Objective To find the optimal stimulation parameters of electroacupuncture for incision pain and visceral dragging pain after surgery.Method Databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang (WF), VIP and PubMed were retrieved by using computer. The eligible literatures related to the clinical and experimental studies on electroacupuncture for post-operative pain were summarized and the frequencies of the involved electroacupuncture parameters were counted.Result For incision pain, electroacupuncture was used after surgery, with continuous wave, usually a low frequency ranged 2~15 Hz and a current of 2~5 mA; for visceral dragging pain, electroacupuncture was used before surgery, with sparse-intense wave, alternate frequencies majorly at 2/100 Hz and a medium or low current intensity within patient’s endurance. Conclusion In clinical application, the elctroacupuncture parameters should be chosen carefully according to the type of post-operative pain.

ObjectiveTo analyze literature on acupuncture-related adverse events published in periodicals in Science Citation Index (SCI) and Medllars Online(Medline).MethodsWe searched the Web of Science database and the Medline database to identify articles about the safety of acupuncture therapy.Case reports,case series,surveys and other observational studies were included if they reported factual data,but review articles,translations and clinical trials were excluded.ResultsFindings:The inclusion criteria were met by 232 articles that in total reported on 389 cases of adverse events after acupuncture.Conclusion Acupuncture therapy is relatively safe,most acupuncture-related adverse events can be avoided by standardized clinical practice.Establishment of acupuncture medical safety standard system is extremely urgent.

Objective:To explore the impact of clinical pharmacists involved in the treatment team on the reasonable drug use rate in medical orders. Methods:Totally 782 medical records including hypertension and 1-3 kinds of hypertension associated diseases in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2011 were used as the pre-intervention group, and 1 061 ones with the same conditions from September 2012 to August 2013 were used as the post-intervention group. The patients of the two groups were divided into 8 dis-ease subgroups, clinical pharmacists performed timely intervention on the medical orders in the post-intervention group, and the rational drug use rate between the two groups was compared. Results:In hypertension, hypertension associated coronary heart disease, hyper-tension with heart failure and hypertension with diabetes subgroups,the difference in the rational drug use proportion before and after the intervention was statistically significant(P<0. 01), in hypertension with coronary heart disease and heart failure, hypertension associ-ated coronary heart disease and diabetes, hypertension with heart failure and diabetes subgroup, the difference in the rational drug use proportion before and after the intervention was statistically significant(P<0. 05), while in hypertension with coronary heart disease, heart failure and diabetes subgroups, the difference was not statistically significant(P>0. 05). After the medical records in the 8 sub-groups were aggregated, the difference in the rational drug use proportion before and after the intervention was statistically significant( P<0. 01). Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists should involve in the clinical treatment to intervene irrational drug use,which can signifi-cantly improve the medical record rationality, avoid the health risks as much as possible and ensure the medication safety and treatment effectiveness for patients.

BACKGROUND:Increasingly studies report that the normal balance of bone metabolism may be destroyed in the case of postmenopausal osteoporosis or osteoarthritis. The concrete metabolic process of bone turnover could be revealed sensitively by measuring the bone turnover markers in the serum or urine.
OBJECTIVE:To study the bone density and bone metabolic index of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), and to discuss the characteristics of bone density and bone metabolic index in KOA and PMO.
METHODS:A total of 248 postmenopausal women were detected for bone mineral density and knee X-ray. Final y 180 patients were included in this study and were divided into three groups:KOA group, PMO group, and control group. The levels of bone turnover markers (bone alkaline phosphatase, bone gla protein, col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b) in serum from the participants were measured. The correlation between bone turnover markers and the disease progression was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone mineral density in the KOA group was higher than the control group but col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide was lower. The levels of bone gla protein, col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b in serum from PMO group were higher than the control group. The decrease of col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide was associated with the incidence of KOA, and the increases of bone gla protein, col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b were associated with the incidence of PMO. The lower bone absorption can be seen in postmenopausal women with KOA. PMO patients showed a higher bone turnover rate. The difference of bone metabolism between patients with KOA and PMO led to negative relationship of bone mineral density. The serum levels of bone gla protein, col agen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b can assist clinical diagnose and therapeutic effect detection of both KOA and PMO.

