Purpose　The aim is to immobilize the thrombin and to increase the stability of immobilized enzyme.Methods　Thrombin was immobilized on chitosan and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, and the optimum conditions for immobilization and stability of immobilized enzyme were studied.Results　This preparation of immobilized thrombin was practicable,and the stability of this immobilized enzyme was obviously improved than that of thrombin.Conclution　The conditions for immobilization were good, and reliable.Stability of immobilized thrombin to light, high temperature,low temperature and observation on reserving at room temperature was good.

Cells, Cultured ; Drug Antagonism ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Quercetin ; pharmacology

The DNA structures could be altered or even damaged by exogeous or endogenous factors during cell proliferation. Failure of effective and timely repair will lead to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. By taking the advantage of the quick proliferation of cancer cells, DNA damage induction, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis promotion have become important strategies for ant-cancer chemotherapy. Previous reports showed that an array of natural compounds inhibit cancer cell proliferation by inducing DNA damage, which have therapeutic potentials for anti-cancer drug research and development.
Animals ; Biological Products ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; DNA Damage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects between arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication and plaster external fixation for the treatment of acute patellar dislocation.

METHODSFrom February 2006 to October 2012,29 patients with acute patellar dislocation were divided into two groups: operation group and non-operation group. The patellar dislocation duration was 2 weeks. In operation group, there were 7 males and 10 females, with an average age of (16.2 ± 6.2) years old, and the patients were treated with arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication. In non-operation group, there were 5 males and 7 females,with an average age of (16.3 ± 5.0) years old,and the patients were treated with plaster external fixation. The Kujala scores, patellar tilt angle measured on CT film, apprehension test and recurrence rate of patellar instability were observed before and 1 year after treatment.

RESULTSIn operation group, the pre-treatment and post-treatment patellar tilt angles had no statistical difference, but the post-treatment Kujala score was lower than that of pre-treatment; while in non-operation group, the post-treatment patellar tilt angle was larger than that of pre-treatment, and the post-treatment Kujala score was lower than that of pre-treatment. At 1 year after treatment, the patellar tilt angle (21.2 ± 5.3) of patients in non-operation group was larger than (13.5 ± 3.5) of operation group, and the Kujala score 73.3 ± 10.5 of patient in non-operation group was lower than 84.1 ± 5.6 of operation group.

CONCLUSIONDuring 1 year after operation, arthroscopic medical retinaculum plication is a more effective treatment for acute patellar dislocation compared with plaster external fixation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Case-Control Studies ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Male ; Patellar Dislocation ; surgery ; therapy ; Patellar Ligament ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

A 57-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for a 7-year progressively spreading plaques involving the entire body surface, and multiple irregularly sized red nodules and infiltrated patches on the face, trunk and limbs. Histopathological examination showed pleomorphic tumor cells diffusely dis-persed throughout the dennis, giving an appearance of low proliferation. Some cells with cytoplasmic pro-cesses appeared multiangular in shape, lmmunohistochemically, tumor cells were negative for CDla or S-100, but positive for CD45, FXIIIa, CDl4, MHC- Ⅱ, CD68 and lysozyme with extracellular interstitial expression. Ultrastructurally, the cells exhibited cytoplasmic processes and irregularly sized nuclei; no Birbeck granules were observed. Vesicules of low electron-density were seen diffusely in cytoplasm and extracellular matrix. The case is herein diagnosed as cutaneous non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which presents with a chronically invasive clinical course. These cells may develop from immature dermal dendritic cells.

This study was purpose to investigate the expression levels of HSP70 and MDR1 genes under heat shock and/or adriamycin (ADM) chemotherapy stimulation. The K562 cells were bathed in water at 43 degrees C for 1 hour, then the heat-treated K562 cells were collected and were cultured at 37 degrees C. The expression of HSP70 was assayed by immunocytochemistry, the growth suppression rate of K562 cells was detected by MTT assay, the function of P-gp and the expressions of HSP70 mRNA, MDR1 mRNA were detected by flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) respectively. The results showed that (1) the synthesis of HSP70 protein in K562 cells treated with high shock (43 degrees C) reached to high level after culture at 37 degrees C for 2 hours, and moved from cytoplasm to nucleolus, the expression of HSP70 began to decrease following 3 hours of culture at 37 degrees C, and gradually reached to normal level after culture at 37 degrees C for 5 hours, the location of HSP70 expression returned to cytoplasm; (2) the expressions of HSP70 mRNA and MDR1 mRNA increased following 43 degrees C heat shock, and were 4 and 5.8 times higher than that of control group at 37 degrees C culture for 2 hours respectively; (3) the expression of P-gp was higher in ADM group than that in control. The expressions of HSP mRNA and MDR1 mRNA increased significantly in heat shock plus ADM group and ADM group as compared with control (p<0.01). It is concluded that the heat shock and ADM chemotherapy both induce over expression of HSP70 and MDR1 which can maintain stability of K562 cells and may be related to formation of the MDR in leukemia.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Response ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the impact of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture on mRNA expression of lung inflammatory cytokines and pulmonary pathological injury of mice infected by influenza virus, in order to discuss the mechanism of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines against pulmonary immune inflammatory injury of infected mice.

