ObjectiveTo investigate the cause and characteristics of sports-related spinal cord injury. MethodsAll 38 sports-related spinal cord injury patients admitted in China Rehabilitation Research Center were analyzed retrospectively. Results84.2% （32/38） were male, mean of age was 23.4 (5～58). Diving was the most cause to sports-related spinal cord injury (27/38). Except 2 patients with no fracture and 1 with lumbar fracture, other patients were all with the cervical fractures, in which 57.9% were burst fractures, 18.4% were fracture and dislocations. 47.2% were complete spinal cord injury, 58.2% were incomplete. As for their professions, 10.5% were athletes, 31.6% were students. ConclusionSports-related spinal cord injury can happen in athletes and others, most of them are younger, disability of different degree remains. It is important to prevent sports-related spinal cord injury.

There is still evident gap between the humanity education of medical college in China and the foreign country's.We can find the heart of the matter and explore ways of solving the problem,by comparing the present condition of the humanity education of medical college in China and the foreign country's.

Objective: To investigate the nootropic components of Hovenia dulcis. Methods: Six saponins were isolated from Hovenia dulcis and Step-down test was used to examine the memory ability of mice. The escape latency and the times of wrong performance within 3 min were used to evaluate the memory ability of mice. To study the effects of saponins on learning and memory in mice, we divided the mice into 6 groups: youth group, aged group, aged plus piracetam(0.3 g/kg) group, aged plus saponins (0.6 g/kg) group, aged plus saponins (0.3 g/kg) group, and aged plus saponins(0.15 g/kg) group. To study the influence of saponins on impairment of memory acquirement, consolidation, and reoccurrence (induced by scopolamine, sodium nitrite and 40% ethanol, respectively), mice were also divided into the following 7 groups: control group, untreated group, Piracetam group (0.3 g/kg), compound 3 group(0.3 g/kg), compound 4 group(0.3 g/kg), compound 5 group(0.3 g/kg), and compound 6 group (0.3 g/kg). Results: The chemical structures of six saponins were elucidated as 3-O-stigmasterol-(6-O- palmitoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), β-daucosterin (2), hovenidulcioside A1 (3), hoduloside I (4), hoduloside IV (5), and saponins C2 (6). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 5 and 6 had enhancing effect on the learning and memory ability of natural senile mice, and they could improve the impairment of memory acquirement, consolidation and recurrence in mice induced by scopolamine, sodium nitrite and 40% ethanol, respectively. Conclusion: The aglycone of jujubogenin might be the main saponins contributing to the nootropic effect of total saponins from Hovenia dulcis.

Objective: To observe the differential expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and renal cell carcinoma marker (RCC-Ma) in early renal carcinoma and corresponding adjacent (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 cm) tissues, so as to estimate the safe margin of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal tumors. Methods: Tissue microarrys, including 44 tissues of clear cell renal cell carcinoma[A] and normal renal cortex tissues of different distances to the tumor: 0.5 cm[B], 1.0 cm[C] and 2.0 cm [D], were constructed. The expression of EMA and RCC-Ma was examined by immunohistochemical staining in the four groups. Results: Intensive membranous and (or) cytoplasmic staining of EMA and RCC-Ma was observed in the cancer and adjacent tissues. The positive rate in group A was significantly higher than those of the other three groups (A [15.91%/ 18.18%], B[84.09%/79.55%], C[86.36%/77.27%] and D[79.55%/75.00%], P<0.01). The positive rates of EMA and RCC-Ma expression were not significantly different between the group B, C, and D(P>0.05). Conclusion: Our data denote that, when laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is done for early renal carcinoma, at least 5 mm of normal parenchyma tissue beyond the pesudocapsule should be excised with the tumor.

