Anemia, Aplastic ; therapy ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Retrospective Studies

AIM:To study pharmacokinetic of Pueraria Flavonid Nasal Drop in rabbits through nasal administration in comparison with oral administration. METHODS:Ten New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups randomly and administrated nasally and orally (106.4 mg/kg of pueraria flavonid). HPLC was adopted to detect pueraria flavonoid content and DAS 2.0 was used to calculate bioavailability. RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of nasal and oral administrations were AUC (0-∞)1 =(30.55?4.93)mg/(L?h),T max1 =(0.90?0.14)h,C max1 =(11.27?1.66)mg/L;AUC (0-∞)2 =(6.90?2.76)mg/(L?h),T max2 =(0.63?0.34)h,C max2 =(1.68?0.84)mg/L. Relative bioavailability of nasal delivery was 442.8%. CONCLUSION:Pueraria Flavonoid Nasal Drop is well absorbed in rabbits and has high bioavailability.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of ERCP for biliary stricture with duct stone after liver transplantation.Methods Clinical data of 60 patients undergoing ERCP for biliary stricture with duct stone after liver transplantation between January 2013 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results ERCP was successfully performed 78 times in 60 patients.Bile duct stenosis was cured in 24 cases (40％),improvement was observed in 27 cases (45％) and was not obvious in 9 cases (15％).Bile duct stones were successfully removed in 39 patients (65％).Incidence of post-ERCP complications was 13％ (8/60),including mild pancreatitis in 1 case,hyperamylasemia in 5 cases,biliary tract infection in 2 cases,which were all resolved after conservative treatment.Conclusion ERCP is a safe and effective treatment for biliary stricture with duct stone following liver transplantation.

Finite element method (FEM) is an effective mathematical method for stress analysis, and has been gradually applied in the study of biomechanics of human body structures. This paper reviews the construction, development, materials assignment and verification of FEM model of cervical vertebra, and it also states the research results of injury mechanism of whiplash injury and biomechanical response analysis of the cervical vertebra using FEM by researchers at home and abroad.
Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae/physiopathology* ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc/physiopathology* ; Male ; Models, Anatomic ; Soft Tissue Injuries/physiopathology* ; Stress, Mechanical ; Whiplash Injuries/physiopathology*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the time-course expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in cerebral cortex after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: The TBI model of mouse was established. The mice were divided in 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d after TBI, sham and control groups. The permeability of the blood brain barrier was evaluated by measuring the extravasation of Evans blue (EB) dye. The expression of ZO-1 in cerebral cortex in the injured area was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The extravasation of EB dye of injured cortex gradually increased from 1 h, peaked at 1-3 d and approximately decreased to normal at 7 d after TBI. Western blotting revealed that the expression of ZO-1 gradually decreased after 1 h, was at the lowest at 1-3 d, and then significantly increased after 7 d but was still lower than that of normal and sham groups. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that ZO-1 had strong expression in vessel of normal cortex, gradually decreased after TBI, and almost disappeared at 3 d after TBI and gradually recovered to normal level later. CONCLUSION The expression of ZO-1 in the injured cortex after TBI initially decreases and then increases. The negative correlation between ZO-1 expression and EB extravasation after TBI could be used as a new indicator for wound age estimation.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology* ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Permeability ; Tight Junctions/metabolism* ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein/metabolism*

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) implanted by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for patients with benign biliary stricture (BBS).Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with BBS underwent ERCP and FCSEMS placement between January 2012 and January 2016 were retrospectively recorded.Success rate of BBS,adverse events related to ERCP and stricture recurrence were analyzed.Results A total of 38 patients underwent FCSEMS placement with a mean time of stent in dwelling for 8 months (range:3-13months).During follow-up after the stent was removed,death of 1 patient after liver transplantation was due to unrelated cause.The mean follow-up time was 13 months (range:2-52 months) for other patients.Stricture recurrence occurred in 6 patients,including 2 cases of gallstone-related biliary strictures,1 case of chronic pancreatitis-related biliary strictures,2 cases of liver transplantation-related biliary strictures,and 1 case of post surgical-related biliary strictures.Stricture resolution occurred in 31 cases with 83.8％ (31/37) success rate,including 90.0％ (18/20) gallstone-related biliary strictures,75.0％ (3/4) chronic pancreatitis-related biliary strictures,80.0％ (8/10) liver transplantation-related biliary strictures,and 66.7％ (2/3)post surgical-related biliary strictures.The incidence of post-ERCP complications was 21.1％ (8/38),including mild pancreatitis in 5 case,hyperamylasemia in 2 cases,cholangitis in 1 case.All patients were cured by conservative treatment.Conclusion FCSEMS are effective and safe for BBS.Further studies are needed to assess the indwelling time of FCSEMS,whether FCSEMS are superior to multiple plastic stents and the different efficacy of FCSEMS for BBS caused by different etiology.

