Adolescent ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Flavonoids ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the level of resistin and the insulin resistance(IR) and the incorporation of microamount albuminuria(MA) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTwo hundred and twenty T2DM patients and 40 normal subjects (control group) were enrolled in this study.Two hundred and twenty T2DM patients were divided into 4 groups,IR group (group A,79 cases),non-IR group (group B,48 cases),IR complicating MA group (group C,51 cases),non-IR complicating MA group(group D,42 cases).The fasting serum resistin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA),and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting insulin (FINS) was also determined.ResultsThe level of fasting serum resistin in group A,B,C and D was higher than that in control group [(33.45 ± 1.37),(23.36 ± 1.47),(44.45 ± 1.39),(37.45 ±1.57) μ g/L vs.( 17.44 ± 1.26 ) μ g/L],and there was significant difference among 5 groups (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin in group A was higher than that in group B (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the level of fasting serum resistin in group C was higher than that in group D (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin was both higher in group C and D than that in goup A and B (P＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with body mass index(BMI),FPG,HbA1c and FINS in group A(r =0.35,0.46,0.37,0.49,P ＜0.05),and the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with HbA1c,BMI,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in group C(r =0.45,0.32,0.37,0.29,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsSerum resistin may participate in the process of IR and the formation of MA.It may become one of the diagnostic standard of the IR and one of the important index to estimate the MA.

To analyze the specific mechanism of Jinxueyuan granules, the relationship between the Jinxueyuan granules increased the saliva secretion of xerostomia model SD rats and excitement of receptors were studied in this experiment. In the study, three groups of xerostomia model rats were successfully established by using M-receptor blockers-4-diphenyl-acetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine (4-DAMP) and atropine, or adrenergic receptor blocker phentolamine; after the modeling, the medicine Jinxueyuan granules were gavaged. According to the clinical dose of Jinxueyuan granules and SD rats body surface area, the rats in atropine group were divided three dose groups respectively, namely low, medium and high dose of Jinxueyuan granules groups. The 4-DAMP group and phentolamine group were gavaged medium dose of Jinxueyuan granules. And the amount of salivary secretion for 150 minutes in all groups continuously were measured, and the effect of Jinxueyuan granules increased salivation and the relationship between characteristics and the receptors were observed; and submandibular gland tissue of the rats was isolated, then the effect of Jinxueyuan Granules for expression of the water channel protein aquaporin-5 (AQP5) in submandibular gland cells was analyzed by the Western blot technology. It was found that the saliva secretion of Jinxueyuan Granules groups was increased significantly, and compared with the saline control group, phentolamine group, 4-DAMP group and atropine group, difference was significant, P < 0.05. There was no significant difference between the low-dose of Jinxueyuan granules group and the saline group, but the medium dose of Jinxueyuan granules group had a significant difference, compared with the saline group (P < 0.05). In the time distribution of increasing saliva secretion, there was a significant difference between the saline and Jinxueyuan granules group in the saliva secretion (P < 0.05). After administration of Jinxueyuan granules, the expression of AQP5 protein in the submandibular gland cells expressing of treatment groups was increased, and compared with the blocker groups, there was a significant difference, P < 0.05. Except the atropine group, there was no significant difference in Jinxueyuan granules relieving the inhibition induced by blocks in phentolamine group and 4-DAMP group, compared with the saline group. Compared the AQP5 expression in three blockers groups, there was no significant difference in the efficacy of Jinxueyuan granules between phentolamine group and 4-DAMP group; but there was a significant difference between the atropine group and other groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, it was considered that the mechanism of Jinxueyuan granules increasing saliva secretion (effectiveness of nourishing Yin and generating body fluid ) possibly through the pathway mediated by muscarinic M receptor, especially M3 receptor, or adrenergic receptor, and increased expression of salivary gland AQP5 membrane, and then stimulate saliva production.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Saliva ; secretion ; Salivary Glands ; drug effects ; secretion ; Xerostomia ; drug therapy ; metabolism

