Objective To investigate the effect of morphine on the expression of p53 mRNA and E2F-1 mRNA in human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC-803 .Methods The human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 was purchased from Cell Biology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and cultured in DMEM liquid culture mediun. The cells were seeded in 6-well plates (1 × 103/ml or 2 × 105/ml, 1 ml/well) and divided into 2 groups (n = 18 wells each):group Ⅰ normal control (group C); group Ⅱ was exposed to 10 μmol/L morphine (group M). The proliferation of the cells was determined by colony formation assay at 7 day of incubation with morphine. The expression of p53 mRNA and E2F-1 mRNA was detected and the ulrastructure of the cells examined with transmission electron microscope after being incubated with morphine for 24 h. Results The proliferation of the cells and E2F-1 mRNA expression were significantly lower and p53 mRNA expression was significantly higher in group M than in group C (P ＜ 0.05). The nuclear evelope was intact and the nucleolus and chromosomes were clearly visible in group C, while in group M fragmentation of nuclear envelope and nucleolus and apoptotic bodies were observed. Conclusion Morphine can inhibit the proliferation of the cells and accelerate the cell apoptosis through up-regulating the expression of p53 gene and down-regulating the expression of E2F-1gene in human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC-803.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of propofol and etomidate on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons in rats.MethodsOne hundred and forty male 4 weeks old SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C) ; groups P1,2,3 received intraperitoneal (IP) propofol 50,100 and 200mg/kg and groups E1,2,3 received IP etomidate 10,30 and 60 mg/kg respectively.Arterial blood samples were obtained at 2 h after the animals were fully awake for blood gas analysis.The animals were then sacrificed and their brains removed for microscopic examination of the ultrastructure of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area and detection of Survivin and Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampus by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference in PaO2,PaCO2,SaO2,HCO3-,BE and pH value among the 7 groups.The neurons in CA1 area were basically normal in groups C,P1 and E1 while condensation of the chromatin of the nucleus and apoptotic bodies were observed in groups P3 and E3.Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression was significantly up-regulated while Survivin mRNA and protein down-regulated in groups P3 and E3.Conclusion High dose of propofol and etomidate may induce apoptosis in hippocampal neurons in rats by up-regulation of Caspase-3 expression and down-regulation of Survivin expression.

Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are common in forensic appraisal of orbital fracture. Now imaging technology is very important for studying the forensic features of orbital fracture and evaluating the degree of injury. This article reviews the classification, pathogenesis and imaging diagnosis of orbital fracture. It may do some help to forensic appraisal of orbital fracture.
Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbital Fractures/diagnosis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of propofol anesthesia on the long-term cognitive function in neonatal rats.Methods One hundred 7-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 9-18 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =20 each) ∶ control group (C group) and propofol 25,50,100 and 200mg/kg groups (groups P1-4,respectively).Groups P1 and P2 received intraperitoneal propofol 25 and 50 mg/kg,respectively.Groups P3 and P4 received intraperitoneal propofol 100 and 200 mg/kg,respectively,and after righting reflex completely recovered,an increment of propofol 50 mg/kg was given until the total amount was finished.Five animals in each were chosen and arterial blood samples were obtained immediately after the animals were fully awake for blood gas analysis.The rats were then continuously fed.When the rats were 9 weeks old,the spatial learning and memory function was tested by Morris water maze.The animals were then sacrificed and their brains were removed for detection of the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and Caspase-9 protein and mRNA in hippocampal tissues (by Western blot analysis and RT-PCR) and for microscopic examination of the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons.Results There was no significant difference in blood gas analysis index between the 5 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group C,no significant change was found in the escape latency and frequency of crossing the original platform in group P1,the escape latency was prolonged and the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased in groups P2-4,the expression of NGF protein and mRNA was down-regulated and the expression of Caspase-9 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in groups P1-4 (P ＜ 0.05).The escape latency was gradually prolonged,the expression of NGF protein and mRNA was gradually down-regulated and the expression of Caspase-9 protein and mRNA was gradually up-regulated in groups P1-4.The frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased in groups P2-4 compared with group P1 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the frequency of crossing the original platform between groups P2-4 (P ＞ 0.05).Nucleus condensation,chromatin condensation,nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were observed in groups P2-4.Conclusion Propofol anesthesia can impair the long-term cognitive function in neonatal rats,the effect is related to the dose,and inhibition of NGF expression and increase in the activity of Caspase-9 may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the changes in cerebral glucose metabolism induced by postoperative delirium in the elderly patients and the effects of dexmedetomidine on it.Methods Forty-two patients of both sexes aged 65-85 yr with a body mass index of 19-25 kg/m2 undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.Delirium occurred during the first 2 days after operation in 39 out of the 42 patients (29/42).The 29 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:group delirium without any treatment (group D,n =13) and group delirium + dexmedetomidine (group Dex,n =16).The remaining 13 patients did not develop delirium after operation and served as control group (group C).In group Dex a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was administered iv over 10 min after occurrence of delirium followed by continuous infusion at 0.2-0.7μg· kg-1 · h-1.PET scan was performed within the time period in which delirium occurred.18 Fluorine-deoxyglucose was injected for observation of imaging of glucose metabolism.The standard uptake value of glucose of bilateral parietal,temporal and frontal lobes was calculated.Results Delirium was controlled within 30 min after adminnistration of dexmedetomidine.Delirium significantly reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in the bilateral parietal,temporal and frontal lobes in group D as compared with group C (P ＜ 0.05).Dexmedetomidine significantly attenuated the delirium-induced decrease in cerebral glucose metabolic rate of the 3 lobes in group Dex as compared with group D (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Postoperative delirium reduces cerebral glucose metabolism and dexmedetomidine can significantly control pastoperative delirium in the elderly patients.

