Aim To establish a stable hepatic stellate cell ( HSC ) -specific G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 ( GRK2 ) knockout mice and provide the important animal model for further studying the biological function of GRK2 in HSC. Methods The loxP-labeled Grk2 gene mouse (Grk2

Objective:To establish and assess the precision of pre-surgical condyle position planning using mandibular movement trajectory data for orthognathic surgery.Methods:Skull data from large-field cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)and dental oral scan data were imported into IVSPlan 1.0.25 software for 3D reconstruction and fusion,creating 3D models of the maxilla and mandible.Trajectory da-ta of mandibular movement were collected using a mandibular motion recorder,and the data were inte-grated with the jaw models within the software.Subsequently,three-dimensional trajectories of the con-dyle were obtained through matrix transformations,rendering them visually accessible.A senior oral and maxillofacial surgeon with experience in both diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disease and orthognathic surgery selected the appropriate condyle position using the condyle movement trajectory interface.During surgical design,the mobile mandibular proximal segment was positioned accordingly.Routine orthognathic surgical planning was completed by determining the location of the mandibular distal segment,which was based on occlusal relationships with maxilla and facial aesthetics.A virtual mandible model was created by integrating data from the proximal and distal segment bone.Subsequently,a solid model was generated through rapid prototyping.The titanium plate was pre-shaped on the mandibular model,and the screw hole positions were determined to design a condylar positioning guide device.In accordance with the surgical plan,orthognathic surgery was performed,involving mandibular bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(SSRO).The distal segment of the mandible was correctly aligned inter-maxillary,while the proximal bone segment was positioned using the condylar positioning guide device and the pre-shaped titanium plate.The accuracy of this procedure was assessed in a study involving 10 patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion.Preoperative condyle location planning and intraoperative po-sitioning were executed using the aforementioned techniques.CBCT data were collected both before the surgery and 2 weeks after the procedure,and the root mean square(RMS)distance between the preope-rative design position and the actual postoperative condyle position was analyzed.Results:The RMS of the condyle surface distance measured was(1.59±0.36)mm(95％CI:1.35-1.70 mm).This value was found to be significantly less than 2 mm threshold recommended by the expert consensus(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The mandibular trajectory may play a guiding role in determining the position of the mandibular proximal segment including the condyle in the orthognathic surgery.Through the use of a con-dylar positioning guide device and pre-shaped titanium plates,the condyle positioning can be personalized and customized with clinically acceptable accuracy.

AIM To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous content determination of liquiritin apioside,alibiflorin,swertiamarin,methyl gallate,benzoylpaeoniflorin,sweroside,6′-O-β-D-glucosylgentiopicroside,isoliquiritigenin,loganic acid,liquiritigenin,gallic acid,paeoniflorin,oxypaeoniflorin,gentiopicroside,glycyrrhizic acid,isoliquiritoside and liquiritin in Yangxue Ruanjian Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 40℃thermostatic Waters BEH C18column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate(containing 0.1%formic acid)-acetonitrile flowing at 0.3 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in negative ion scanning with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Seventeen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r>0.999 6),whose average recoveries were 91.33%-104.03%with the RSDs of 1.58%-3.50%.CONCLUSION This rapid,accurate and stable method can be used for the quality control of Yangxue Ruanjian Capsules.

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)among close contacts of positive etiology pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)patients,provide basis for formula-ting intervention measures for LTBI.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select close contacts of positive etiology PTB patients from 39 districts and counties in Chongqing City as the study objects.Demographic information was collected by questionnaire survey and the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by interferon gamma release assay(IGRA).The influencing factors of LTBI were analyzed by x2 test and binary logistic regression model.Results A total of 2 591 close contacts were included,the male to female ratio was 0.69∶1,with the mean age of(35.72±16.64)years.1 058 cases of LTBI were detected,Myco-bacterium tuberculosis latent infection rate was 40.83％.Univariate analysis showed that the infection rate was dif-ferent among peoples of different age,body mass index(BMI),occupation,education level,marital status,wheth-er they had chronic disease or major surgery history,whether they lived together with the indicator case,and whether the cumulative contact time with the indicator case ≥250 hours,difference were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05);infection rate presented increased trend with the increase of age and BMI(both P＜0.001),and decreased trend with the increase of education(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age 45-54 years old(OR=1.951,95％CI:1.031-3.693),age 55-64 years old(OR=2.473,95％CI:1.279-4.781),other occupations(OR=0.530,95％CI:0.292-0.964),teachers(OR=0.439,95％CI:0.242-0.794),students(OR=0.445,95％CI:0.233-0.851),junior high school education or below(OR=1.412,95％CI:1.025-1.944),BMI＜18.5 kg/m2(OR=0.762,95％CI:0.586-0.991),co-living with indicator cases(OR=1.621,95％CI1.316-1.997)and cumu-lative contact time with indicator cases ≥250 hours(OR=1.292,95％CI:1.083-1.540)were the influential fac-tors for LTBI(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The close contacts with positive etiology PTB have a high latent infection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,and it is necessary to pay attention to close contacts of high age,farmers,and frequent contact with patients,and take timely targeted interventions to reduce the risk of occurrence of disease.

Objective To investigate the application value of tear inflammatory factors in early evaluation of the occurrence of complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.Methods A total of 150 eyes of 150 patients with angle-closure glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy in Department of Ophthalmology of Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included.The clinical data of all patients were collected,and the levels of inflammatory factors(including G-CSF,GM-CSF,IFN-γ,MCP-1,TNF-α,IL-12,IL-13,IL-15,IL-1β,IL-4,IL-7,IL-10,IL-17,IL-5)in tears were detected before surgery.According to the occurrence of postoperative complications,the patients were divided into the complication group and the control group,and the clinical data of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of the occurrence of complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.The predictive model of tear inflammatory factors was established by Logistic regression,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the value of this model in early evaluation of the occurrence of complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.Results Complications occurred in 35(23.33%)of 150 glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy,including 24 cases of shallow anterior chamber,5 cases of ciliary body or choroid detachment,3 cases of iridocyclitis,2 cases of hyphema,and 1 case of retinal detachment.IFN-γ,GM-CSF and IL-5 levels of the patients in the complication group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of other inflammatory factors of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that increased levels of IFN-γ(OR=0.999),GM-CSF(OR=0.988)and IL-5(OR=0.996)were independent protective factors for complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 94.29%and 83.84%in early evaluation of the occurrence of complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients,and the AUC was 0.906,which was higher than that predicted by IFN-γ(AUC=0.642),GM-CSF(AUC=0.721)and IL-5(AUC=0.666)alone.Conclusion Preoperative analysis of tear inflammatory factors in glaucoma patients can early evaluate the occurrence of postoperative complications,especially the combined detection of IFN-γ,GM-CSF and IL-5 levels is of great significance for predicting the occurrence of complications.

OBJECTIVE To establish a ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum/mass spectrum(UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of anlotinib in human plasma and assessment of clinical application. METHODS Zanubrutinib was used as internal standard and the extraction process was performed through protein precipitation method using acetonitrile, followed by separation on an Ultimate XB-C18(100 mm×2.1 mm, 3.0 μm) column using acetonitrile and 10 mmol·L−1 ammonium acetate-0.1% formic acid step-elution gradient. The flow rate was 0.6 mL·min−1 and injection volume was 5 μL. The mass analysis was performed by positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple-reaction monitoring mode, and the mass spectrometer was set at m/z 408.1→339.1 for anlotinib and m/z 472.2→290.1 for internal standard, respectively. The specificity, standard curve and lower limit of quantification, precision and recovery, matrix effect and stability of the method and clinical application were investigated. RESULTS The method was validated over the concentration range of 1.0−100.0 ng·mL−1, with R2=0.998 4. The precision RSD was<9%, the recovery and matrix effect were 104.81%−107.32% and 102.54%−105.26%, respectively, and this method had good stability and was not affected by matrix effect. The method had been used for determined 52 advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with anlotinib. The trough plasma concentration (Ctrough) was measured on day 43 after initiation of anlotinib treatment. Anlotinib Ctrough were higher than lower limit of quantitation (1.0 ng·mL−1) from 52 patients. The plasma concentration of anlotinib Ctrough was (11.38±4.29)ng·mL−1 with 37.66% coefficients of variation, which were shown large inter-patient variability. CONCLUSION This method is high sensitivity, specificity and accurate, and suitable for determination of anlotinib in human plasma.

Objective To develop a health belief model(HBM)based adolescent alcohol-related cognition scale to measure adolescent alcohol-related cognition and test its reliability and validity.Methods The adolescents'alcohol-related cognitive scale was developed based on HBM model.By using purposive sampling,three general high schools in Qingpu District,Shanghai were selected.One-third of the classes from grades 10 and 11 in each school were randomly selected,and the students from these classes were surveyed as the research subjects.Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze its reliability(internal consistency reliability and combination reliability)and validity(structural validity,convergent validity,discriminative validity and criterion validity).Results A total of 970 questionnaires were collected,of which 948 were valid,with an effective rate of 97.7%.The adolescents'alcohol-related cognitive scale contained 22 items.Five common factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis,including perceived susceptibility,perceived severity,perceived benefits,perceived obstacles,and self-efficacy.The cumulative variance contribution rate reached 83.89%.The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the overall fit of the model.The average variance extracted value(AVE)of each dimension was greater than 0.5,and the convergent validity of the model was ideal.The AVE square root of each dimension of the scale was greater than its correlation coefficient,indicating good discrimination validity.Cronbach's α coefficient of the total volume table was 0.892,indicating good overall reliability.Conclusion The adolescents'alcohol-related cognitive scale developed in this study has good reliability and validity,which can be used to measure adolescents'alcohol-related perceptions.

Objective To investigate the associations of reproductive health indicators with lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)among women aged 40 years and above.Methods From Jul to Sep,2021,female subjects aged 40 years and above were randomly selected from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank for COPD screening.A questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographic characteristics and reproductive health indicators.Linear regression was used to analyze the effects of reproductive health indicators on forced vital capacity(FVC)and forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1).Logistic regression was also used to analyze the effects of reproductive health factors on FVC as a percentage of the predicted value(FVC%Pred)and FEV1%Pred as well as on COPD.Results A total of 1876 women aged 40 years and above were enrolled with mean age of(62.1±8.2)years old,among them,78.1%were menopausal,and 40.9%had been pregnant≥3 times.Multivariate analysis showed that FVC and FEV1 decreased in postmenopausal women,but menopause was not associated with a decrease in their percentage of predicted values.Pregnancies≥3 times was a risk factor for COPD(for 3 times,OR=4.92,95%CI:1.48-19.95,P<0.05;for≥4 times,OR=9.06,95%CI:2.32-41.57,P<0.01),while pregnancies of 2 times did not increase the risk of COPD.Conclusion In women aged 40 years and above,menopause is associated with poorer FVC and FEV1,and excessive pregnancy(≥3 times)is a risk factor for COPD.

Objective:To investigate serum vitamin A and vitamin D status in children aged 2-<7 years in 20 cities in China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 2 924 healthy children aged 2-<7 years were recruited from September 2018 to September 2019 from 20 cities in China, categorized by age groups of 2-<3 years, 3-<5 years, and 5-<7 years. The demographic and economic characteristics and health-related information of the enrolled children were investigated. Body weight and height were measured by professional staff members. The serum vitamin A and vitamin D levels were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were applied to analyze the association between vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency as well as their underlying impact factors.Results:The age of the 2 924 enrolled children was 4.33 (3.42, 5.17) years. There were 1 726 males (59.03%) and 1 198 females (40.97%). The prevalences of vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency in enrolled children were 2.19% (64/2 924) and 3.52% (103/2 924), respectively, and the insufficiency rates were 29.27% (856/2 924) and 22.20% (649/2 924), respectively. Children with both vitamin A and vitamin D deficiencies or insufficiencies were found in 10.50% (307/2 924) of cases. Both vitamin A ( χ2=7.91 and 8.06, both P=0.005) and vitamin D ( χ2=71.35 and 115.10, both P<0.001) insufficiency rates were higher in children aged 3-<5 and 5-<7 years than those in children aged 2-<3 years. Vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation in the last 3 months was a protective factor for vitamin A and D deficiency and insufficiency, respectively ( OR=0.68 and 0.22, 95% CI 0.49-0.95 and 0.13-0.40, both P<0.05). The rates of vitamin A and D insufficiency was higher in children with annual household incomes <60 000 RMB than in those with annual household incomes ≥60 000 RMB ( χ2=34.11 and 10.43, both P<0.01). Northwest and Southwest had the highest rates of vitamin A and vitamin D insufficiency in children aged 2-<7 yeas, respectively ( χ2=93.22 and 202.54, both P<0.001). Conclusions:Among 20 cities in China, children aged 2-<7 years experience high rates of vitamin A and vitamin D insufficiency, which are affected by age, family economic level, vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation, and regional economic level. The current results suggest that high level of attention should be paid to vitamin A and vitamin D nutritional status of preschool children.

Objective To explore characteristics of clinical parameters and cytokines in patients with drug-induced liver injury(DILI)caused by different drugs and their correlation with clinical indicators. Method The study was conducted on patients who were up to Review of Uncertainties in Confidence Assessment for Medical Tests(RUCAM)scoring criteria and clinically diagnosed with DILI.Based on Chinese herbal medicine,cardiovascular drugs,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),anti-infective drugs,and other drugs,patients were divided into five groups.Cytokines were measured by Luminex technology.Baseline characteristics of clinical biochemical indicators and cytokines in DILI patients and their correlation were analyzed. Results 73 patients were enrolled.Age among five groups was statistically different(P=0.032).Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(P=0.033)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(P=0.007)in NSAIDs group were higher than those in chinese herbal medicine group.Interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in patients with Chinese herbal medicine(IL-6:P<0.001;TNF-α:P<0.001)and cardiovascular medicine(IL-6:P=0.020;TNF-α:P=0.001)were lower than those in NSAIDs group.There was a positive correlation between ALT(r=0.697,P=0.025),AST(r=0.721,P=0.019),and IL-6 in NSAIDs group. Conclusion Older age may be more prone to DILI.Patients with NSAIDs have more severe liver damage in early stages of DILI,TNF-α and IL-6 may partake the inflammatory process of DILI.