[Objective] In order to optimize the best condition for the water extraction process of Polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus.[Methods]The single factor experiments were conducted,in which,the effects of radio of liquor to solid,irradiation time,temperature were studied separately.The orthogonal experiments were conducted to find out the appropriate operating conditions.[Results] The appropriate operating conditions are as follows:the radio of liquor to solid is 1:35.The irradiation time is 3h.and the temperature is 90oC.Under these conditions the average yield of Polysaccharides is 2.84%.[Conclusion]It is an ideal means for extracting Polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus,with short time,less cost and sensitivity.

Objective To observe the effect of early pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods AECOPD patients (n=97) were randomly distributed into two groups:control group (n=39) and rehabilitation group (n=58). Patients in both groups were assessed when symptom im?proved from acute phase (baseline, T1). Then patients in control group only received pharmaco-therapy and rehabilitation ed?ucation without PR. When symptom was relieved and stable (T2), they were given 12 weeks PR (T3). On the other hand, pa?tients in rehabilitation group underwent a 12-week PR after T1 directly (T2). The lung function parameters, 6 min walking distance (6MWD), MRC scores and CAT scores were observed and analyzed in two groups. Results Until the end of the 12-weeks observation, the value of lung function showed no statistic differences between two groups(either T1 in control group vs T1 in PR group or T2 in PR group vs T2 and T3 in control group. In control group, the value of 6MWD scores of T3 was bet?ter than that of T1 and T2, in PR group(F6MWD=8.762,FMRC=4.432,FCAT=10.266,P<0.05)while MRC, CAT value in T3 of control group were higher than those in T1 and T2 of PR group. At T1, parameters does not demonstrate significant difference between these two groups. Value of 6MWD was higher while MRC and CAT were lower in T2 of PR group than that in T2 and T3 of control group. Conclusion Early pulmonary rehabilitation could improve the mobility and qulity of life, as well as ameliorate the severity of dyspnea in AECOPD patients.

Objective To evaluate the rate and types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN).Methods We detected HPV DNA in 67 lesion tissues collected from 40 VIN patients with PCR based reverse line blot hybridization and DNA sequencing. The PCR using GP5/GP6 primers in HPV L1 region resulted in a 150-bp fragment. When the PCR did not amplify the target DNA,another PCR using SPF1/SPF2 primers was performed to amplify the 65-bp fragment.Results HPV DNA amplified with primers GP5/GP6 was positive in 52.2% (35/67) of the lesions. Of the 32 negative lesions,26 (81.2%) were positive for HPV DNA amplified with SPF1/SPF2 primers. The total positive rate was 91.0% (61/67). Ninety percent of the HPV belonged to high risk types. Sequencing data showed that the genotypes of 31 mono-infection lesions were the same as those of the reverse line blot results,yet the sequences in 4 multi-infection samples could not be determined. Of the 26 SPF PCR products,24 could be sequenced. 80.6% (25/31) patients with multiple lesions displayed the same genotype,suggesting HPV in the different lesions from the same patient was monoclonal.Conclusion The high risk type of HPV is associated with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and may play an important role in the development of invasive vulvar carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the association between LPHN3 andattention-deficit/hyperactivity disor-der(ADHD)in Chinese Han children.Methods:Based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor-ders,Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)diagnosis criteria,921 normal controls and 1052 ADHD children were included in the study.The Clinical Diagnostic Interview Scale (CDIS )was used to assess symptoms and ADHD sub-types.ADHD was divided into three subtypes,namely ADHD inattentive type (ADHD-I),ADHD hyperactive-im-pulsive type (ADHD-HI),and ADHD combined type (ADHD-C).The ADHD rating-scale was used to assess ADHD symptoms.Including inattentive symptoms,hyperactive symptoms,impulsive symptoms and ADHD total symptoms.Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)of LPHN3 were genotyped.Case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association of each SNP with the ADHD and the subgroups using chi-square test.Results:rs11131347 was associated with ADHD P <0.05,OR =0.86(0.76 -0.98)],but the difference didn't survive significance after corrections,The frequency of minor allele C in cases and control was0.409 vs.0.445.For different genders,rs11131347 was significantly associated with ADHD boys [P <0.05,OR =0.82(0.71 -0.96)], The frequency of minor allele C in cases and control was0.402 vs.0.449.For different subtypes,rs11131347 was associated with ADHD-C [P <0.05,OR =0.85(0.74 -0.98)]and ADHD-C boys[P <0.05,OR =0.82(0.70 -0.97)],but none of the difference survived significance after corrections,The frequencies of minor allele C in cases and control were respectively 0.407 vs.0.445 and 0.401 vs.0.449.Genotypes distribution analysis indicated that rs11131347 was associated with ADHD in general (recessive model,P <0.05),ADHD boys (additive model,P <0.05;dominant model,P <0.05;recessive model,P <0.05),ADHD-C(recessive model,P <0.05)and ADHD-C boys (dominant model,P <0.05 ),however,none of the difference survived significance after correc-tions.rs11131347 was nominal associated with impulsive scores(P <0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggest that the polymorphism of LPHN3 is probably involved in the pathological mechanisms of ADHD and its core symptoms of impulsivity.

