Graphite ; Humans ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Vanadium ; urine

Adult ; Coke ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Pyrenes ; pharmacokinetics ; Urine ; chemistry ; Young Adult

Background Fibrin glue has been utilized to adhere the graft during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Several relevant clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) and retrospective studies have been published abroad,but the samples for its effectiveness and safety issue of fibrin glue and suture are still underinvestigation.Objective Current study was to quantificationally assess the efficacy and safety of fibrin glue versus sutures in the application of pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Methods Based on established search strategy,a computerized literature search was conducted to identify all citations concerning the RCT for effectiveness and safety evaluation of fibrin glue and suture for the graft fixation during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts from MEDLINE ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),EMbase ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials ( Issue 4,2010 ),CBMdisc ( 2000 to October 2010 ),CNKI ( 2000 to October 2010 ),and the relevant conference proceedings and references searched by hand was performed as supplement.The included literature was scored with Jadad table.The Cochrane Collaboration' s RevMan 5.0 software was used for the test of heterogeneity or test for overall effect.The effective indexes,such as operative duration,recurrence rate and complication,were evaluated by Meta analysis.Results Six RCTs involving 401 eyes of 377 participants were identified.These literatures were published with English in 2004-2010 from China,New Zealand,Sweden,Israel,Turkey and Malasia and the Jadad scores were 4-5.The quantitatively analysis revealed that fibrin glue appeared to short the operative time compared with suturing method (MD =14.23 ;95％ CI:- 16.18- 12.29;P=0.00) and drop the rate of recurrence ( RR =0.49,95％ CI:0.26 -0.95 ; P =0.03 ).No significant differences were found in the rate of postoperative graft dehiscence or absence (RR =3.41,95 ％ CI:0.85-13.68;P =0.08 ).Conclusions Fibrin glue shows the good effectiveness and easy application during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Long-term follow-up of multi-central RCTs with a larger number of cases are still needed to support this conclusion.

Background Sweep pattern visual evoked potential (SVEP) is an objective method of visual test.There is a clear correlation between SVEP acuity and subjective vision,but they are not identical.Recent studies showed that new regression method can improve the accuracy of SVEP acuity. Objective This trial was to investigate and compare the outcome between amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP) regression method and amplitudelogVA (A-logVA) regression method in extrapolating the SVEP acuity.Methods SVEP was recorded in 113 eyes of 64 subjects using GT-2000 ( Guo Te,China) with the gratings of 10 different spatial frequency from 0.99 to 12.89 cpd as stimulus.The 1 13 eyes included cataract,glaucoma,corneal disease,optical neuropathy,retinal disease,ocular trauma,refractive error and normal eyes.The correlation were analyzed of SVEP acuity,decimal visual acuity and LogMAR visual acuity.The response were averaged and DFT on the monitor display.SVEP acuity was calculated by extrapolating 0 response amplitude.Results The correlation indices of decimal visual acuity curves obtained by the A-logVA function was 0.663,and that obtained by the A-SP function was 0.705.The positive correlation was seen between subjective decimal visual acuity and A-logVA decimal visual acuity (r =0.540,P＜ 0.01 ) and between subjective decimal acuity and decimal acuity calculated by the A-SP regression method (r=0.620,P＜0.01 ).SVEP decimal acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was significantly different from the that calculated by the A-logVA function regression method (Z =-8.688,P＜0.01 ).And the correlation indices of LogMAR visual acuity curves obtained by the A-logVA function was 0.733 and that obtained by the A-SP function was 0.715.The positive correlation was found between the subjective LogMAR acuity and that calculated by the A-SP regression method (r=0.700,P＜ 0.01 ) and between the subjective LogMAR acuity and LogMAR acuity calculated by the A-logVA regression method (r=0.710,P＜0.01 ).SVEP LogMAR acuity from A-SP function regression method was significantly different from the LogMAR acuity from A-logVA function regression method (Z=-8.748,P＜0.01 ).No significant differences of VA LogMAR were found in gender,eyes,type of disease and age(x2 =2.171,P=0.338;x2 =0.976,P=0.614;x2 =6.032,P=0.420;x2 =14.720,P=0.257 ).Conclusions SVEP can obtain the visual outcome in human.The amplitude-logVA function regression method is more accurate in extrapolating SVEP acuity.

