OBJECTIVE:To study the postoperative use of anti-infectives inpatients undergoing liver transplantation and its rationality.METHODS:50 inpatients who had undergone liver transplantation were randomly collected from center of organ transplantation for the analysis of the use of anti-infective agents within 1 month after operation in respect of utilization frequency(cases/times),duration of medication,drug utilization index(DUI) as well the conformity between drug combination and etiology so as to derive the rationality of drug use.RESULTS:Among the top 10 anti-infectives in terms of utilization frequency in patients undergone liver transplantation,9 had their DUI less than 1,and 1 had its DUI above 1.The perioperative application rate of anti-infective agents was 100%.In terms of drug combination,2 cases(4%) used one kind of anti-infectives,17(34%) two kinds,21(42%) tree kinds,10(20%) four kinds concomitantly.CONCLUSION:The doses and the proportion of anti-infectives used in combination for inpatients undergoing liver transplantation were on the high side,which should be controlled urgently.

Objective To evaluate the effect of liver transplantation(LT)on the prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 11 consecutive patients with ICC who underwent LT between October 2003 and November 2008 at our institution.The overall and disease-free survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Mayer method.Results The median survival time Was 9.0 months(2.5-53 months).The 1-,2-,3-and 4-year disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of all the patients were 51.9%、51.9%、51.9%、51.9%and 50.5%、50.5%、50.5%、50.5%,respectively.The perioperative mortality and the recurrence rate were 0 and 43.5%,respectively.The survival rate and disease-free survival time of patients with recurrence were 2.5-10 months(mean 7.5 months)and 1-8 months(mean 3.8 months).Conclusions The prognosis of LT for ICC is rather poor.ICC patients with lymph node metastasis.vascular or bile duct invasion is contraindicated for LT.

Objective To investigate the current statin use among high-risk patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Chinese large hospitals.Methods Clinical history and current medication were recorded in 11 783 patients with a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(CVD)from 39 highest-ranking hospitals in 10 Chinese cities.Results Indication for statin use was given for all screened patients and statin was not prescribed in up to 59.6% (7022)patients. For patients with statin use, medication time was shorter than their atherosclerotic CVD history in 1120 (23.5%) patients. The proportion of statin use among patients with ischemic stroke was 19.6%,among patients with coronary heart disease without ischemic stroke was 59.2%.Conclusion Statin is underused in secondary prevention among patients with atherosclerotic CVD in China.There is a large gap between guideline recommended statin use and in practice.Thus,it remains a major challenge for healthcare professionals and policy makers to resolve this problem rapidly.

Aim To investigate the impact and mechanism of Weichang'an Pill(WCA),its ethanol extract(EE),water extract(WE),and active ingredients on the contraction of isolated rat ileum smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine(ACh). Methods In vitro tissue bath experiment,WCA,EE,WE,or their active ingredients were added under the action of ACh,and then the contraction tension of isolated ileum smooth muscle from rats was recorded. The binding affinity ofthe active ingredients to the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptor was explored by molecular docking. Results WCA,EE,and WE were able to considerably inhibit the excitatory contraction of the ileal smooth muscles induced by ACh. Costunolide,dehydrocostus lactone,santalol,muscone,emodin,chrysophanol,physcion,crotonoside,magnolol,and honokiol were also significantly effective against ACh-induced ileal smooth muscle contraction. Conclusions WCA,EE,WE,and their active ingredients may help to promote intestinal smooth muscle relaxation by blocking the binding of the M3 receptor on the membrane of ileal smooth muscle with ACh.