METHODIn different time phases after mice were infected with influenza virus FM1, the RT-PCR method was adopted to observe the impact of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture on five inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ, and the changes in pulmonary pathological injury of mice with viral pneumonia after intervention with tonifying qi traditional Chinese medicines.

RESULT(1) Tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines significantly reduced the mRNA expression of TNF-α at 1-5 d and IL-1 mRNA expression at 7 d, may increase IL-1 mRNA expression in mouse lung at 3 d, significantly reduced IL-6 mRNA expression in mouse lung and increased IL-10 mRNA expression at 3-7 d, and significantly increased IFN-γ mRNA expression at 1 d. (2) Tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines could significantly inhibited and repaired pulmonary immune inflammatory injury of mice infected by FM1, which was most remarkable at 3-7 d after the infection with influenza virus FM1.

CONCLUSIONTonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture could resist pulmonary immune inflammatory injury and repair inflammatory injury by regulating the mRNA expression of imbalance inflammatory cytokines of organisms infected with influenza virus.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; drug effects ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

BACKGROUNDAllergic asthma is associated with airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness caused by dysregulated production of cytokines secreted by allergen-specific helper T-type 2 (Th2) cells. The linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a membrane-associated adaptor protein, which has been shown to take part in regulating T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and T cell homeostasis. In this study, we established an asthmatic mouse model to examine the changes in LAT levels during allergic airway disease and the effects of LAT transgenic expression on airway inflammation.

METHODST cells from mouse lung tissues were isolated from allergen challenged (ovalbumin (OVA)) and control mice, and the purity of these isolated T cells was examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of the LAT gene and LAT protein, respectively. After an intranasally administered mixture of pCMV-HA-LAT plasmid and Lipofectamine 2000, 24 hours before and 72 hours after allergen challenge, the BALF cell count and the differential cytologies were studied. In addition, IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in the BALF were determined by ELISA, and pathological changes in lung tissues were observed.

RESULTSLAT protein and mRNA expression were decreased in lung T cells in a mouse model of allergen-induced airway disease. After intranasal administration of pCMV-HA-LAT, histopathological examination of the lungs showed that intervention with LAT overexpression prevented mice from developing airway inflammation, and the number of total cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the BALF was reduced significantly compared with the OVA sensitized and challenged group. In addition, the Th2 cytokine IL-4 decreased, while the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ increased compared to the OVA sensitized and challenged group or the OVA sensitized group plus pCMV-HA treatment.

CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that LAT might effectively diminish Th2 cytokine responses, lung histopathological changes and lung inflammation to allergen challenge in a model of experimentally induced asthma.

Animals ; Asthma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Inflammation ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism

Prevotella bivia is associated with pelvic inflammatory disease. A 77-year-old man developed a rapidly growing chest wall abscess due to P. bivia within days. He underwent surgical resection of the infected area; his postoperative course was uneventful. This is the first case of chest wall abscess due to P. bivia infection. Its correct diagnosis cannot be underestimated because fulminant infections can occur in aged or immunocompromised patients if treated incorrectly. Prompt, appropriate surgical management, and antibiotic therapy affect treatment outcome.
Abscess ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Bacteroidaceae Infections ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Prevotella ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Thoracic Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Wall ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To evaluate the effects of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition (PN) and probiotics in adult autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) patients. Four adult AIE patients were identified from April 2006 to January 2012. Clinical and nutritional data were obtained from the patients' medical records. Glutamine-supplemented PN started immediately when the AIE diagnosis was confirmed. The total PN duration was 351 days. According to the PN prescription, the average caloric intake ranged from 20 to 25 kcal/kg/day, and the protein intake ranged from 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day. Alanyl-glutamine (20 g/day) was administered to AIE patients for 4 weeks followed by a 2-week break, and this treatment schedule was repeated when PN lasted for more than 6 weeks. Body weight gain and an increased serum albumin level were achieved after PN, and defecation frequency and quality also improved. Each patient received oral supplements, 250 mL of Ensure and two probiotics capsules (each capsule containing 0.5x10(8) colonies) three times a day when enteral nutrition started. Three AIE patients were successfully weaned off PN, and one patient died of pneumonia. Glutamine-supplemented PN and probiotics show promise in managing patients with AIE and related malnutrition.
Adult ; Bifidobacterium ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Female ; Glutamine/*administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lactobacillus acidophilus ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Malnutrition/therapy ; Parenteral Nutrition/*methods ; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/*therapy ; Probiotics/*administration & dosage ; Young Adult