Objective To investigate the expression of pSTAT5 in 7 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines,and the change of expression of pSTAT5 in pancreatic carcinoma cells SW1990 after growth hormone (GH) treatment, and explore its molecular mechanism. Methods Human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (SW1990, Cap-1, Colo, Mia, AsPc, P3, PANC1) were cultured in vitro, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of pSTAT5 in these cell lines. SW1990 in exponential growth phase was collected and nude Balb/c mice were inoculated with SW1990 cells. When tumors became palpable after inoculation, mice (normal saline group). 1 h, 2 h and 24 h after the last dose of GH treatment, the mice were sacrificed.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of pSTAT5 in SW1990 and inoculation tumor cells after GH injection. Results Positive expression of pSTAT5 was observed in all human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (SW1990, Cap-1, Colo, Mia, Aspc, P3, PANC1). 5 minutes after GH (50 ng/ml) stimulation, the expression of pSTAT5 in SW1990 was 0.57 ±0.05, which was significantly increased; and it reached 0.64 ±0.04 at 10 minutes, then decreased to 0.39 ±0.03 at 15 minutes, however, it remained higher than that in the control group at 1 h (0.33 ± 0.02 vs 0.25 ± 0.06), and its expression at 2 h was 0.26 ± 0.03 and returned to the normal level. The expression of pSTAT5 in xenograft was not significantly changed. Conclusions GH could rapidly up-regulate the expression of pSTAT5 in SW1990 but the effect lasted for a relatively short period. GH had no significant effect on the expression of pSTAT5 in xenograft.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases

Objective To analyze the risk factors and correlation between clinical indicators and the four main pathological lesions of IgA ne?phropathy in the Oxford classification:mesangial hypercellularity(M0/1),endocapillary proliferation(E0/1),segmental sclerosis or adhesion(S0/1), and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis(T0/1/2). Methods Clinical and pathological data were collected from 514 patients with biopsy?proven IgA nephropathy admitted in our hospital from February 17,2006 to October 11,2011. These patients were all above 18 years old. Cases with sec?ondary causes of mesangial IgA deposition were excluded,such as Henoch?chonlein purpura,ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis et al. The inde?pendent risk factors affecting the pathological classification were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis and two?category and multi?classi?fication logistic regression using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Results In 514 IgAN patients,the ratio of males to females was 1.06:1. The aver?age age was 35.70±11.99 years,and the average disease duration was 18.31±30.42 months. M0E0S0T0 was the major pathologic classification of isolated hematuria. Chronic kidney disease(CKD)stage,24 hours proteinuria,albuminuria,urine transferrin and IgG levels were positively corre? lated with M lesion;serum albumin,C3 and PLT showed a negative correlation with M lesion. Twenty four hours proteinuria and blood platelet count were the independent risk factors for M lesion. As shown by stratified analysis ,the proportion of M1 in cases with 24 hours proteinuria≥3.5 g/d is much higher than that in cases with non?nephrotic range proteinuria. Age,systolic blood pressure,uRBC,24 hours proteinuria,albuminuria urine transferrin and IgG levels were positively correlated with E lesion,Duration,serum albumin showed a negative correlation with E lesion. Age and duration of nephritis were independent risk factors for E lesion. 73.3%of patients that above 60 years old showed endothelial proliferation. CKD stage,24 hours proteinuria were positively correlated with S lesion. Age,CKD stage,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,C4,TC, LDL?C,CRP,Fib,UA,Cys?C and 24 hours proteinuria,urineβ2?microglobulin,albumin,transferrin and IgG levels were positively associated with T lesion;hemoglobin,serum albumin,serum IgG showed a negative correlation with T lesion. Infection history,high CRP levels,DBP more than 90 mmHg,hypoalbuminemia,high low density lipoproteinemia,and anemia were independent risk factors for T lesion. Conclusion Twenty four hours proteinuria,blood platelet count,age,duration of nephritis,hypoalbuminemia,anemia,hyperlipidemia,DBP≥90 mmHg and high CRP lev?els were risk factors for the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy. Renal biopsy should be carried out in time to make clear the pathological clas?sification and individual treatment,so as to improve the prognosis.

