OBJECTIVETo construct an apparatus for the oxygen uptake measurement of rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia at different simulated altitude.

METHODSThe capacity of this apparatus was about 0.01 m3. It included animal experimental cabin, reference cabin, altimeter, altitude vertical velocity indicator, pressure difference inductor and oxygen compensator, low scale manometer, soda lime and calcium chloride, small fan, thermometer, circulating water system and vacuum pump. The oxygen uptake of the rats at 6 000 m, 4 000 m and 1 000 m simulated altitude was measured using this apparatus.

RESULTSThe oxygen uptake of the rats at 50 m, 4 000 m and 6 000 m simulated altitude was (24.4 +/- 2.1), (10.8 +/- 2.0) and (8.8 +/- 1.6) ml O2/(kg x min) respectively (average +/- s, n = 10). The oxygen uptake decreased as altitude increased.

CONCLUSIONThis apparatus can be used to measure the oxygen uptake of the rats at different simulated altitude.

Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Equipment and Supplies ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the value of permeability surface (PS) in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in acute ischernic stroke (AIS) using CT peffusion (CTP).Methods The study included 31 consecutive patients who presented symptoms suggestive of an AIS for 3-9 h. All patients underwent CT examination (noncontrast CT,CTP).HT was determined by follow-up CT images.According to presence of HT,the AIS was divided into HT group (PSHT,11 patients) and non-HT group(PSNo-HT,20 patients).PS,cerebral blood flow (CBF),cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) on both sides of brains were measured.The relative PS(rPS),relative CBF (rCBF),relative CBV(rCBV) and relative MTT(rMTT) were obtained by calculating the ratio of the values of bilateral regions.The rPS between PSHT and PSNo-HT was compared with an exact Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The rCBF,rCBV,rMTT and the PS of the ischemic side between PSHr and PSNo-HT were compared with independent-sample t test.Meanwhile,Spearman rank correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between the CTP parameters and HT.ResultsThe PS value of ischemic side was (1.61±0.77) ml · min - 1 · 100 g-1 for the PSHT group,and the value was (0.91 ± 0.49) ml · min - 1 · 100 g- 1 for the PSNo-HT group.For the PSHT group,rPS,rCBF,rCBV,rMTT were 2.76 ±0.78,0.32 ±0.18,0.66 ±0.31,2.67 ±0.71,and for the PSNo-HT group,rPS,rCBF,rCBV,rMTT were 1.35 ±0.19,0.50±0.21,0.91 ±0.28,2.62 ± 1.31.Compared with PSNo-HT,PSHT had higher rPS and PS value,and there were significant statistical differences (U =0.000,t =3.070,P ＜0.01).But rCBF and rCBV values were lower in the PSHT group compared to the PSNo-HT group,and there were significant statistical differences (trCsF =2.343,trCBV =2.210,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant statistical difference in rMTT between the two groups(t =0.118,P ＞ 0.05).Significant positive correlations were detected between the rPS and PS with HT(r=0.496,0.821,P ＜0.01).ConclusionsThe value of rPS is helpful in predicting HT in AIS.And it can be used as a predictor in determining clinical personalized treatment and thus reduce the incidence of adverse events.

It is one of the necessary work in oil and gas exploration and development to record the logging of different depth cuttings.In this study, a laser induced breakdown spectrometer ( LIBS-Trace) developed by our research group was used for the lithology logging in the field of oil and gas exploration and development.A total of 60 samples from a drilling site in the Southwest China were divided into training set and test set, and then element quantitative analysis model of eight elements of Si, Al, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Ti and Fe was established based on support vector machine regression ( SVR).The results showed that the mean percentage prediction errors (MPE) predicted by this method were Si 5.68%, Al 7.22%, Ca 7.45%, K 9.76%, Mg 8.79%, Mn 11.9%, Ti 11.4% and Fe 10.4%, which met the requirements of logging work.In addition, according to the logging process and demand, the instrument hardware and software were modified, and the quantitative model integrated in the instrument was optimiZed.The results showed that the algorithm model combined with the instrument could quickly complete the quantitative analysis of rock debris samples, and exhibited potential application value and broad application prospect in oil and gas exploration and development.

In recent years, the mortality rate of patients with malignant tumors gradually decreases, but brought low quality of life from the adverse reactions and complications. Occupational therapy plays a significant role in improving the quality of life of the patients with malignant tumors. There are many quality-of-life scales for evaluation, such as the general quality of life evaluation scale, cancer-specific quality of life evaluation tools and cancer-specific quality of life evaluation tools,which provide a basis for subsequent treatment. Occupational therapy may work to relief the pain after surgery, maintain or improve the motor function, the activities of daily living, strengthen endurance and cardiopulmonary function, reduce anxiety and depression, promote the return to work or school, for the family, provide suggestions for community environment adjustment, and guide the training for lymphedema. Some problems still remained, such as the insufficient rehabilitation service, the medicine-based model, and insufficient rehabilitation therapists.

An efficient modified route based on the targeting mechanism of antibacterial fluoroquinolones for the shift from the antibacterial activity to the antitumor one was further developed. Using a fused heterocyclic ring, s-triazolothiadiazine as a carboxyl bioisostere of ciprofloxacin, the title compounds, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-piperazin-1-yl-3-(6-substituted-phenyl-7H-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[3, 4-b][1, 3, 4]thiadiazin-3-yl)-quinolin-4(1H)-ones (5a-5e) and their corresponding N-acetyl products (6a-6e), were designed and synthesized, separately. Meaningfully, a ring-contraction of fused six-membered thiadiazine occurred by a sulfur extrusion reaction gave new tri-acetylated fused heterocycles related to pyrazolo[5, 1-c][1, 2, 4] triazoles (7a-7e). The in vitro antitumor activity against L1210, CHO and HL60 cell lines was also evaluated for the synthesized fifteen heterocycles compared to parent ciprofloxacin by methylthiazole trazolium (MTT) assay. Interestingly, the results displayed that fifteen fused heterocyclic compounds showed more significant growth inhibitory activity (IC50 < 25.0 micromo x L(-1)) than that of parent ciprofloxacin (IC50 > 150.0 micromol x L(-1)), and the active order decreased from 7a-7e to 5a-5e to 6a-6e, respective.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ciprofloxacin ; pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fluoroquinolones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia L1210 ; pathology ; Mice ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiadiazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

To explore an efficient strategy for further development of anticancer fluoroquinolone candidates derived from ciprofloxacin, a heterocyclic ring as the bioisosteric replacement of C3 carboxyl group led to a key intermediate, oxadiazole thiol (5), which was further modified to the bis-oxadiazole methylsulfides (7a-7h) and the corresponding dimethylpiperazinium iodides (8a-8h), respectively. Structures were characterized by elemental analysis and spectra data, and their anticancer activities in vitro against CHO, HL60 and L1210 cancer cells were also evaluated by MTT assay. The preliminary results show that piperazinium compounds (8) possess more potent activity than that of corresponding free bases (7).
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Ciprofloxacin ; chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Drug Design ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia L1210 ; Molecular Structure ; Oxadiazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Piperazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore early diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) and effective treatment.

METHODSA multicenter retrospective study was carried out to analyze the causes, clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment and clinical outcomes of 72 patients with HPS.

RESULTSAmong the 72 patients, EBV infection and T lymphoma were the most common initiating diseases. The most common clinical features were persistent fever (100%) and splenomegaly (83.3%). The diagnostic sensitivity was persistent fever (100%), peripheral cytopenia in two or more lineages (97.2%), high concentration of serum soluble CD25 (93.1%) and low NK cell activity (94.4%). The median percentage of serum glycosylated ferritin was significantly lower in patients in HPS group \[(17.4 +/- 16.0)%\] than in control group \[(53.6 +/- 13.3)%\] (P < 0.01). And the median level of serum TNF-alpha was significantly higher in patients group \[(143.2 +/- 64.8) microg/L\] than in controls \[(66.9 +/- 19.4) microg/L\] (P < 0.01). Hepatic dysfunction was seen in most patients (83.6%) mainly manifested as elevated liver enzymes and hypoalbuminemia. The 15-week total survival rate was 46.8% in 47 treated patients, and was 63% in 27 treated with fludarabine in combination with high dose methylprednisolone. The platelet count and fibrinogen level were significantly lower in death group than in survival group.

