Objective To explore the application and assess the cosmetic effect of mammaplasty with volume-displacement technique(VDT)following breast conserving surgery.Methods Breast conservation therapy(BCT) was performed in 77 patients of early breast cancer(EBC).Of the patients,42 cases received oncoplastic VDT (onco-plastic group)and 35 cases had only direct skin closure without treatment of the postresection defect (regular group) following BCT.The cosmetic results of the two groups were evaluated after operation and radiotherapy,respectively. Results All patients were followed up for 1 -36 months with median follow -up of 22.3 months,and no recurrence or metastasis occurred in one of the patients.1 month after surgery,the excellent or good cosmetic outcome were achieved in 31 cases (73.81%)in oncoplastic group and 17 cases (48.57%)in regular group respectively,and there was statistical difference between the two groups (χ2 =5.442,P =0.021);1 month after radiotherapy,the cos-metic excellent or good result were obtained in 27 cases (64.29%)in oncoplastic group and 6 cases (17.14%)in regular group respectively,and the difference between the two groups reached statistical significance (χ2 =9.045,P =0.008).Conclusion VDT can improve the cosmetic effect of mammaplasty following BCT in EBC and does not affect curative effect,it is worthy of promoting.

OBJECTIVEGuanxin II is a famous modern formula of traditional Chinese medicine. Guanxin II after myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiac anatomy and function. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Guanxin 1I on cardiac protein expression after MI.

METHODRats were randomized into 3 groups, sham, model and treating groups. Model and treating groups were fed with Guanxin II and sham group was fed with water for 10 days before MI. MI operation is to ligate left coronary artery. 24 hours after MI, myocardial protein expression of junctional zone was assessed with 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectra analysis.

RESULTGuanxin II was found to be able to improve myocardial protein expression, especially 11 proteins. These proteins are mainly involved in suppressing changes of cell shape and structure and energy metabolism.

CONCLUSIONGuanxin II after MI affected myocardial protein expression. Further experiments of larger research extent should be done to receive more results.

Animals ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Heart ; drug effects ; Male ; Muscle Proteins ; metabolism ; Myocardial Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats

Animal model is an animal material with human mimic performance established in biomedical scientific research. It can be used as experimental basis for studies of experimental hypothesis and clinical hypothesis. It can shorten the research time and observe the whole process of disease occurrence, development or prevention and treatment. Human biomedical research is largely limited by the biological complexity. In order to overcome this limitation, based on the immunosuppressive characteristics of a severely immunodeficient ( SCID) or recombinant activated gene ( Ragnul ) in mice, humanized mouse models of human diseases can be established and have been widely used to study the underlying principles of human immunobiology and complex pathological mechanisms of human diseases. This approach has become one of the important ways to promote the development of medical sciences, with practicality and foresight. In this paper, the application and research progress of humanized mouse models are reviewed.

AIMTo investigate the expression and role of inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) in acute lung injury following limb ischemia/reperfusion (4h/4h).

METHODSWistar rats were randomized into four groups: control group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, L-Arginine (L-Arg) pretreatment group, Aminoguanidine (AG) pretreatment group. The lung tissue of each group was subjected to assay of content of MDA, MPO, W/D and NO2-/NO3-. The expression of iNOS and eNOS was examined with immunohistological staining. The pulmonary morphologic changes were observed under microscope respectively.

RESULTSThe acute lung injury existed after limb ischemia/reperfusion. The eNOS downregulation and iNOS upregulation among I/R, L-Arg and AG groups were observed contrasted to the control group. There was no expressional and statistical difference of iNOS between I/R group and L-Arg group. The expression of eNOS was similar between IR and AG but iNOS expression was downregulated in AG. The parameters of MDA, MPO, W/D and NO2-/NO3- in pulmonary tissue were significantly increased in I/R groups compared with those of the control group. The parameters of L-Arg and AG pretreatment groups in comparison with those of the I/R group showed significantly difference. Based on the results of pulmonary pathology, the congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells existed obviously in IR group. L-Arg played definite role in militating lung injury and AG might make lung injury aggravated.