Objective To clarify the role of the virtual reality (VR)in the training of trans-femoral cerebral angiography for novices without any experience of intravascular manipulation. Methods Twenty-four novices without experiences of intravascular manipulation were divided into 2 groups (VR group or control group)with random pair method concerning the age,gender and subjects. The par-ticipants in control group were trained in routine manners while those in VR group practiced on a simulator and subsequently participated in real angiography once as assistants. Real angiography tests were performed for all participants after the training session and additional angiography tests were per-formed for VR group just after the stimulation session on the simulator. Real angiography tests were supervised and scored according to a modified rating scale by neuroradiological experts who were blinded to the novices' training procedures. Difference between the real test performance of the two groups were compared by pared-samples t test,while the correlation between the performance of the real tests and simulator tests of VR group was proved by Pearson correlation analysis. P<0.05 was con-sidered statistically significant. Results The mean scores of VR group were (27.6±3.6)and (26.4± 3.8)in the tests on simulator and real angiography tests respectively,while score of control group was (21.2±3.4)in the real angiography tests. A positive correlation was revealed in VR group between performance on the simulator and that on real patients (r=0.825,P=0.001). Real performance of the VR group was significantly better than that of control group (P=0.010). Conclusions Virtual reality could ensure transfer of acquired endovascular skills from simulators to patients so as to become a valid tool for novices to improve the interventional techniques in tranfemoral cerebral angiography.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the intratympanic inflation by tympanum inflatable balloon for patients with Meniere’s disease(MD) .Methods A total of 36 confirmed cases (according to the listening stage) of Ⅱ - Ⅲ period of MD patients were randomly divided into two groups :experimental group and control group ,18 cases of matched group ,who were staged before preoperation by hearing ,Ⅱ period (average threshold 25~40 dB HL) 6 cases ,Ⅲ period (41~70 dB HL) 12 cases ,were treated by intratympanic methylprednisolone per‐fusion after putting tympanostomy tube under endotoscope ,then once every 3 days perfusion with a total of three times .There were 18 cases of experimental group staged before preoperation by hearing ,Ⅱ period (average thresh‐old 25~40 dB HL) in 5 cases ,Ⅲ period (41~70 dB HL) 13 cases treated by using tympanum inflatable balloon in the tympanum under endotoscope .Two groups were given conventional improved microcirculation and nutritional therapy .Results In 18 cases of patients in experimental group ,for the 18 to 24 months follow -up after treatment ,6 cases of vertigo were fully controlled (grade A) ,10 cases of vertigo basically controlled (grade B) ,2 cases of vertigo partly controlled (grade C) .Vertigo effective control rate was 88 .89% (16/18) .After 18 to 24 months treatment ,two groups of 36 patients with tinnitus and pure tone average threshold had no obvious change .In 18 ca‐ses of patients in the matched group ,during the 18 to 24 months follow -up after treatment ,3 cases of vertigo were fully controlled (grade A) ,7 cases of vertigo basically controlled (grade B) ,8 cases of vertigo partly controlled (grade C) .Vertigo effective control rate was 55 .56% (10/18) .The experimental vertigo basic control rates were higher than the control group (χ2 = 4 .985 ,P<0 .05) .The activitives in the two groups had improved significantly . No obvious differences were found between two groups .Conclusion With the intratympanic gasing by tympanum in‐flatable balloon for patients of Ⅱ - Ⅲ Menier’s disease ,control rates was high and motile ability were improved , but tinnitus and hearing improvement was not obvious .

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a kind of important barrier system in the body. It can have a choice to prevent certain substances from entering the brain, in order to maintain the relative stability of internal environment of the central nervous system (CNS). However, it also became an important restriction factor for the treatment of CNS diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) had good curative effects on several kinds of CNS diseases, which illustrated that effective composition of TCM can pass through or influence the function of BBB. This paper summarized the research progress of literatures on current pharmacological and clinical trials for the effect of TCM on BBB.