An in vitro detection method of the gastrointestinal absorption of Pilose Antler protein was established for mixed protein activity. Five bands of protein with molecular weight of 17.8-160 kD derived from the Pilose Antler were extracted and sufficiently labeled with FITC (FITC-PE). The stability and variation of FITC-PE in gastrointestinal circumstances were detected by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and confocal laser scanning microscope. Results showed that the main component of FITC-PE kept invariant after being reacted with artificial gastric fluid and artificial intestinal fluid. The fluorescence signal was detected 20 min after administration in the valgus intestinal purse experiment, and three kinds of protein, with molecular weight of 45, 25, and 17.8 kD, were detected in the mixture of absorbent protein. The research laid the foundation for the further in vivo study of Pilose Antler protein. Meanwhile, it would be an in vitro screening method for the absorption, distribution and metabolism of mixed protein from traditional Chinese medicine.

Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary

Objective:To examine the expression and function of thrombonspondin-1 (TSP-1) in oxygen-induced retinopathy in new-born mice, and to investigate its role in retinal neovascularization. Methods:A total of 40 C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided equally into a model group (n=20)andanormalcontrolgroup(n=20).Miceinthemodelgroupwereexposedto75%oxygentoestablish the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. On the 7th, 9th, and 11th day after the birth of mice, 5 mice were randomly selected each time from the 2 groups to examine the expression of TSP-1 mRNA with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). After that, 5 mice were selected on the 11th day to observe the retinal neovascularization by fluorescein angiography retinal flatmount. Results:On the 11th day, fluorescein angiography retinal flatmount showed that the retinal blood vessels presented mean network distribution in the normal control group, while in the model group, a lot of dilatated areas in the retinal main vessels surrounded the optic disc. Meanwhile lots of new blood vessels were found surrounding the optic disc with irregular distribution but well distributed peripherial retinal small vessels, which was typical of early stage OIR. There was no signiifcant difference in the retinal TSP-1 mRNA level between the model group and the normal control group in the postnatal 7-day mice (P>0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of TSP-1 mRNA in the model group was signiifcantly lower in postnatal 9-day and 11-day mice (P<0.05, P<0.01) , and the expression of TSP-1 mRNA in postnatal 9-day mice was lower than that in the postnatal 11-day mice(P<0.05).
Conclusion:In the early stage of OIR model (retinal vascular growth and development stage), the expression of TSP-1 mRNA in the retinal tissue is gradually decreased, implying that TSP-1 (as a negative regulatory factor) may be involved in the formation of retinal neovascularization in the early stage.