BackgroundSweep pattern visual evoked potential(SPVEP) acuity,as an objective detective technique of visual function,can be used to measure visual acuity in children and uncooperative adults.Recent studies have shown that the amplitude-logarithm of the visual angle (A-LogVA) function regression method was more accurate than the amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP)function regression method in evaluating SPVEP acuity.Objective This study was to explore the clinical use of SPVEP acuity in visual developing children and compare the evaluating the SPVEP acuity of children between A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method.Methods Twenty-six eyes of 26 asthenopic children with age range of 3-12 years and 31 age-matched normal children were enrolled in this study.SPVEP acuity was recorded with GT-2000 NV ( GUOTE MEDICAL APPARATUS LTD,China) using sinusoidally modulated horizontal gratings of 10 different spatial frequencies from 0.99 to 12.89 cpd as stimulus.The responses were averaged and displayed through discrete Fourier transformations (DFT) on the monitor display.SPVEP acuity was estimated by using both the SPVEP A-SP function regression method and the SPVEP A-LogVA function regression method.The LogMAR chart was used to acquire LogMAR visual acuity.ResultsIn the normal group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.600 (P＜0.01).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.733 ( P＜0.01 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 113.173 (P＜0.01 ),which indicated that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were respectively 0.40±0.02,0.26 ±0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.02.In the amblyopia group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.134 (P =0.515 ).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.456 ( P＜0.05 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 3.433 (P＜0.05),indicating that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 0.07±0.05,0.12±0.05 and 0.05 ±0.01 respectively.Conclusions SPVEP can evaluate the visual acuity in children,although SPVEP acuity may overestimate or underestimate acuity in comparison with different LogMAR visual acuities.The amplitude-LogVA function regression method is more accurate in extrapolating SPVEP acuity.

AIM: To investigate the effect of ischemia induced by central retinal artery occlusion on retinal microstructure of macula using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients with unilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in two to three days without fully recovery of retinal circulation underwent OCT examination with 4.5 mm length horizontal and vertical line scans through foveola to measure the retinal neurosensory layer (RNL) thickness on foveola, 175 ?m (fovea), 750 ?m (macula) to foveola, respectively. The other normal eyes of patients as control group underwent the same examination and measurement. RESULTS: The mean RNL thickness(?m) on foveola, fovea, macula were 169 91?10 96, 176 36?11 74 and 256 45?16 95 respectively in normal control eyes, and 235 64?47 02 , 241 84?49 36 and 401 57?54 53 respectively in CRAO eyes with retinal ischemia. There was a significant difference in thickness between two group ( P

Objective To investigate the waveform of the first-order kernel and second-order kernel of muhifocal electroretinogram stimulated with light emitting diode(LED).Design Prospective,noncomparative,interventional case series.Participant 18 subjects(18 eyes)who had been accepted the mfERG test.Method The patients were devided into two groups,they accepted the muhifocal elec- troretinogram(mfERG)stimulated with cathode ray tube(CRT)and LED using the Roland RETI Scan3.15 system.The first-order kernel or the second-order kernel was analyzed.The stimulation time of LED were changed from 1.7ms to 16.7ms.Five different stimulation time of LED in this study were 1/10(1.7ms),3/10(5ms),5/10(8.3ms),7/10(ll.7ms)and 10/10(16.7ms).Main Outcome Measure The summed responses were observed.The waveform,amplitude and implicit times of mfERG summed response were analyzed.Result The waveforms of the first-order kernel stimulated by LED were similar to those of CRT.In the second-order kernels of mfERG,the wave- forms were obviously different from those stimulated by LED and CRT.The P1 wave stimulated by CRT was sharp,but the P1 wave of LED was broad.The N2 wave of LED was deeper.The amplitude of N1 wave and P1 wave were increased,and their implicit times pro- longed with the stimulation times prolonging.Conclusion In the first-order kernel of mfERG,the waveform of the summed response stimulated by LED was similar to that of LED.In the second-order kernel of mfERG,the waveform stimulated by LED was more com- plicated,may be there were more inner retina information.(Ophthalmol CHN,2006,15:351-355)

Objective:To investigate the effect of carvedilol on expression of cardiac matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs)after myocardial infarction in rats.Methods:An animal model of acute myocar- dial infarction(AMI)was established by descending left coronary artery ligation in 24 rats and they were divided into carvedilol (10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))group(n=12)and normal saline group(n=12).Sham operated group(n=9)received the same proce- dure but with no ligation.All animals were treated for 6 weeks via a gastric lavage.Heart function and hemodynamic parame- ters were determined after 6 weeks.The protein expression of cardiac MMP-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-2 was detected by immuno- histoehemical analysis in AMI groups,and the MMPs activities were assessed by zymography.Gene expression of myocardial MMPs/TIMPs(MMP-2,9 and TIMP-1,2)and cytokines(TNF-?,IL-1?)were measured by real-time quantitative PCR.Re- suits:Compared with Sham-operated group,earvedilol group had significantly higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LV- EDP)and lower LV upstroke velocity(+dp/dt_(max))and LV descent velocity(-dp/dt_(max))(P

Objective To investigate the axonal lesion in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(CIDP).Methods Eighteen patients had undergone sural nerve biopsy.The clinical and electrophysiological distinction based on the different pathological changes were analyzed.Results Five patients with demyelination predominance which presented myelinated fiber with thin myelin.Three of them showed also mild axonal degeneration.Eight patients with axonal lesion predominance which presented Wallerian degeneration and regeneration of myelinated fibers.Three patients with mixed myelin and axon lesion of myelinated fibers and two with mild lesion.There was no significant difference between CIDP predominantly with axonal lesion and demyelination.Electrophysiological examination shows both axonal lesion and demyelination feature in some of the 2 types patients at the same time.Conclusions Axonal lesion is a common pathological change in CIDP and should not be considered as an exclusive criterion in diagnosis of the disease.Infiltration of macrophages is a common change.

Animals ; Male ; Particle Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry ; toxicity