Objective To establish a stable and efficient method of culturing imDCs in vitro,and to explore the effect of GW5074, which blocks ERK1/2 signal pathway in the process of imnature dentritic cells (imDCs) on inducing differentiation of the na(i)ve allogeneic CD4+ T cells into Treg cells in vitro. Methods The imDCs and mature DCs (mDCs) were isolated and cultured from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from a healthy adult male volunteer, and they were identified by cell morphology, cell surface marker and cell functions respectively. Na(i)ve CD4+ T cells were isolated from newborn umbilical vein blood and were divided into 5 groups to be cultured: (1) Blank control group: Na(i)ve CD4+ T cells were cultured alone;(2) Positive control group: The irrDCs were Middle-concentration GW5074 group;(5) High-concentration GW5074 group. In the last three groups, imDCs and na(i)ve CD4+ T cells were co-cultured, the same as the positive control group, but these groups were added by GW5074 dilution at the concentrations of 8, 24, and 40μmol/Lrespectively. After co-culture for 5 days, the transformation ratio from naive CD4+T cells to Treg T cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results On the surface of imDCs, there was stronger pression of CD1a, but weaker expression of CD80 and CD83. On the contrary, on the surface of mDCs, there was weaker expression of CD1a, but stronger expression of CD80 and CD83. The stimulation index in imDCs group and mDCs group was 1.12±0.03 and 2.85±0. 07 respectively. The transformation ratio of Treg T cells in blank control group, positive control group, low-concentration GW5074 group, middle-concentration GW5074 group and high-concentration GW5074 group was (5. 81±1.36)%, (35.73±2.07)%, (22.53±2.11)%, (11.55±1.73)%, and (4.97±1.83)%respectively. One-way ANOVA analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between high-concentration GW5074 group and blank control group, P＞0. 05, but significant difference between the remaining groups, P＜0.01. Conclusion High purity of imDCs can be obtained from PBMC by induction with rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4. ERK1/2 signal pathway plays a role in inducing the immune tolerance. GW5074 can inhibit differentiation of na(i)ve CD4+ T cells into Treg T cells.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the use of antibiotics and the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the burn ward of our hospital in the past 11 years, so as to optimize the use of antibiotics in the future.

METHODSBacterial epidemiology during 1991-2001 in our burn ward was investigated. The change of the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed by defined daily dose (DDD) of antibiotics in adult patients and by the ranking of antibiotic administration days.

