1.Socioeconomic Disparity and Depression Among Internal Migrant Workers In Myanmar
The International Medical Journal Malaysia 2019;18(3):120-126
Background: Over the past few decades, Myanmar has faced mass internal migration to seek job
opportunities and pursue a better life. Migration gives rise to unambiguous stress and depression. This study
aimed to assess the magnitude of depression and to identify the association between socioeconomic
disparity and depression among migrant workers in Myanmar. Methods and Materials: Cross-sectional study
was done among 1,201 migrants in Yangon Region. To assess the socioeconomic status, mental health status,
accessibility of health care service and Quality of Life by developing self–administered questionnaire. The
Generalized Linear Mixed Model was applied to determine the association between socioeconomic disparity
and depression after adjusting for other covariates. Result: Their average age was 31.44 ±10.31 years.
Gender distribution was not much different. About one third of respondents were factory workers and had
low level of education. The magnitude of depression was 38.22% (95%CI= 35.50-41.00). Regarding the
socioeconomic disparity, adequacy of income (AOR= 1.79, 95%CI: 1.35-2.37, p value<0.001) and floor surface
area of the houses (AOR= 1.21, 95%CI: 1.00-1.47, p value<0.001) were strongly associated with depression.
Moreover, other factors that were associated with depression were stress, quality of life and burden of
medical service cost. Conclusion: Two-fifth of internal migrant workers suffered depression. The findings
highlighted to develop intervention aimed to improve mental health status among migrants. In order to
achieve the sustainable development goals, it is important to make investment on mental health of the
migrant workers.
2.A collaborative care model of anticoagulation therapy in patients with stroke
Tzung-Yi Lee MS ; Helen L Po ; Ya-Ju Lin ; Wen-Ju Tsun ; Shen-Chuan Wang
Neurology Asia 2011;16(2):111-118
Background and Objectives: Anticoagulation clinics are widely used for anticoagulation management
in many countries, but have only recently began to gain acceptance in Taiwan. Our service model is
a physician-managed outpatient clinic collaborating with clinical pharmacist and nurse. This study
aimed to evaluate the adequacy of anticoagulation and rates of warfarin-related complications before
and after referral to our collaborative anticoagulation clinic (CAC). Methods: Stroke patients taking
warfarin from the neurology department were identifi ed and referred to the CAC during the 12-month
period from February 2009 to January 2010. Quality markers include percentage of international
normalized ratio (INR) values in the therapeutic range, frequency of INR monitoring, and frequency
of follow-up visits and the mean interval of next INR monitoring after non-therapeutic INRs were
compared one year before and after management in the CAC. Using studied patients as self-control,
they were included in the analysis if patients had at least 3 months follow-up or 3 INR values both
before and after referral. Results: A total of 44 stroke patients were included: mean age of 75.0 ± 9.7
years, with a CHADS2
score of 3.71 ± 0.69. The adequacy of anticoagulation was signifi cantly greater
during CAC care compared with the period before referral; the percentage of INR within expanded
therapeutic range was 60.9% versus 53.7%, respectively (p=0.049). Reduction in sub-therapeutic INR
values from 31.8% to 24.2% (p=0.023) contributed mostly to the improved quality of care. The time
interval of next INR monitoring after non-therapeutic INRs ( 4.0 or 1.5) was also signifi cantly
shorter. However, there was no signifi cant difference in the rates of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic
events which may be attributed to a small sample size.
Conclusion: Based on results of our study, a CAC may be the optimal structure for anticoagulation
management service in the future.