grade Ⅱ -Ⅳ aGVHD.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of Cheneau orthosis with different pressure areas on the patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods Thirty patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who had apex vertebraes below T6 were included, and randomly divided into group A in which patients wore orthosis spanning across 3 vertebra, and group B in which patients wore orthosis spanning across 5-6 vertebra. All patients were assessed with regard to Cobb degree, apex vertebrae rotary degree and pain index after wearing the orthosis. Results The rectified ratio of Cobb degree were 17% and 29% in groups A and B, respectively. There was a statistical difference between the 2 groups(P<0.05). No statistical difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of apex vertebrae rotary degrees(P>0.05). Pain index was 5.00 in group A, and 2.07 in group B, which was statistically different (P<0.05). Conclusions Increasing pressure points' areas of Cheneau orthosis properly can improve more effectively the lateral curvature angle of the patients with adolescent idiopathic seoliosis.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Typodont-based table clinic competition (TCC) on undergraduate orthodontic education. Methods Students who have finished basic orthodon-tic courses made diagnosis,treatment strategy and performed orthodontic treatment for malocclusion cases on Typodonts. A self-design questionnaire was employed to investigate their perception to this pedagogy. Results The majority of participants(82.2%-92.9%) highly evaluated Typodont-based TCC. Conclu-sions Typodont-based TCC course is conducive to arousing students' study internets and to promoting association between theory and practice.