Objective To observe the clinical, neuropathogical, neurophysiological characteristics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1A (CMT1A) which was similar to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP).Methods The clinical data, neuroelectrophysiological changes and pathological features of sural nerve biopsy were taken from 2 CMT1A patients who were proven to be 17p12 duplication with CIDP features, and analyzed comprehensively. Results Two CMT1A cases with classical chronic course showed both subacute course and clinical manifestations similar to CIDP, however, the changes of neuroelectrophysiology and pathological characteristics of the nerve biopsy in 2 cases were different from CIDP in some way. We confirmed the chronic inflammatory demyelinating type of the CMT1A patients whom the immunotherapy was effective on.Conclusion The classical CMT1A 17p12 duplication patients who obtained immunotherapy effects might resemble CIDP both in clinical course and manifestation.

AIM: To assess the prevalence of refractive errors in middle school students in Lanzhou city and explore the risk factors for myopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A questionnaire assessed the students' socioeconomic background and visual tasks followed by visual acuity assessment and a full eye examination including slit lamp examination, fundus evaluation, retinoscopy, and subjective refraction.RESULTS: Among 2 256 enumerated students aged 15-19 years, 2 037 (90.3%) students had significant refractive errors. Myopia was the leading refractive error (1 951/2 256,86.5%), astigmatism was the second most common refractive error (921/2 256, 40.8%), but amblyopia (10/2 256, 0.4%),strabismus (5/2 256, 0.2%), hyperopia (4/2 256, 0.2%) and other treatable eye disorders were uncommon. Almost 95.3% of students with significant refractive errors wore spectacles before the survey. Age, sex, visual tasks, and a parental history of myopia were risk factors for myopia.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of refractive errors and the risk factors for myopia in schoolchildren in Lanzhou city are similar to those reported in other regions of China.Interventions of myopia progression should be performed to protect the visual acuity of school-aged students.

AIM: To observe the efficacy of Medpor porous polyethylene implants in treatment of enophthalmos combined with orbital fracture.
METHODS: Seventeen cases ( 17 eyes ) with enophthalmos caused by orbital fracture underwent surgical treatment with Medpor porous polyethylene implants. All accepted a 6-mo follow-up and the data of enophthalmos, eyeball movement and diplopia were collected.
RESULTS: The average difference of exophthalmos between damaged eyes and undamaged eyes was (3. 4±1. 5 ) mm preoperatively, two cases had residual 1mm enophthalmos 6mo after surgery, while other 15 cases were completely corrected. Seventeen cases suffered from eyeball movement restriction and diplopia preoperatively, 16 cases had normal eyeball movement without diplopia 6mo after surgery, 1 case with limitation of abduction and horizontal diplopia. There was no extrusion, rejection, infection or other complications occurred during follow-up.
CONCLUSION: Medpor porous polyethylene implants can effectively improve the orbit volume to repair enophthalmos caused by orbital fracture.