CONCLUSIONSThe diagnostic sensitivities of presistent fever, peripheral cytopenia in two or more lineages, high concentration of serum soluble CD25 and low NK cell activity are relatively high and lacking hemophagocytosis does not exclude the diagnosis. Low percentage of glycosylated ferritin and high concentration of TNF-alpha would be helpful to the diagnosis. High dose methylprednisolone combined with fludarabine is an effective therapy. Platelet count and fibrinogen level are poor prognostic factors for HPS.

Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; diagnosis ; Methylprednisolone ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of exogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFbeta1) on peripheral nerve regeneration after the peripheral nerve injury and if TGFbeta1 regulates the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the anterior horn motoneurons of spinal cord during regeneration. METHODS: Forty-eight rats were crushed on the right sciatic nerve and then randomly divided into 2 groups: TGFbeta1 group and NS group. In TGFbeta1 group, TGFbeta1 50 microL (0.1 microg/mL) was injected into the proximal nerve near to the crushed nerve and after the operation the injured leg was injected with equal TGFbeta1 whereas the NS was replaced in the NS group. The rats of each group survived for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after the lesion. The bFGF expression in the anterior horn motoneurons of spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Semi-thin section and Fast Blue retrograde tracing were also performed with the rats surviving for 21 days to observe the regeneration of distal end in the injured right sciatic nerve. RESULTS: The number of bFGF immunoreactive positive motoneurons in TGFbeta1 group was obviously higher than that of the NS group (P < 0.05). In the distal sciatic nerve of the rats treated with TGFbeta1, the number and diameter of regenerating myelinated axons and the thickness of myelinated sheath were more than those of the NS group (P < 0.05). The number of motoneurons in spinal cord and neurons in dorsol root ganglia (DRG) labelled with Fast Blue in the NS group was obviously lower than in the TGFbeta1 group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Exogenous TGFbeta1 plays an important role in promoting the peripheral nerve regeneration; TGFbeta1 up-regulates the bFGF expression in the anterior horn motoneurons of spinal cord during the peripheral nerve regeneration.
Animals ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Motor Neurons ; metabolism ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sciatic Nerve ; injuries ; metabolism ; physiology ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

BACKGROUND: C-telopeptide and N-telopeptide cross-linked collagen type Ⅰ (CTx and NTx, respectively) are specific biochemical bone markers that can reflect bone formation and resorption. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association of CTx with disuse osteoporosis. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-220 g, were randomly divided into control and disuse osteoporosis groups. Right hind limbs of the rats in the disuse osteoporosis group were immobilitzed for 4 weeks by ankle-tail fixation to establish the rat model of disuse osteoporosis. Peritoneal venous blood was collected before and after modeling, and the femur was then removed to measure the serum CTx level and bone mineral density of the bilateral femurs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The serum CTx level did not differ significantly between groups before modeling (P > 0.05). At 4 weeks after modeling, the serum CTx level in the disuse osteoporosis group was significantly higher than that in the control group and at baseline (P <0.01). The serum CTx level showed no significant change in the control group before and after modeling (P > 0.05). The increment of serum CTx in the disuse osteoporosis group exhibited a negative correlation with the bone mineral density of the bilateral femurs (r=0.426, P < 0.01). The bone mineral density of the right femur in the disuse osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that of the left one in the disuse osteoporosis group and the right one in the control group (P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the bone mineral density between left and right femurs in the control group (P > 0.05). These results imply that the model of disuse osteoporosis by ankle-tail fixation is established successfully. Disuse osteoporosis can promote the production of CTx further reducing bone mineral density; CTx is positively correlated with the degree of bone loss, so it can be used for therapeutic assessment and diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Collagen Type I ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/metabolism*