Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, and is caused by complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Diabetes mellitus can lead to various ocular surface disorders, including dry eye, superficial punctuatekeratitis, corneal epithelial defects, and recurrent corneal erosion et al. This review focuses on the domestic and overseas research progress on dry eye in diabetics.

Internal limiting membrane ( ILM) peeling is commonly used in the operation of idiopathic macular hole ( IMH ) surgery. The success of ILM peeling has been greatly improved with the assistance of vital dyes. Currently, several kinds of vital dyes such as indocyanine green ( ICG ) , brilliant blue G ( BBG ) are applied in the ILM staining. However, all of the vital dyes have potential toxicity and side effects on the retina. In recent years, many kinds of dyes and staining improved emerge in endlessly. This paper reports the progress in the application of different colorants in the operation of IMH.

The paper first analyzes the current status of and existing problems with the management personnel in domestic third-tier hospitals and expounds from such angles as work motives, knowledge structure and personality the necessary qualities that hospital management personnel should possess. Then it argues on the basis of analyses from such perspectives as methodology, disciplinary system development and macro policy environment that only through appropriate training in hospital management can the current status of the management personnel in domestic hospitals be changed, the professional advancement of the management personnel in the third-tier hospitals be genuinely realized, and the support and impetus for maintaining the competitiveness of domestic third-tier hospitals in the medical market be provided.

To introduce the international registration condition of acupuncture clinical research. With the examples of World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the U. S. National Institutes of Health Clinical Registration Platform, the registration method and current condition of acupuncture clinical trials in international clinical trials registration platform were analyzed. The results indicate that the number of acupuncture clinical trials registration is gradually increased and the registration number from China is on the rise as well. But most domestic acupuncture clinical researches haven't been registered arid the researchers' valuing degree for clinical trials registration and methodology research needs to be improved.
Acupuncture Therapy ; standards ; Biomedical Research ; legislation & jurisprudence ; standards ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; legislation & jurisprudence ; standards ; Humans ; Registries

Objective To lay foundation for the establishment of national standards of electroacupuncture devices by exploring the problems existing in their clinical application.Methods An analysis was made of the models, stimulus waveforms and complex waveform characteristics, stimulus frequencies, current intensities and pulse widths of electroacupuncture devices reported in clinical literature. The actual output frequencies of three kinds of electroacupuncture devices were measured using RM6240C multi-channel physiological signal acquisition and processing system to observe the accuracy of their actual output parameters and summarize the problems existing in electroacupuncture devices. Results The reports on electroacupuncture device parameters showed that of the five indicators analyzed statistically, the frequency of described waveforms was the highest (96.2%); the frequencies of described models (88.8%), stimulus frequencies (61.7) and current intensities (11.2%) were next; the frequency of described pulse widths was the lowest (1.8%). The electroacupuncture device most commonly used clinically was G6805 series, but the subtypes were confused because of many manufacturers. The waveform was described more frequently but complex waveform characteristics were less. The difference of frequencies of clinical application of electroacupuncture was larger. They were from 0.8-400 Hz but described less accurately. The output frequency was indicated by the range in most of the literature. The output adjusters of the three kinds of electroacupuncture devices did not correspond to their actual output frequencies. There was a larger difference between the actual range of output frequencies and the adjustable frequency range indicated in the instruction.Conclusions Electroacupuncture devices have the problems of lacking a display unit of actual output parameter values, the adjusting parameters of the knob adjustable controller being not precise enough and the actual values of output frequencies not reaching the rated range in the instruction.

The results of experiment showed that B. subtilis BR151 and MI112 containing plasmid pUB110 in LB liquid medium is more stabl than in LB slant. Stable recipient strain BSG for plasmid pUB110 was obtained by mutagenesis with NTG. The strain BSG is more efficient recipient of transformation for shuttle vectors pPTE4 and pBE2 from E.coli than its parent. The chimeric plasmids which contain small inserts are stable in strain BSG after 30 generations.

Meridian, collateral and acupoints is the basic course of acupuncture and moxibustion and even is the core for training excellent acupuncture physician. Associated with the characters of international students, the writers had the preliminary exploration and practice on teaching this course. For the acupoint names, the international codes of acupoints and Chinese pinyin were applied in combination and the meanings of acupoint were explained to deepen the understanding of acupoints. For acupoint location, the international standards and classical medical works were combined and the experiences in acupoint location were introduced additionally to open the approach to acupoint location. For acupoint effect, the major functions and ancient medical cases were combined to improve the learning interests. For acupoint location practice, the demonstration by teachers was combined with practice and drawing of acupoints and meridians was supplemented to consolidate the foundational knowledge.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; China ; Humans ; Internationality ; Learning ; Meridians ; Students

Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant

Pulse-taking, as one of the four diagnostic methods of inspection, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse-taking, can fully embodies the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine. Pulse-taking is the teaching key point for the international students. However, because the pulsetheory and literature is quite profound and abstract and there is a long distance between the class teaching and clinical practice, the teaching of pulse-taking is also the difficult point for the international students. Therefore, the pulse-taking teaching should focus on the interesting teaching, the culture of traditional Chinese medicine of pulse, image teaching and practice training.

Objective Objective To analysis the clinical curative effect on elderly patients with choledocholithiasis by endoscopic retro-grade cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy ( EST) and discuss its clinical significance. Methods 256 patients with choledocholithiasis were collected for diagnosis and treatment by ERCP. The stone characteristics was mastered by ERCP and the pa-tients were treated with EST. Results Patients with choledocholithiasis were successful in 249 cases (97. 27%) for ERCP intubation and 239 cases (93. 36%) for stone remove. After EST,the stones were removed successfully at one time in 199 cases (83. 26%),2 times in 40 cases (16. 74%). 7 patients (2. 73%) with multiple diverticulum and papillary position poor by intubation failure were changed over to op-eration treatment. After ERCP,patients were performed endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) 64. 44% (154/239). Pull out the drain-age tube of 90. 91% (140/154) of the patients after stones disappeared which was proved by angiography for 3~5 days. 14 cases (9. 09%) were performed second times to remove the stones due to the presence of residual stones. Postoperative complications occured in 15 cases (6. 02%) including 9 cases of acute pancreatitis and 6 cases of infection of biliary tract, and they were cured after 1 week of corresponding treatment. Transient increase of serum amylase occurred in 39 cases, and all of them recoveried after 3 days without special treatment. Con-clusion The results showed that ERCP ( or EST) were well tolerated by elderly patients with choledocholithiasis,and they were of obvious curative effect and quick recovery,which is worthy of promotion and application.