CONCLUSIONThe NO definite production from iNOS is possible to play a competitivly protective role in acute lung injury following limb ischemia/reperfusion and antagonist of iNOS may aggravate the lung injury.

Acute Lung Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; Animals ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

AIMTo investigate the spatial and temporal expression of germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) in mouse and rat epididymis during postnatal period.

METHODSThe epididymal sections from different postnatal days were stained for GCNF by the indirect immunofluorescence technique and digital photographs were taken by a Carl Zeiss confocal microscope.

RESULTSGCNF was first detected on day 12 in mouse epididymis and day 14 in rat epididymis. The highest expression of GCNF was observed on day 35 in both mouse and rat epididymis. In adults, GCNF exhibited a region-specific expression pattern, i.e., it was expressed predominantly in the initial segment, caput and proximal corpus of rat epididymis and was abundant in the proximal corpus of mouse epididymis. GCNF could be found in the nuclei of the principal, apical, narrow, clear and halo cells.

CONCLUSIONGCNF may play an important role in epididymal differentiation and development and in sperm maturation.

Aging ; Animals ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; Epididymis ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6, Group A, Member 1 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; analysis ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODSThe serum anti-HHV-6 antibody titers from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and control subjects were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. HHV-6 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and control subjects was amplified by PCR with primers from sequence of HHV-6 and the specificity was confirmed by Southern-blot hybridization with an internal probe oligonucleotide. An immunohistochemical staining using rabbit anti-HHV-6 antibody was used to detect HHV-6 antigen in oral tumor tissues from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

RESULTSSignificantly higher proportion of patients with oral carcinoma (16/16) had IgG antibody to HHV-6 in sera compared with those (12/16) in control subjects, and geometric mean titer of these two groups was 1:118 and 1:64 respectively (P less than 0.05). The detectable rate of HHV-6 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells for the above groups was 10/16 and 6/16 respectively (P less than 0.05). HHV-6 antigens were positive in 9 out of 12 oral tumor cases and in only 2 out of 8 pericancerous tissues the difference between these two groups was also significant (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrated the frequent presence of HHV-6 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, therefore, HHV-6 possibly play a role in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Herpesviridae Infections ; complications ; virology ; Herpesvirus 6, Human ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Infant ; Mouth Neoplasms ; virology

AIM:To understand the clinic effect of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) drugs injection in the treatment of fundus disease in the real-world study (RWS).METHODS:The clinical cases treated with anti-VEGF drugs in our department from September 2012 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study.Retrospective investigation was reviewed to the kinds of diseases, frequency, usage, efficacy, adverse reaction, and the effects on visual acuity, fundus and macular thickness which were treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs injection.RESULTS:In 305 patients (340 eyes) treated with anti-VEGF drugs, 53 patients (60 eyes, 17.6%) were wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) 16 cases (18 eyes, 5.3%), diabetic macular edema (DME) 120 cases (134 eyes, 39.4%), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) secondary macular edema 61 cases (68 eyes, 20.0%), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) secondary macular edema 29 cases (32 eyes, 9.4%), idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV) 16 cases (18 eyes, 5.3%), high myopia with choroid neovascularization 4 cases (4 eyes, 1.2%), neovascular glaucoma 4 cases (4 eyes, 1.2%), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) 1 cases (1 eyes, 0.2%) and optic papillary neovascularization 1 cases (1 eyes, 0.2%).The minimum age was 16 years old, and the maximum age 90 years old.There were 247 cases (275 eyes, 80.9%) were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injection, 58 cases (65 eyes, 19.1%) intravitreal conbercept injection.The time number of all patients accepted anti-VEGF drugs treatment was 465, with an average of 1.7 times per eye.Which, the 3 + PRN treatment method in 98 patients (109 eyes, 32.1%), 1 + PRN treatment in 207 patients (231 eyes, 67.9%).69 cases (77 eyes, 22.6%) were used alone to receive anti-VEGF drugs therapy, 10 cases (11 eyes, 3.2%) combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection(TA), 35 cases (39 eyes, 11.5%) combined with vitrectomy, 26 cases (29 eyes, 8.5%) combined with photodynamic treatment (PDT), 165 cases (184 eyes, 54.1%) combined with simple laser treatment.After anti-VEGF drug treatment, majority of patients' the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus and central macular thickness(CMT) were significantly improved, compared with the pre-treatment, the difference is significant (P<0.05).So that anti-VEGF drugs can effectively improve visual function and ocular fundus for fundus diseses.There were no serious adverse reactions except 3 patients appearling skin redness, itching, rash, 1 patient low low-grade fever and 1 patient acute cerebral infarction during the treatment.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs injection can significantly improve the visual function and ocular fundus for patients with fundus diseases, but there are still some adverse events, which should be attached great importance to medical workers.

Objective To know the prevalence tendency of Keshan disease(KSD) under control after 10 years in Shaanxi Province, the factors that causes or relative to the disease, to provide scientific reference for disease's prevention and control. Methods Through stratified cluster sampling, based on the severity of KSD in endemic area of Shaanxi Province, 12 villages from 6 counties were randomly selected as investigation points in 2006. The people older than 3 year-old were chosen to do clinical check up and electrocardiogram tracing. Among them, suspicious or abnormal cases were asked to take chest X-ray and cardiac ultrasound. Maize and rice, hair and whole blood were randomly collected to test the selenium content, the activity of Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Results The total detection rate of potential or chronic KSD was 2.44%(139/5694), the detection rate of abnormal ECG was 9.19% (523/5692), the detection rate of cardiac enlargement from chest X-ray and cardiac ultrasound were 45.6%(72/158) and 34.5%(59/171) respectively. The average content of selenium in staple foods(wheat and corn) were[(0.045±0.036), (0.035±0.025)mg/kg, respectively]. The level of hair selenium in patients and healthy people were [(0.376±0.091), (0.384±0.077)mg/kg, respectively], with non-significant different (u=0.77, P>0.05). There were significant differences in whole blood selenium of patients, healthy people in KSD areas and healthy people in non-KSD areas[(0.071±0.017), (0.077±0.017), (0.090±0.016)mg/L, respectively; F=4.55, P<0.05), the whole blood selenium in patients lower than in healthy people in KSD areas (P<0.05), in healthy people in KSD areas lower than in non-KSD areas (P<0.05). Conclusions After the KSD condition being controlled, the situation in Shaanxi Province has become stable and exhibited a decreasing tendency. The selenium level of both internal and external environment in the endemic area increased significantly, that is the main factors of controlling disease.

Objective To explore surgical treatment of gliomas involving the motor eloquent area. Methods Twelve cases of gliomas involving precentral gyrus were underwent awake surgery procedures assis- ted with neuronavigation and brain functional mapping by cortical electrical stimulation.Results Eleven ca- ses acquired accurate location of both lesions and eloquent areas by neuronavigation and direct cortical stimula- tion.7 cases of motor cortices and 2 cases of motor speech centers were confirmed during the operation.Re- section,verified by postoperative MRI,was total in 8 cases (66.7%) and subtotal in 4 patients.Histological examination revealed an infiltrative glioma in all cases (8 low grade astrocytomas,2 high grade astrocytomas and 2 glioblastoma).Four patients had no postoperative deficit,while the other 8 patients were impaired, with,in all cases except one,complete recovery in 7 days to one month.Conclusion Direct cortical elec- trical stimulations and awake surgery offer a reliable,precise and safe method,allowing functional mapping es- pecially useful in case of infiltrative cerebral tumors in eloquent areas.This technique allows improvement in the quality of tumoral resection and concurrently a minimization of the risk of definitive postoperative neurologi- cal deficit.