Objective To provide a basis for specific intervention by dynamic observation of the households'related health life behavior and the children fluorosis change trend caused by the coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Pu'an County.Methods Three villages were chosen using simple random sampling method in 2011-2013 for continuous monitoring.Every monitoring year in each monitoring village,according to the principle of every household survey,10 households were selected to survey related health life behavior;,and in the monitoring village all the children aged 8-12 years old were selected for Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis (WS/T 208-2001),and in each age group,10 urine samples (half male half female) were collected,the fluoride content was determined by the ion selective electrode method (WS/T 89-1996).Results In 2011-2013,the households stoves qualified rate,stoves correct usage rate and the corn or chili correct drying rate were all 100.00％ (30/30).The dental fluorosis incidences of 8-12 years old children were 63.60％ (332/522),25.44％ (173/680) and 14.29％ (80/560),respectively,decreased year by year (x2 =324.67,P ＜ 0.05).In 2011-2013,children urinary fluoride levels were 0.83,0.84 and 0.68 mg/L,respectively.The difference between years was statistically significant (x2 =26.89,P ＜ 0.05),and the level in 2013 was significantly lower than those of 2011 and 2012 (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion In 2011-2013,the residents in Pu'an have good health life behavior,and the condition of children's dental fluorosis is decreased year by year.

Background Lasein situ keratomileusi(LASIK) imainstream surgery forefractive correction,and femtosecond laseimuch often used to create thin corneal flap.The measuremenof OPTOVUE RTVue-100 OCto flap and stromal bed thicknesseofferuseful basifoLASIK.Ican be used in measuring the thicknesand shape of the corneal flap.Buthe study on the comparison of flap thicknesbetween WavelighFS200 femtosecond laseand MoriM2 microkeratome 90 μm-knife (Mori90 microkeratome) LASIK by OCilack.Objective The aim of thitrial wato compare the featureof corneal flapcreated by the WavelighFS200 femtosecond laseand Mori90 microkeratome.Methodpiloand prospective study wadesigned.Written informed consenwaobtained from each patienprioto LASIK.Sixty righeyeof 60 patientwith myopiomyopiastigmatism were enrolled in thiclinical trial.The patientwere randomized into the FS200 femtosecond lasegroup and Mori90 microkeratome group with matching demography.RTVue OCwaused to measure flap thicknesusing 10 settingon the 60 eye1 month afteoperation.The featureof the LASIK flapwere analyzed based on the measuring outcomes.ResultThe central flap thickneswa(112±3) μm and the mean flap thickneswa(112 ±3) μm in the FS200 femtosecond lasegroup,which wasignificanlowethan the central flap thicknesa(121±7) μm and the mean flap thicknesa(128±11) μm in the Mori90 microkeratome group respectively (P=0.031,0.030).Corneal flapin the FS200 femtosecond lasegroup showed flashape and thain the Mori90 microkeratome group wameniscushape.The central flap thickneswanoevidently differenfrom thaof peripheral thicknesin the FS200 femtosecond lasegroup (P =0.320).However,in the Mori90 microkeratome group,the central flap thickneswaobviously thinnethan thain the peripheral thicknes(P=0.038).The mean deviation between the actual and predicted flap thicknes(110 μm) wa(3±4)μm in the FS200 femtosecond lasegroup and (17±10) μm in the Mori90 microkeratome group,showing significandifference between them (P =0.009).ConclusionRTVue OCdeterminethathe shape of flapcreated by the FS200 femtosecond laseimore uniform and closeto the expected thicknesof 110 μm than the onecreated by the Mori90 microkeratome.OPTOVUE RTVue-100 OCiuseful tool to evaluate the flap shape and thicknesafteLASIK.

ObjectiveTo detect the ultrastructure of neural stem cells (NSCs) cultured in vitro .MethodsNSCs separated from the cortex of 17—19 days Wistar rat fetus were cultured and induced to differentiate in vitro. Electron microscopes were used to visualize the ultrastructure of these cells before and after differentiation.ResultsNSCs had the similar cellular size, morphology and intracellular structures pre-differentiation. Cells were able to proliferate via mitosis. The nucleus/cytoplasm ratio was very high. The nucleus was poly-morphological. Cells had very little cytoplasm and no mature organelles. After differentiation, several processes protruded out from cellular surface. Cells became flat shape, the volume of cytoplasm increased dramatically and various kinds of mature organelles appeared in the cytoplasm. Cells differentiated into two kinds of cells,neural cells and glial cells,with quite different morphology and intracellular structure. ConclusionNSC is one kind of original cells which can be induced to differentiate into mature neural cells and glial cells.