Objective To observe the effect of the therapy using NO with plateau air balance on acute high altitude disease.Methods Forty-seven acute high altitude disease patients were selected and divided into two groups randomly: twenty-three cases as a routine drug treatment group which used the protocol of inhaling oxygen and the drugs including Aminophylline,DEX and Frusemide,while twenty-four cases as a NO treatment group which only used the protocol of inhaling 0.001% NO gas air balanced in plateau(altitude 3,658 m)twice daily,an hour each.Observe the two groups' clinical symptoms,physical signs and clinical symptom's scores before and after the three day treatment.Results The clinical symptoms,physical signs and clinical symptom's scores of the two groups after the three day treatment improved significantly.The effect of the NO treatment group was more significant(the drug group P

To control the quality of Humulus scandens, the quality standard was established in this study. According to the method recorded in the Appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 Edition) , the water and ash inspections were carried out. The component luteoloside and cosmosiin in Humulus scandens were identified and assayed by TLC and HPLC. The results showed a strong characteristics microscopic of Humulus scandens, and trichoromethane-methanol-formic acid (10: 3: 0. 3) as the mobile phase of TLC, the spots at 365 nm with a UV lamp was clear. The 16 batches of samples were analyzed by HPLC with a gradient elution of acetonitrile and phosphate solution (0.2%) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1) and detected at 350 nm. The content of luteoloside was 0.015%- 0.651% (average 0.148%); the content of cosmosiin was 0.003%-0.118% (average 0.036%). The linear calibration curve of luteoloside and cosmosiin was acquired in the ranges of 0.011-0.364 g · L(-1) (r = 1.000 0) and 0.003-0.096 g · L(-1) (r = 1.000 0), respectively. The average recovery was 100.5% and 98.5%, respectively. The methods are convenient and reliable, which can be ap- plied for quality assessment of Humulus scandens.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; Humulus ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Microbial xylanases have received a great deal of attention in the last two decades for their potential applications in food, paper making and animal feed industries. Bacillus pumilus WL-11 was identified as a producer of alkane xylanase free of cellulase after screening soil samples of paper-making factories. The xylanase A (XylA) was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of Bacillus pumilus WL-11 by (NH4) 2SO4 precipitation, CM-Sephadex and Sephadex G-75 chromatographies. The molecular mass of XylA is estimated to be 26.0 kD by SDS-PAGE and its isoelectric point is 9.5. The apparent Km is 16.6 mg/mL and V(max) is 1263 micromol/(min x mg) towards oat spelt xylan. XylA is optimally active between pH 7.2 and 8.0, and stable at pH 6.0 to 10.4. The enzyme is optimally active at 45 degrees C - 55 degrees C and stable at temperature below 45 degrees C, with its half time of activity of 35 min and 15 min at 55 degrees C and 60 degrees C respectively. HPLC analysis revealed that hydrolysis patterns of xylans from oat spelt, birch wood and beech wood by purified XylA were different. The XylA is determined to be an endo-beta-1,4-xylanase, as it generated mainly xylotriose and no xylose was detected among the three hydrolysates. XylA has strong hydrolytic activity towards the pentose in the hydrolysates of beech wood and birch wood xylans, but was not active to the pentose in the hydrolysate of oat spelt xylan. The crude WL-11 enzyme can efficiently hydrolyze oat spelt xylan to a series of xylo-oligosaccharides, suggesting its potential application in nutraceutical industry.
Bacillus ; classification ; enzymology ; Bacterial Proteins ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Substrate Specificity

A method for the determination of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine in fermentation liquid using the high performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detector (HPLC-UV) was developed.A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.1～1.0g/L (r = 0.9969) for S-Adenosyl-L-methionine.The average recoveries of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine were 99.89%～101.7% and the relative standard deviations were 0.48%～1.36%.The method is simple and rapid with reproducibility for the determination of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine in ferment liquid.