Objective To study the current cases of Keshan disease aims at providing scientific and basic evidence for prevention and control of the disease. Methods In accordance with historical cases, in 2009, an investigation was conducted in the permanent resident population in seriously infected representative villages of landscapes and ways of living such as Xujialeng, Zhuping and some other adjacent villages in Wudu district, Longnan city. People in those areas were examined and carefully observed based on the scheme of Keshan disease surveillance. Then they were enquired about their medical history, given normal clinical examinations and electrocardiogram(ECG) examination, the suspected cases were chest X-rayed. At the same time, some samples of their hair of some children under 12 and adults were collected to be examined for the selenium content. Results Among the total number of 515 subjects, 20 were diagnosed with Keshan disease with a total detection rate of 3.9% (20/515), among whom 13 were potential patients with a detection rate of 2.5%( 13/515), 7 were chronic patients with a detection rate of 1.4%(7/515). In the total number of 515 ECG, 48 were found with abnormal ECG at a detection of 9.3%(48/515). In the 20 patients, the potential patients were mostly featured with incomplete right bundle-branch block(5 cases), complete right bundle-branch block(3 cases), frequent ventricular premature beat (2 cases) and left ventricle high voltage(2 cases), while the chronic patients were mostly featured with incomplete right bundle-branch block(2 cases). Of the 29 chest X-ray films, 17 cases had heart enlargement with a detection rate of 58.6%( 17/29). The selenium content in the hair of 10 adults and 10 children were (0.38±0.09), (0.31±0.12) mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion There are still existing some cases and obvious virulence factors of Keshan disease in Wudu district, Longnan city.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and stability by comparing acuity and diopter of small incision lenticule extraction ( SMILE) , femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis ( FS-LASIK ) and laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) in treating myopia with a follow-up of 6mo.
METHODS: A retrospective study, 42 cases ( 84 eyes ) received SMILE, 37 cases ( 74 eyes ) received FS-LASIK and 31cases (62 eyes) undergone LASIK in our hospital during Apr. 2014 to Jun. 2014 were involved. The follow-up data of 6mo was analyzed. The preoperative spherical equivalent was -5. 91±1. 83D, -5. 89±1. 96D, -5. 88±1. 68D in SMILE, FS-LASIK and LASIK group, respectively. The differences of preoperative best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , pupil diameter ( PD ) and central corneal thickness ( CCT ) had no statistically significant between three groups. The postoperative uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA) , BCVA and diopter were comparative analyzed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6m after surgery.
RESULTS:1) No patients lost to follow-up of 1wk and 1mo. A total of 10 eyes (5 cases), 10 eyes (5 cases) and 8 eyes (4 cases) lost to follow-up of 3m in SMILE、FS-LASIK and LASIK group, respectively, and raised to 18 eyes (9 cases), 12 eyes (6 cases) and 14 eyes (7 cases) in follow-up of 6m. 2) At 1wk follow-up, the differences of UCVA between SMILE group, FS- LASIK group vs LASIK group was statistically significant respectively ( t=4. 098, P=0. 000;t=2. 493, P=0. 004). 3) In LASIK group, the differences of UCVA between 1wk vs 3, 6m follow-up was statistically significant respectively (t=3. 410, P=0. 001;t=3. 771, P=0. 000), the differences of UCVA between 1m and 6m follow-up was statistically significant (t=2. 283, P=0. 026). 4) The differences of diopter were not statistically significant among three groups at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo follow-up respectively (χ2=0. 119, P=0. 942;χ2=1. 504, P=0. 471;χ2=0. 949, P=0. 622; χ2=0. 277, P=0. 871). 5) the differences of eyes with UCVA≥5. 0 was statistically significant between SMILE group vs FS-LASIK group, LASIK group at 1wk follow-up (χ2=9. 249, P=0. 002<0. 05/3;χ2=12. 906, P=0. 000<0. 05/3), there was no significant statistical difference between FS-LASIK group and LASIK group (χ2=0. 500, P=0. 604). 6) there was no significant statistical difference of eyes with SE (±0. 50D) at any time post operation among three groups (χ2=0. 809, P=0. 697;χ2=1. 176, P=0. 634;χ2=0. 871, P=0. 736;χ2=0. 683, P=0. 770).CONCLUSION: All of SMILE, FS-LASIK and LASIK are effective and stable on treating myopia according to follow-up of 6mo. However, in this study, SMILE group shows more effective than FS-LASIK and LASIK at 1wk, which could enhance postoperative UCVA more rapidly.

Objective To analyze the advantages of combined analysis of allergen skin prick test(SPT)and phadiatop/specific IgE antibody on the allergen diagnosis in asthmatic children.Methods Inhalant allergen SPT and Phadiatop test were done in 57 asthmatic children.Thirty-three cases of those asthmatic children were measured serum specific IgE antibody against dermatophagoids pteronyssinus.Results Dermatophagoids,molds and pets were the main inhalant allengens in asthmatic children.The positive rates of SPT and Pha-(diatop) in 57 asthmatic children were 86% and 79%,respectively,and the consistence rate between SPT and Phadiatop was 86%.Five cases with negative Phadiatop were confirmed to have molds allergy via SPT and molds specific IgE test.The consistence rate of dermatophagoids pteronyssinus SPT and specific IgE was 97%.Conclusion It is helped to improve the sensitivity and specificity of allergen diagnosis in asthmatic children when doctors combined analyze the results of allergen skin prick test and specific IgE test.