RESULTS(1) Staphylococcus aureus (10.53%-34.40%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (75.66%-11.47%) were dominant in our burn ward. (2) Predominant antibiotics used included Penicillin, Amikacin, Vancomycin, Imipenem and Ceftazidime. (3) There was increasing drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the following antibiotics ranking in following order: Piperacillin (41.57%-100.00%), Imipenem (36.36%-98.46%), Ceftazidime (23.46%-97.85%), Amikacin (13.16%-100.00%) and ciprofloxacin (6.90%-100.00%).

CONCLUSIONThere was increasing drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to all antibiotics, which might be related to antibiotic abuse.

Amikacin ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burn Units ; Ceftazidime ; therapeutic use ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; drug effects ; Humans ; Imipenem ; therapeutic use ; Penicillins ; therapeutic use ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; Vancomycin ; therapeutic use

Objective To study the effects of cooking practice education on their status of nutrient intake and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over 60 years old.Methods Four-hour cooking practice education lecture was offered per month for 57 patients with T2DM over 60-year old based on balance diet and food exchange list,with features including requiring patients joining the lecture with their family members together,demonstration of raw and fresh dietary materials and cooked food,choice of food to eat by the patients themselves according to their own dietary regimen.Sixty patients with T2DM who were only educated by outpatient department of nutrition for 35 minutes were selected as control.After twelve months of education,indices such as scores of awareness of knowledge of food exchange list,status of nutrient intake and blood glucose control,and so on,were compared between the two groups to evaluate the effects of cooking practice education.Results After 12- month education,score of knowledge of food exchange list in the experiment group increased significantly,as compared to that in the control group.Intake of energy [(6304?826) kJ] and fat [(46?6) g] decreased significantly in the experimental group [(6921?860) kJ and (63?9) g,respectively],and fasting blood glucose [(7.1?0.8) mmol/L],postprandial blood glucose [(11.2?1.1) mmol/L] and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c [(6.2?0.5)%] were decreased significantly,as compared to those in the control group [(7.8?0.9) mmol/L,(12.4?1.2) mmol/L,and (6.5?0.7)%)],respectively.Conclusions Cooking practice education is effective to correctly use diet regimen and improve status of nutrient intake and control of blood glucoses for over-60-year patients with T2DM.

BACKGROUNDTo study the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E6/E7 and TPA (12-O-tetradecanog-1-phorbol-13-acetate) on malignant transformation of human embryo oral tissue.

METHODSRecombinant plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 was constructed and transfected into human embryo oral tissue. The oral tissue with HPV 16 E6/E7 gene or without the gene was inoculated into the hypophloeodal of right shoulder in scid mice, respectively. The study was conducted in four groups: the first group was the oral tissue transfected plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 plus TPA, which were inoculated into 8 scid mice; the second group was only oral tissue transfected with plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 into 6 scid mice; the third group was normal oral tissue plus TPA inoculated into 6 scid mice, and the final group was only normal oral tissue inoculated into 5 scid mice. Three days after inoculation, TPA was injected at the left shoulder of the mice once a week. Twelve weeks after inoculation, tumor was found in 7 scid mice from the first group. HPV 16 E6/E7 gene in tumor tissues was analyzed by PCR.

RESULTSThe rate of tumor formation was 7/8 in the first group; no tumor was found in the other groups. Pathological diagnosis of the tumor was fibrohistiocytoma. HPV 16 E6/E7 gene was detected by PCR in tumor tissues.

CONCLUSIONWith the cooperating action of TPA, human oral tissue containing HPV 16 E6/E7 gene could cause malignant transformation in scid mice.

Animals ; Carcinogens ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; virology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression feature of peroxiredoxin III in cervical lesions and to further understand the mechanism for cervical cancer development/progression.

METHODSExpression of peroxiredoxin III was immunohistochemically detected in cervical cancer. In addition, cervical epithelia were transfected with recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 and peroxiredoxin III expression was detected by quantitative real time PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSPeroxiredoxin III was significantly up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues. Nevertheless, expression of peroxiredoxin III remained unchanged in cervical epithelial cells after transfection.

CONCLUSIONIt seems that Prx III is not related to cervical cancer initiation. Up-regulation of peroxiredoxin III in cervical cancer might be an active response to oxidative stress in malignant cells, which protects against oxidatiton-induced apoptosis.

Cervix Uteri ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Peroxiredoxins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology