BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that high-intensity exercise has immunosuppressive effect, while low- and medium-intensity exercises have anti-inflammatory effect, both of which offer protection against many chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between immune system and exercise so as to explore the relevant mechanism underlying immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS:CNKI, Wanfang, and PubMed databases were retrieved for articles related to exercise immunology published from January 1990 to April 2015. Relevant mechanisms of action and research prospects were analyzed and expected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sixty articles related to sports and immune were included. High-intensity exercise has been proved to have a inhibitory effect on the immune function, and theories about immunosuppressive effect after high-intensity exercise is elementarily systemized. How to reduce and avoid immunosuppression impact of high-intensity exercise is stil worth exploring. Anti-inflammatory effect of low- and medium-intensity exercises is becoming more and more popular. Especialy, the endocrine effects of the skeletal muscle and the two-way regulatory role of interleukin-6 in the effects of different intensity exercise on the immune response are worthy of further exploration.

ObjectiveTo investigate the gastric adaptation to aspirin in rats. MethodsMucosal in-jury was induced by repeated doses of acidified aspirin (ASA) in rats. Mucosal lessions and necrosis depth were measured. Mucosal contents of epidermal growth factor (EGF) were tested by radioimmunoassay. To test the possible implication of endogenous nitric oxide in gastric adaptation to aspirin. L-Arg, L-NAME and L-Arg +L-NAME were given intravenously 30 minutes before the exposure to ASA. ResultsThe lession areas of gas-tric mucosa in first exposure to ASA was (50.4 ± 6.2)mm2. After repeated dose of ASA, the mucosal lessions were significantly alleviate, P ＜0.01. The mucosal contents of EGF were significantly increased, P < 0.01.The rat mucosa had adaptation to ASA after pretreated L-Arg、L-NAME and L-Arg + L-NAME. The lession areas of the pretreated L-NAME rats were significantly bigger than that of the pretreated L-Arg rats. Conclu-sionGastric mucosa exhibits the ability to adapt to ulcerogenic action of aspirin. After four days repeated doses of ASA, the full adaptation to ASA was achieved. The mechanism of the adaptation was possibly through increased gastric mucosal EGF. NO played a part of role in the gastric adaptation to ASA.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum levels of unconjugated estriol (uE3)and human placental lacto-gen (hPL)and preeclampsia.Methods 123 cases of pregnant women diagnosed as preeclampsia were enrolled into observational group,and 1 50 cases of healthy pregnant women were enrolled into control group.Blood specimen were collected from the two groups in 28-<32 gestational weeks and 32-36 gestational weeks.Serum levels of uE3 and hPL were determined and compared between the two groups.Results The pregnancy outcomes of the control group were better than those of the observation group. With the increase of gestational age,there was increasing trend of serum levels of uE3 and hPL in the two groups.However,com-pared with the observation group,the serum levels of uE3 and hPL were higher in the control group,and the differences were statis-tically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion The decrease of serum levels of uE3 and hPL in pregnant women with preeclampsia may be associated with the pregnancy outcomes.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) technology play an important role in studying diseases in vitro. iPSC disease model was based on the iPSC technology, and has achieved important results in many diseases. For those spe-cific genetic diseases that are relatively easy to simulate, iPSC disease model is especially useful. This technology can direct-ly obtained required material from patients, which is free from ethical constraints and rich in cell sources . iPSC disease model as widely used in studying disease mechanism, drug screening, safety inspection, cell therapy, and so on. It is expect-ed to be used in gene correction, gene repair and to obtain the required target cells for the treatment. Cells modification caused by reprogram, lacking of optimum experimental scheme for cell differentiation and difference in genetic backgrounde limit the application of iPSC disease model. More advanced nonintegrated programming technology, improvement of culture conditions, stricter quality control and setting up the standard for iPSC disease model will help to solve these problems.

The S100 proteins are a multi-gene calcium-binding family,which are differently expressed in a variety of tumors.It is found to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis.As a tumor-associated biomarkers,unraveling the relationship between S100 and prostate cancer progression as well as molecular mechanisms,would provide an important basis for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.

Video assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) was rapidly developed in recent years.It's been widely accepted because it was minimally invasive and the patients were fast recovery with a survival rate similar to routine thoracotomy patients.However,more and more attention was paid to the side effect of general anesthesia with double cavity intubation during the surgery.Nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer was progressively developed.This surgery method decreases the side effect compared to general anesthesia with double cavity intubation.However,more surgical difficulty,additional surgical risk and prolonged surgery time were all inevitable become disadvantages of this new method.The less side effect of general anesthesia for patients and the more challenge for thoracic surgeon was brought simultaneous by this new method.More clinic trial should be implemented in validating the advantages and disadvantages.

ObjectiveTo observe the treatment possibility and effects on rats models with experimental femoral artery obliterans(EFAO) by transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells(EPC) from bone marrow. MethodsEFAO rat models were successfully made. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) were isolated from allogeneic male Wistar rat,cultured in DMEM in vitro. EGF,bFGF and IGF-1 were added into culture medium on the 10th day and the active EPC were labled with BrdU. 5×106 of the above cells were transplanted into the right hindlimbs i.m. as Group A in the 16 rats,and the same volume of normal saline into the opposite as Group B as control. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was taken on the 0 day、the 14th day and the 28th day after transplantation. On the 14 day and the 28 day 8 rats were sacrificed respectively and muscles of all hindlimbs were extracted for immunohistochemical examinations (by FⅧ and BrdU).Results1. In group A the skin blood perfusion in hindlimb were significantly increased as compared with group B(P<0.05). 2. Some positive stained EPC by BrdU were found in Group A but not in Group B. 3. The numbers of blood vessels with positive staining of FⅧ in hindlimb on the 28 day in Group A were more obviously than that in Group B (P<0.01). ConclusionTransplantation of EPC from bone marrow can significantly increase the skin blood perfusion and capillary density in ischemic hindlimbs in EFAOrats.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-79 yr,with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal hernia repair combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C) and ultrasound-guided TAP block group (group B).The ultrasound-guided TAP block was performed at the end of surgery and 20 ml of 0.375 ％ ropivacaine was injected in group B,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.Tramadol was injected intravenously when VAS score ≥ 4 after surgery.VAS scores at rest and during activity were recorded at 4,6,24 and 48 h after surgery.The warm block plane on the blocked side was measured at 24 and 48 h after surgery.The overall satisfaction on analgesia was scored and the time when the patients passed the flatus was recorded.TAP block-related side effects were recorded.Results Four patients required tramadol in group C,while no patients required rescue analgesic in group B.Compared with group C,VAS scores were significantly decreased,the overall satisfaction scores were increased (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the time when the patients passed the flatus in group B (P ＞ 0.05).The rate of warm plane block on the blocked side was 80％ at 24 h after surgery and there was not warm block plane in patients at 48 h after surgery in group B.There was not warm block plane in patients at 24 and 48 h after surgery in group C.TAP block-related side effects were not found in group B.Conclusion The efficacy of ultrasound-guided TAP block for postoperative analgesia is better in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair and the safety is higher.

Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Humans

Raman spectroscopy is an optical technology based on the theory of Raman scattering, which is generally used in the research of medical and biological science. Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect the molecular structures and components of proteins, lipids, DNA, and other biological molecules, and provide substantial information about molecules. Thus, Raman spectroscopy is generally considered a "molecular fingerprint", and it has exceptional advantages in medical research. Moreover, this technique can reflect the changes in molecular structures and detect the alterations of chemical constituents in the samples. Raman spectroscopy, given its high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of the biological samples, has been successfully used to detect and diagnose diseases in numerous sites, such as skin, oral mucosa, breast, head, and neck. In this paper, we introduce the application of Raman spectroscopy in stomatology by conducting a review of the literature.
DNA ; Lipids ; Oral Medicine ; Proteins ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman