Twelve patients with inflammatory bowel disease had been operated at the department of surgery, Chonnam University Hospital during the period from March 1988 to February 1997. In this study, we report on the operative cases regarding age, sex, symptoms, duration of disease, location of disease, preoperative diagnosis, operative indication, frequency of operation, histopathologic findings and follow up. The results were as follows: 1) The male to female ratio in ulcerative colitis was 1 : 1, and the mean age was 54.5 years. In Crohn's disease, male to female ratio was 2.3 : 1 and the mean age was 42.1 years. 2) The mean duration of symptoms in ulcerative colitis was 39 months and in Crohn's disease was 13.9 months. The common symptoms in ulcerative colitis were abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, indigestion, weight loss and in Crohn's disease abdominal pain, palpable mass, weight loss, indigestion. Extraintestinal symptoms in Crohn's disease were cholelithiasis like symptom, anal fistula, anal fissure. 3) The involvement site in ulcerative colitis was large bowel only, but in Crohn's disease small bowel (50%), large bowel (20%), small and large bowel (30%) were involved. 4) Preoperative diagnosis in ulcerative colitis was accurate, but in Crohn's disease accurate diagnosis was made only in 20% and the other cases were operated under the impression of different diseases or conditions (intestinal tuberculosis (50%), bowel perforation (20%), mechanical ileus (10%)). 5) The indication of surgery in ulcerative colitis was intractability to medical treatment, on the other hand, in Crohn's disease most operative cases were made under the emergentconditions (bowel perforation, bowel obstruction, enterocutaneous fistula, abdominal mass). The frequency of operation in ulcerative colitis were two times in one case, three times in one cases. In Crohn's disease half of cases experienced two or three times of surgery. The method of operation in ulcerative colitis was total proctocolectomy with J-pouch ileoanal anastomosis. In Crohn's disease resection of diseased bowel segment was performed.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholelithiasis ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Colonic Pouches ; Crohn Disease ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Dyspepsia ; Female ; Fissure in Ano ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Ileus ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* ; Intestinal Fistula ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Rectal Fistula ; Tuberculosis ; Weight Loss

We have recently experienced a case of cysticercosis treated with praziquantel. The patient, 22-year-old female, with 43 cystic masses had marked clinical response to the administration of praziquantel (75 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. It seems that praziquantel, anticestodal agent, might be a safe and effective therapy for this infection.
Cysticercosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Praziquantel* ; Young Adult

The aim of the present work is to evaluate the most accurate technique for analysirig low levels of serum IgE. Following results are obtained from experiments by PRIST, Overnight PRIST, PRIST using RAST anti-IgE tracer and Overnight PRIST using RAST anti-IgE tracer methods with cord serum and maternal serum of 21 individuals respectively. 1) There was no statistical significance in maternal serum IgE titer using above 4 methods. However, the higher level of IgE titer was found in PRIST method when IgE was over 190 IU/ml(5 cases) estimated by PRIST method and in Overnight PRIST using RAST anti-IgE tracer method when Ig.E was below lgp IU/ml (16 cases) (p40.05). 2) In cord serum IgE titer, only Overnight PRIST using RAST anti-IgE tracer method showed statistical significance. 3) The most desirable correlation coefficient between maternal serum and cord serum IgE titer was estimated by Overnight PRIST using RAST anti-IgE tracer method than any other rnethods.
Immunoglobulin E*

A 48-year-old woman, who had had tattoo on her eyebrows, was seen with pruitic erythematous indurated plaques on the tattooing sites. The skin react ion was begun to observe about 4 weeks after getting tattoo. Skin biopsy specimens from the indurated lesions showed granulomatous reactions. Intradermal tests by means of multiple pricks and patch test were done on her low back with the same tattoo dye and also 4 others available in Korea. Serial punch biopsy specimens were obtained from the sites of intradermal test at 2nd, 7th, 28th, and 56th day after intradermal test. Granulomatous reactions were found in the spiecimens taken at the 28th and 56th day.
Biopsy ; Eyebrows ; Female ; Humans ; Intradermal Tests ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Tattooing

PURPOSE: It is expected that there will be a difference in job stress between special unit (operating room, anesthesia room) nurses and general ward nurses in general hospitals, but factors influencing job stress have not been examined. This study reports on research to examine the sources of verbal abuse in the workplace. METHODS: Participants were 243 nurses (special unit 112, general ward 132) working in a hospital in I city. Data collection period was March 18 to March 25, 2016 and questionnaires were used to collect data. Comparison of differences in influence of verbal abuse on job stress between special unit and general ward nurses was analyzed with multiple hierarchical regression. RESULTS: In special unit nurses, verbal abuse from doctors and/or nurses influenced their job stress (Adj. R²=.545). In general ward nurses, verbal abuse from patients and/or care-givers influenced their job stress (Adj. R²=.241). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate a need to campaign for increase respect among nurse-doctor, nurse-nurse, and nurse-patients/care givers because verbal abuse from doctors, nurses, and patients/care-givers causes negative attitudes in nurses. General ward nurses in particular should provide sufficient explanation to patients about nursing services because verbal abuse from patients/care-givers is related to their complaints about nursing care.
Anesthesia ; Data Collection ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Services ; Patients' Rooms*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of embryo retention (ER) in the transfer catheter following embryo transfer (ET) in blastocyst transfer and investigate whether retransferring retained embryos has an impact on reproductive outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-ET. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,131 blastocyst transfers, which comprised 223 single blastocyst transfer (SBT) and 908 double blastocyst transfer (DBT) cycles. Each SBT and DBT group was classified depending on whether ET was performed without retained embryos in the catheter during the first attempt (without-ER group) or whether any retained embryos were found following ET (ER group) for the purpose of comparing reproductive outcomes in a homogenous population. RESULTS: The overall incidence of finding retained embryos was 2.8% (32/1,131). There were no retained embryos in SBT cycles. In DBT cycles, implantation rates (30.0% vs. 26.6%), positive β-hCG rates (57.2% vs. 56.2%), clinical pregnancy rates (45.3% vs. 46.9%), and live birth rates (38.9% vs. 43.8%) were not significantly different between the without-ER and ER groups. There were no significant differences in the mean birth weight (g) 2,928.4±631.8 vs. 2,948.7±497.8 and the mean gestational age at birth (269.3±17.2 days vs. 264.2±25.7 days). A total of nine cases of congenital birth defects were found in this study population. Eight were observed in the without-ER group and one in the ER group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that retransfer of retained embryos does not have any adverse impact on reproductive outcomes in blastocyst transfer cycles. Furthermore, our results support finding that SBT might be advantageous for decreasing the incidence of retained embryos in catheters.
Birth Weight ; Blastocyst* ; Catheters ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Incidence ; Live Birth ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of ancillary CT findings other than the obstructive lesion per se for the differential diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS:CT findings of 49 patients with extrahepatic bile duct obstruction(22 benign and 27 malignant lesions) were assessed with emphasis on the patterns of ductal dilatation, contrast enhancement, and diffuse thickening of the extrahepatic ductal wall. Degree of central and peripheral intrahepratic ductal dilatation was graded by comparing with the adjacent portal radicles and hepatic parenchymal thickeness. RESULTS: Diffuse circumferential thickening and contrast enhancement of the extrahepatic ductal wall were more frequent in benign cases, but only thickening was statistically significant(p < 0.01). Peripheral intrahepatic ducts were more severely dilated by malignant causes(p < 0.01). With the same degrees of extrahepatic and central ductal dilatations, peripheral intrahepatic ducts were more severely dilated in malignant than in benign cases. CONCLUSION: These results may help to interpret the CT findings of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, particularly when the cause of biliary obstruction is uncertain.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation* ; Humans

Although the decreased susceptibility of gonococci to penicillin and tetracycline is a worldwide problem in the treatment of gonorrhea, the gonococci in the West Pacific region are particulary notorious in their resistance. Using a plate dilution method, susceptibility of the gonococci isolated at this institution during 1970 to 1975 was tested to penicillin and tetracycline, which are the most widely used antibiotics for the treatment of gonorrhea. The data of this susceptibility, together with that of the strains isolated during 1966 to 1969 from prostitutes, were analyzed and herewith reported. The range of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of penicillin was 0.01 to 2.0U/ml. Among the 191strains, 87.9% required MIC of 1.0U/ml and over, and 29.3% required 1.0U/ ml and over. The range of MIC of tetracycline was from 0.125 to over 2 microgram/ml. Among the 120 strains, 60% required MIC of 1 microgram/ml and over. This in vitro evidence indicates wide prevalence of less susceptible strains which are difficult to cure with conventional doses of penicillin or with tetracycline. Comparison of the degree and the frequency of less susceptible strains by the year of isolation showed some variation, which may however have been induced by the difference of sources, rather than by the difference of time of isolation.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae/drug effects* ; Penicillins/pharmacology* ; Tetracyclines/pharmacology*

PURPOSE: This study was to developed to create a CD-ROM and an educational program for the prevention of sexual harassment and violence and to contribute to the perception and add to the coping of the victims of sexual harassment and violence as well as the child, parents, and teachers. METHOD: The study's methods were literature reviews, surveys, and assessments of the negotiation process for educational needs of sexual harassed and abused children. RESULT: The sexual harassment and violence prevention program will contain four subjects : 1) sexual development of a preschool child, 2) characteristics of sexual harassment and violence of a preschool child, 3) safe sex, early detection of sexual violence syndrome, and coping strategies. The CD-RON was composed from three sites. The first was a child site, the second was a parent/teacher site, and the third was a game site for evaluations. The child site consisted of 10 possible scenarios of sexual harassment and violence that a child could experience. The parent/teacher site consisted of knowledge and information for prevention and coping strategies for sexual harassment and violence. At the end of each situation question and answer sections that were used for formative evaluation. Also, the game site could be a summative evaluation. CONCLUSION: The effects of this program and the CD-ROM were based of the promotion of reverence for humanity and gender equality for preschool childen. Eventually, children, parents, and teachers will have prevention and coping ability that will reduce the occurrence of sexual harassment and violence in Korea.
CD-ROM* ; Child ; Child, Preschool* ; Humans ; Korea ; Negotiating ; Parents ; Safe Sex ; Sex Offenses* ; Sexual Development ; Sexual Harassment* ; Violence

PURPOSE: To explore how young adults in their 20s adjust to hemophilia. METHOD: Grounded theory method guided the data collection and analysis. A purposeful sample of 15 young adults with hemophilia participated during the period of 2000-2001. The data were collected by semi-structured individual interviews, focus group interviews, and participant observations. All interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis was employed to analyze the data. RESULT: "Living like a normal person" emerged as the basic social-psychological process. Two dimensions of the self were identified: normal self and abnormal self. "Living like a normal person" means conscious effort to focus on normal self rather than abnormal self. Five subcategories were identified : 1) pretending as if he is not hemophiliac; 2) relieving the burden; 3) maintaining best physical conditions; 4) becoming independent; and 5) reconciliating with their mothers. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that young adults with hemophilia strive for living a life as a normal person. But there is a question whether it is good for their ultimate quality of life. The results indicate that our society needs to be more tolerant to differences that hemophiliacs have.
Data Collection ; Focus Groups ; Grounded Theory ; Hemophilia A* ; Humans ; Methods ; Mothers ; Quality of Life ; Social Adjustment ; Young Adult*