Developments in science and technology include the use of laser as an auxiliary device in treating oral diseases. Nd:YAG laser is convenient and safe to use. Nd:YAG laser irradiation leaves no scabby area on the wound surface, causes a mild reaction postoperation, and promotes high comfort. Therefore, this treatment has attracted increasing attention in the clinical setting. This review enumerates the applications of water-cooled pulsed Nd:YAG laser in hard and soft tissues in oral medicine. Nd:YAG laser in hard tissues can be applied in cavity preparation, acid etching, root canal preparation and sterilization, and dentin desensitization therapy. Meanwhile, the applications of this laser in soft tissues include adjunctive therapy in basic periodontitis treatment, gingival aesthetic treatment, and resection. This review suggests the importance of Nd:YAG laser as an auxiliary device in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
Dental Cavity Preparation ; Dentin ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Oral Medicine ; instrumentation ; methods ; Root Canal Preparation

Background and purpose:In recent years,sleeve resection of bronchus and pulmonary artery has been more extensively applied in treatments of lung cancer patients with poor pulmonary functions.This kind of surgery meets the basic surgical principles of lung cancer being maximum both in resecting the carcinoma of the lungs and preserving pulmonary functions,has a good prospect.Therefore,we summarize our recent experience in treating central type lung cancer by this method and discuss its principles and methods in the application of the surgical operation.Methods:From Dec.1993 to Dec.2003,63 patients with central type lung cancer underwent sleeve lobectomy of bronchus and pulmonary artery,including sleeve resection of bronchus and pulmonary artery in 43 cases,wedge resection of bronchus and pulmonary artery in 3 cases,sleeve resection of bronchus and wedge resection of pulmonary artery in 17 cases.The surgical procedures of sleeve resection included sleeve resection of right upper lobe and pulmonary artery in 20 cases,sleeve resection of left upper lobe and pulmonary artery in 23 cases,and the length of pulmonary artery that had been respected is from 1.5cm to(4.5cm),the average length is 2.5cm.The surgical procedures of wedge resection included wedge resection of right upper lobe and pulmonary artery in 2 cases, wedge resection of left upper lobe and pulmonary artery in 1 case.The group of sleeve resection of bronchus with wedge resection of pulmonary artery included sleeve resection of right upper lobe and wedge resection of pulmonary artery in 5 cases,sleeve resection of left upper lobe and wedge resection of pulmonary artery in 12 cases.Results:No case of death and anastomotic leak occurred.Conclusions:Because sleeve resection of bronchus and pulmonary artery can not only effectively resect the tumor but also maximally preserve the pulmonary function at the same time,it enlarges the surgical indications of lung cancer,and is an effective and safe method for the treatment of lung cancer.

Objective To understand the epidemiological distribution and epidemic situation of brucellosis cases in Zhejiang Province in 2003 - 2012. Methods Questionnaires of confirmed brucellosis cases, annual reports of prevention and control work of brucellosis in the cities and monitoring points were collected and analyzed in 2003 - 2012. Population distribution, regional distribution, infection sources and routes of infection, aetiology and clinical symptoms and signs of the brucellosis cases were analyzed descriptively. Results A total of 323 brucellosis cases were reported in 2003 - 2012, the average annual incidence rate was 0.070/one hundred thousand, the incidence rate in 2012(0.190/one hundred thousand) was high. There were 272 people of the 323 brucellosis cases were from occupational populations, accounting for 84.21%(272/323); people worked in buying, slaughtering and trafficking of livestock products were majority of the cases, accounting for 65.02%(210/323); and unoccupational population was accounting for 15.79%(51/323). Regional distribution of brucellosis was gradually spreading; the average incidence rate of Shaoxing City was the highest ( 0 . 226/one hundred thousand ) . Three hundred patients were infected by sheep, accounting for 92.88%(300/323), and only 7.12%(23/323) of the patients were infected by cattle. Two hundred and eighty-seven acute phase patients of brucellosis were checked by blood culture, and thirty-nine Brucella melitensis strains and two Brucella abortus strains were detected. The chronicity survey of 120 confirmed cases of brucellosis were conducted, chronicity rate was 3.33%(4/120). Conclusions Trends in the epidemic situation of brucellosis in Zhejiang Province has continued to spread. The main source of infection is sheep from the North. Occupational populations are major populations at risk. The key of prevention and control is to strengthen the active monitoring of occupation personnel , health education and behavior intervention.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in non-occupational population reported in Hangzhou, and provide basis for diagnosis and further prevention and control of brucellosis in non-occupational population.Methods:The basic information, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics and laboratory test data of brucellosis patients reported in Hangzhou from 2008 to 2019 were collected retrospectively. The data were obtained from the case questionnaire of confirmed brucellosis and annual report of brucellosis prevention and control work of Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention over the years. The epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics and diagnosis of brucellosis in non-occupational population were analyzed.Results:From 2008 to 2019, 76 cases of brucellosis in non-occupational population were reported in Hangzhou, accounting for 34.23% (76/222) of the total reported brucellosis cases. In the 76 cases of brucellosis in non-occupational population, there were 47 males and 29 females, the ratio of male to female was 1.62∶1.00; the age was (47.37 ± 16.04) years old, ranging from 6 to 84 years old. The peak incidence of brucellosis in non-occupational population was from March to May, accounting for 59.21% (45/76); the main routes of infection were direct contact and digestive tract, accounting for 80.26% (61/76). The main clinical symptoms were fever (100.00%, 76/76), hyperhidrosis (73.68%, 56/76) and muscle and joint pain (69.74%, 53/76); the diagnosis time was 27 (14, 49) d, and the longest diagnosis time was 190 d. Among them, 39 cases were misdiagnosed, accounting for 51.32% (39/76). Sixty suspected Brucella strains were identified by routine culture of automatic blood culture apparatus in hospital laboratory, and 54 strains of Brucella melitensis were identified by typing, with a coincidence rate of 90.00%. The blood culture rate of patients from 2015 to 2019 (88.46%, 46/52) was significantly higher than that from 2008 to 2014 (58.33%, 14/24), the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=8.968, P < 0.05). Conclusions:From 2008 to 2019, the onset of brucellosis in non-occupational population is seasonal in Hangzhou, the infection mode is diverse, the clinical symptoms are not typical, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed. Blood culture for suspected brucellosis patients in high incidence season is conducive to the early diagnosis of brucellosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of overexpression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1)on the migration in vitro of the murine mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and its possible mechanism. METHODS The migration ability of normal mouse MSC (C3) ,empty vector-transfected MSC(C3+N) and VCAM-1 transfected MSC(C3+VCAM-1)was assessed by Transwell culture system in vitro after incubation for 8 and 12 h,respectively. The fetal bovine serum (FBS) was used as the chemotactic agent to induce MSC migration. The transmigrated cells were detected with methylosaniliam chloride(crystal violet)as well as DAPI staining.Furthermore,the specific chemical inhibitors of mitogen-activation protein kinase (MAPK) pathway ( SB203580,PD98059 and JNK inhibitorⅡ)were added to the Transwell system for 12 h and the alteration of the MSC migration ability was evaluated. RESULTS After incubation with FBS for 8 and 12 h,the absolute migrated cell number(7467 ± 485 and 8795 ± 255)and migration rate〔(14.9 ± 1.0)% and(17.6 ± 0.5)%〕of MSC in C3+VCAM-1 group were significantly increased compared with C3 group〔2731±562 and 4779±224, (5.5 ± 1.1)%and(9.6 ± 0.4)%〕and C3+N group〔2539 ± 321 and 5645 ± 1080,(5.1 ± 0.6)%and(11.3 ± 1.1)%〕(P<0.05,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between C3 and C3+N groups. Moreover,the MSC migration ability of C3+VCAM-1 group was partially suppressed by addition of JNK inhibitorⅡ. The transmigrated cell number(4843 ± 167)and migration rate〔(9.7 ± 0.3)%〕were decreased compared with those of C3+VCAM-1 group without JNK inhibitorⅡ(P<0.01). SB203580 and PD98059,as specific chemical inhibitors of MAPK pathway,had no effect on MSC migration. CONCLUSION VCAM-1 can enhance mouse MSC migration in vitro and th4e mechanism may be related to JNK/MAPK pathway activation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of Bushenguchiwan on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in periodontium of rats with experimental periodontitis.

METHODSThe model of experimental periodontitis of rats was established and treated by Bushenguchiwan with different doses. The periodontal tissues from groups of different doses were immunohistochemically stained by antibody of MMP-13. The expression of MMP-13 was examined and semi-quantitative analysis of signals performed by integrated absorbance.

RESULTSMMP-13 was intensely positive in gingival epithelial cells and periodontal fibroblasts in periodontitis models and negative in normal rat periodontal tissues. After 30 days of Bushenguchiwan treatment with high dose, middle dose and low dose, the expression of MMP-13 (2.9103 ± 0.5534, 3.6588 ± 0.4330, 4.4550 ± 0.4255) was down-regulated respectively compared with model rats (5.3233 ± 0.7993), P < 0.05. After 60 days of treatment the expression of MMP-13 (2.1855 ± 0.5381, 2.8558 ± 0.4759, 3.8980 ± 0.5885) was down-regulated more significantly. with model rats (6.2693 ± 0.4538), P < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONSBushenguchiwan could down-regulate the expression of MMP-13 in rats' periodontium and the high dose group had better effect.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Epithelial Cells ; enzymology ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; enzymology ; Gingiva ; cytology ; enzymology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ; metabolism ; Periodontitis ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; microbiology ; Periodontium ; cytology ; enzymology ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To explore the prognostic value of Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN)criteria combined with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ)and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)scoring system in acute kidney injury(AKI)after cardiac surgery. Methods Clinical data of patients who underwent open-heart surgery in Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University from April 2009 to August 2009 were prospectively collected.AKI after cardiac surgery was classified by AKIN staging system.APACHE Ⅱ and SOFA scores were evaluated according to the worst value of physiologic variables in the 1st 24 h after surgery.Discrimination and calibration of these three models were assessed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.Besides,their effects on inhospital mortality were evaluated by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 993 admissions,309 patients developed AKI and the incidence was 31.1%.The median time that developed postoperative AKI and reached the Scr peak were 1 d and 2 d respectively.Either APACHE Ⅱ or SOFA scores,which was positively correlted with the severity of AKI(APACHEⅡr=0.37,P<0.01;SOFA r=0.42,P<0.01)was higher in AKI patients compared with that in nonAKI patients(P<0.01).The mortality rose corresponding to the severity of kidney injury.However,the predicted death rate-adjusted(PDR-A)calculated by APACHE Ⅱ scoreS Was higher than the actual value in non-AKI patients and AKIN stage 1(P<0.01),while it was lower in AKIN stage 3 (P<0.01).The areas under the ROC curve of APACHEⅡ,SOFA and AKIN criteria were all above 0.8 and the results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test indicated good calibration of three models.Multivariate analysis showed that APACHE Ⅱ≥19(OR=4.26)and AKIN stage 3(OR=76.151 were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Conclusions AKI can be classified by AKIN criteria in the early stage after cardiac surgery and the AKIN staging system may serve the prediction of prognosis.The APACHE Ⅱ and SOFA scores just evaluated in the 1st 24 h after operation can discern the severity of patients'illness.Three models all present good discrimination and calibration in predicting patients'outcome.APACHE Ⅱ≥19 along with AKIN stage 3 are found to be the independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.It should be noticed that the deviation between PDR-A and the actual mortality in subgroups,dynamic evaluation may raise the accuracy of scoring system.

Objective To observe the effects of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Her2 on its gene expression when the shRNA was stably transfected into human ovarian cell lines, SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl, which have different extent of malignancy and investigate the changes of the biological characters of the two cell lines after the stable transfection. Methods The plasmids expressing shRNA targeting Her2 gene were transfected into SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells. The stably transfected cells were gained by antibiotic screening. The expression of Her2 before and after the transfection was detected by RT- PCR and western blot. The transwell experiment was used to observe the invasion ability of the cancer cells before and after the transfection, and the parent and the transfected cells were injected into nude mice to observe the tumor growth. Results After the stable transfection with Her2 shRNA, mRNA and protein levels of Her2 gene in SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells were remarkably reduced. The expression of mRNA were (68.0±3. 1) %, (40. 8±2. 0) %, (99. 9±1.3) %, (42. 4±2. 5) %. The expression of protein were (72. 1±3.4) %, (36. 4±1.5) %, (98.2±1.7) %, (40. 7±2. 1) %. The invasion ability into basilar membrane of the transfected cells was greatly reduced compared with the parent cells. The invasion cell numbers were 7.6±1.1, 1.8±0. 8, 36. 2±9.7, 15.7±7. 2. The growth rate of the planted tumors was lower in transfected groups than that of the parent groups. Conclusions (1) The expression of Her2 gene in SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells was remarkably reduced by RNA interference targeting Her2. (2) The biological characters of SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells are changed when the expression of Her2 gene is reduced by RNA interference.

BACKGROUND:Donkey-hide glue reinforcing bone oral solution (DGRBOS) is effective on preventing and treating fracture, but the mechanism of harmacology is still not clear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) are important cytokines, which can promote blood vessel growth and osseous anabolism during fracture healing.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of DGRBOS on expression of VEGF and FGF-2 in the process of fracture healing of SD rats' fracture of tibia in bony callus, and explore the mechanism of DGRBOS in the treatment of fracture.DESIGN: A completely randomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: Ninety female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a mean weight of (368±40) g, aged about 3 months, wereprovided by Center of Animal Experiment, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.Experimental drug: DGRBOS was donated by Xinjiang Huashidan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The qili linking bone pill,positive control drug, was purchased from Hunan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Laboratory for Bone Metabolism of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (Laboratory of Provincial Level), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from June to November 2005. Transverse midshaft fractures were produced on the right tibia in these rats using three-point bending technique, and 90 rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups:the DGRBOS group (n =30): according to medicine conversional method between human being and animal, 2 mL DGRBOS was fed to every mouse by intragastric administration at 2 vices/day; the qili linking bone pill group (positive control group, n =30): the pills dissolved in distilled water at 225 g/L, and consequently were administered intragastrically into mice at 2 mL/vice and 2 vices/day; normal saline group (negative control group, n =30): normal saline was administered intragastrically into mice at the coordinative capacity and same frequences. Selecting 4, 7, 14,21 and 28 days during the experiment, the immunohistochemistry method was adopted to detect the change of expression of VEGF and FGF-2 through computing value of mean optical degree (MOD) and number of the positive cells.

Objective - - To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of multi site work related musculoskeletal disorders （ ） Methods WMSDs in surgeons. A total of 102 surgeons from four hospitals were selected as study subjects by convenient sampling method. The Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of ， Results WMSDs in the past one year the related individuals and occupational factors. The total prevalence of WMSDs among （ ）， （ ） （ ） surgeons was 54.9%. The top three sites were neck 48.0% lower back 35.3% and shoulder 32.4% . The prevalence of （ vs ，P ） WMSDs in multiple sites was higher than that in a single site 43.1% 11.8% <0.01 . Multivariate logistic regression ， ， analysis showed that surgeons who smoked were tired at work and had a bent back had a higher risk of developing WMSDs ［ （ - ）， （ - ）， （ - ）， P ］ odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.66 1.41 9.46 8.33 2.15 32.20 and 18.74 2.14 166.77 all <0.01 Conclusion - after excluding the influence of confounding factors. The prevalence rate of multi site WMSDs among surgeons is ， high and the influencing factors include bad living habits and occupational factors such as working load and working posture.