The promoter of mitochondria-localized small heat shock protein gene in Lycopersicon esculentum (Lehsp23.8) is characterized as strongly heat-inducible. In this study, to determine how the expression of Lehsp23.8 is regulated, we conducted five expression vectors carrying the gus gene driven by the 5' deletion products of the Lehsp23.8 promoter. The corresponding transgenic tobacco plants were generated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants were identified by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. GUS activities under heat-shock conditions were characterized in transgenic tobacco plants. After heat shock, obvious GUS staining was detected in the leaves, shoots, roots, flowers and fruits of the transgenic tobacco plants. The result of fluorometric GUS assays in leaves showed that the heat-induced GUS activity of the 565 bp promoter was the strongest, while that of the 255 bp promoter was the lowest. Deletion analysis shows that the smallest promoter fragment (-255 bp to -23 bp) is sufficient for heat induction. It also indicates that the sequences between -255 bp and -565 bp serve as enhancers, while the sequences between -565 bp and -871 bp can repress the heat-induced activity of the Lehsp23.8 promoter.
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; Heat-Shock Proteins, Small ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hot Temperature ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; genetics ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Tobacco ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo identify the fibrinogen (Fg) gene mutations in a Chinese pedigree of congenital afibrinogenemia.

METHODSThe plasma Fg activity and protein of the proband and his family members were detected. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All the exons and exon-intron boundaries of fibrinogen gene were amplified by PCR and sequenced thereafter.

RESULTSTwo mutations, 7972 del G in FGB and T2543A in FGG, were found in the proband.

CONCLUSIONSFGG2543 is a polymorphism site, which lead to the polymorphism of gamma144 I/K. The G deletion at base 7972 of FGB contributes to the frameshift mutation after amino acid 419, resulting in the truncated beta chain without the terminal 27 amino acids. The latter may contributes to the pathogenetic mechanisms in Chinese congenital afibrinogenemia patients. The G deletion at base 7972 of FGB is identified for the first time.

Adult ; Afibrinogenemia ; congenital ; genetics ; metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Western ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; Humans ; Introns ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

ObjectiveTo investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women,newborn heel blood thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) level and their relationship with urinary iodine(UI) level during pregnancy in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New Area of Shanghai.Methods A total of 993 urinary samples(the first,second and third trimesters of pregnancy were 200 people,respectively),breast feeding(193 people) and non-pregnant women (200 people) in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New area were collected from Apr 2009 to Dec 2010.Two hundred copies of neonatal heel blood samples were collected.Median of UI was measured by arsenic-cerium catalysis.TSH in neonatal heel blood was analyzed 72 h after birth by time resolved fluoroisnmunoassay(TRFIA).ResultsMedian UI of all pregnant women was 161.35 μg/L,and that in third trimesters of pregnancy( 126.35 μg/L) was lower than that of the first,the second,the breast feeding and non-pregnant women (178.80,180.50,167.90,163.40 μg/L,all P＜ 0.05).The percentage of UI level less than 150 μg/L in the third trimester[57.5％(115/200) ] was higher than that of the first[39.0％(78/200) ],the second[39.5％(79/200) ],the breast feeding [ 16.6％ (32/193) ] and non-pregnant women [ 23.0％ (46/200) ],respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of UI level higher than 300 μg/L in the first [9.0％(18/200)],the second[8.0％(16/200) ] and the third trimester [ 5.0％ ( 10/200 ) ] of pregnancy was lower than that of the breast feeding [ 20.2％ (39/193) ] and nonpregnant [20.5％(41/200) ] women,respectively(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of neonatal heel blood TSH was(2.92 ± 1.83)mU/L,the range was 0.01 - 9.76 mU/L,11.0％(22/200) of the neonates heel blood TSH level(5 mU/L)exceeded the ratio of World Health Organization (WHO) standard ( ＜ 3％ ) suitable for iodine nutrition.Conclusions The overall level of iodine nutrition among pregnant women in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New Area of Shanghai is in the appropriate range,but the pregnant women in the third trimester is in mild iodine deficiencies,and the neonates in these districts may be prone to iodine deficiency.Monitoring of iodine nutrition of pregnant women should be strengthened and iodine supplementation should be done scientifically.

Objective To explore the incidence rate of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which transferred to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to study the related influencing factors. Methods 600 MCI aged people were experienced screening test which was conducted by WHO-BCA, MMSE and DCR. A three-year follow-up study was conducted to get the information on the aged people with MCI. Data related to demography, behavior, chronic diseases and perception of the elderly with MCI were collected through face to face interview. Characteristics of the elderly with MCI aged people were tested by 16PF. The content of Apoe was tested by PCR.People with NC were investigated by telephone to get the progression and the time to AD.Methodologies on statistics were log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results The incidence rate of MCI to AD was 6.53% person-years. The incidence rate of the normal people to AD was 1.24% person-years. The hazard of MCI to AD was 5.27 times (95%CI: 3.01-9.82)of the normal people to AD. The result of Cox proportional hazards regression model displayed that: older age (RR=3.14, 95% CI: 2.98-7.46) , hypertension (RR=3.28, 95% CI: 3.02-8.48) ,hyperlipermia (RR = 2.22,95%CI: 1.29-3.82), diabetes (RR=4.87,95%CI: 2.56-9.25), lack of sports (RR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.29-3.14), anxiety (RR=4.46, 95%CI: 3.07-8.14), dread fulness (RR=4.08,95% CI: 3.52-5.25), loneliness (RR= 1.89,95% CI: 1.13-3.16), characteristics of anxiety (RR= 5.07,95%CI: 2.56-10.04, introvert characteristics (RR=2.05,95%CI: 1.33-3.15) and ApoE4 (RR= 1.73,95% CI: 1.15-2.63) were the risk factors of MCI to AD. Higher education (RR=0.29, 95% CI:0.07-0.43), intellectual work(RR=0.14,95%CI: 0.05-0.32), often reading books(RR=0.30,95%CI:0.15-0.58), often taking part in recreational activities (RR=0.41,95%CI: 0.23-0.75) seemed to be the protective of MCI to AD. Conclusion The rate of the elderly with MCI that developing to AD was high, suggesting further study on the cognitive situation among the MCI aged people should be carried out.

As a serious disease of death and disability, stroke constitutes a serious threat to human health. Because of stroke patients often have high-risk factors of malnutrition such as dysphagia and autonomic eating disorder, the hospitalization time, mortality and disability rate of stroke patients increases. Nutritional therapy can effectively improve the malnutrition of patients, which are of great significance for the treatment and rehabilitation of stroke and the prevention of its complications. Nutrients are important components of nutrition therapy, and different ways of nutrition therapy directly affect the effect of treatment. This article summarizes effects of nutrients and different nutritional treatments on stroke prevention, morbidity and treatment, and provides a theoretical basis and new thinking for further reducing the incidence rate of stroke, improving the quality of life in patients and reducing the financial burden of society and family.
Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Malnutrition/prevention & control* ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritional Support/adverse effects* ; Quality of Life ; Stroke/prevention & control*

OBJECTIVETo compare the long-term outcomes of patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or medical therapy for treatment of chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO).

METHODSThe patients with CTO were selected from a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) between 2008 and 2009. The patients with multiple CAG were excluded. The patients received treatments with PCI, CABG, or conservative medication therapy and were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 5 years.

RESULTSA total of 253 patients were enrolled in this study, including 192 receiving PCI, 48 receiving CABG, and 13 treated conservatively with medications. The baseline clinical characteristics were similar among the 3 groups except for increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC) in the medication group, and increased Syndax score in CABG group. During the follow-up, the incidences of MACE, AMI, death, stroke or heart failure did not differ significantly among the 3 groups (P>0.05). However, CABG group showed a higher incidence of the stroke than the other two groups although this difference did not reach a statistically significantly level (P=0.06).

CONCLUSIONOur study did not demonstrate that recanalization offers greater long-term benefits than medications for treatment of CTO, and the patients receiving CABG appeared to have a higher incidence of stroke.

Chronic Disease ; Cohort Studies ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Occlusion ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the treatment outcome of HLA-identical sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients in first chronic phase (CP(1)).

METHODSFifty-one patients with CML-CP(1) received HLA-identical sibling allo-HSCT with conditioning regimens of TBI plus Cy or Bu plus Cy. Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were performed for 28 and 23 patients, respectively. The median follow-up duration was 1434 (60 - 4062) days.

RESULTSFifty (98.0%) patients were successfully engrafted. Transplant-related mortality occurred in 8 (15.7%) patients. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) occurred in 35 (68.6%) patients and 11 (21.6%) patients were grade II-IV, while chronic GVHD (cGVHD) did in 17 (37.8%) patients. Five (7.4%) patients relapsed. The 5-year probability of disease-free survival (DFS) was (79.2 +/- 6.4)%. There was no significant difference in 5-year DFS, death rate and treatment related syndromes between the two conditioning regimens (P > 0.05), and in 5-year DFS, relapse rate and death rate between two transplant choices (P > 0.05). However, the rate of relapse was lower in Bu/Cy group (P < 0.01) and the rate of cGVHD was higher in allo-PBSCT group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAllo-HSCT can cure a significant proportion of patients with CML-CP(1). There was no significant difference in DFS between the two different conditioning regimens and between the different transplant choices. Donor lymphocyte infusion is a therapeutic alternative for CML patients relapsed after transplantation.

Adult ; Female ; HLA Antigens ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Siblings ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome