There are excellent medical ethics dealing with the relationship between doctors and patients in ancient China.This paper elaborated them from respecting for life, loving to save; skill specialization, theory and practice both excellent;gentle demeanor, gentle humility;universal equality;honest and upright, etc.Them provide reference for improving the doctor-patient relationship, medical personnel professional moral esteemremodeling.

15 consecutive eyes of 13 patients with kerato- conus were treated with radial keratotomy and follo- wed up periodically about 1 year.The visual acuity of all eyes was improved significantly,in the early stage after surgey.The 12 eyes were examined one year postoperatively,1 eye maintainning good result,5 eyes obtainning some improvement of vision and flatt- ening of central cornea,6 eyes of which 4 had adv- anced corncal cones gainning no visual benefit from the surgery.Radial keratoto my appears to be effec- tive in early case of keratoconus,however the long- term result is still not known.

OBJECTIVE:To facilitate personalize information service in pharmacology by means of the personalized service functions of PubMed/Medline.METHODS:We reviewed the development process and the functions of My NCBI in the personalized information service in PubMed/Medline.RESULTS:The personalized information service in pharmacology can be achieved by using the multi-functions of PubMed/Medline which included My NCBI,RSS,E-mail,SMS and PDA downloads.CONCLUSION:My NCBI,RSS,E-mail,SMS and PDA downloads、the multi-functions of PubMed/Medline can be counted on to achieve personalized information service.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) propels self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) to achieve the supersaturated state in gastrointestinal tract, which possesses important significance to enhance oral absorption for poorly water-soluble drugs. This study investigated capacities and mechanisms of HPMC with different viscosities (K4M, K15M and K100M) to inhibit drug precipitation of SEDDS in the simulated gastrointestinal tract environment in vitro. The results showed that HPMC inhibited drug precipitation during the dispersion of SEDDS under gastric conditions by inhibiting the formation of crystal nucleus and the growth of crystals. HPMC had evident effects on the rate of SEDDS lipolysis and benefited the distribution of drug molecules across into the aqueous phase and the decrease of drug sediment. The mechanisms were related to the formed network of HPMC and its viscosities and molecular weight. These results offered a reference for selecting appropriate type of HPMC as the precipitation inhibitor of supersaturatable SEDDS.

Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA)involves the use of two rare-earth magnets that attract to each other transmurally between two internal organs, resulting in compression and subsequent fistula formation to create a nonsurgical enteric, vascular, or biliary anastomosis with therapeutic aims. The magnetic vascular coupler allows a sutureless anastomoses between arteries and veins by using interventional radiological techniques. The MCA technique significantly reduces ischemic time during anastomosis, and has the advantages of low invasiveness and simplicity. It is a rather effective method for recanalizing between various hollow viscera, creating anastomosis such as gastrojejunostomy, choledochojejunostomy, or choledochoduodenostomy.Furthermore, this novel technique is considered to be a feasible and alternative reconstructive method for patients who develop significant bile duct complications following hepaticojejunostomy and living donor liver transplantation. MCA is a promising and novel technique in the further development of minimal invasive surgery.

Objective To investigate whether SUMO-1 enhances the apoptosis induced by wild-type p53 plasmid transfection in HepG2 cells. Methods The HepG2 cells were transfected respectively or simultaneouly with the following expressional plasmids as pcDNA3-wtp53(pwtp53,including human wild-type p53 gene),pCMV-HDM1B(pMDM2,including HDM2 gene, homologous gene as murine double minute gene 2),pcDNA3-His6-SUMO-1(pSUMO-1 ,including small ubiquitin-like modifier-1 gene)and plasmid pcDNA3.The proteins expressed in cells were detected by means of Western blotting and the apoptosis rates of cells were measured by flow cytometry. Results The protein bands of p53 and MDM2 could be seen in cells transfected with pwtp53 and pMDM2. Meanwhile,the relative larger molecular weight bands were also seen in cells transfected with pSUMO-1 which represented the p53 and MDM2 protein modification by SUMO-1. Merely the trace of p53 protein was detected in cells not transfected with any plasmid or only transfected with empty plasmid and pSUMO-1. In cells transfected with pwtp53 and pwtp53+pSUMO-1,the apoptosis rates were (16.79?1.62)% and (18.15?1.36)%. When transfected with pwtp53+pMDM2,the rate decreased to (5.17?1.23)%. The apoptosis rate would come up again to (14.06?1.84)% after transfected with pwtp53+pMDM2+pSUMO-1 and the difference of rates were significant compared to the cells transfected with pwtp53+pMDM2 (P

The physical and chemical properties of alfalfa mosaic virus from white clover have been studied by analytical ultra-centrifuge. The results showed that this virus sample contains five different components which possess the S_(20) values of 98s, 82s, 72s, 65s, and 36s respectively. While measured the S values we have used schlieren light system by using UV system as control. The twice changed speed method also has been used to measure the S values at different concentration of samples under different ion strength.

Objective To observe the myocardial injury attributed to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and to evaluate the impact of 4 ℃ saline perfusion on the ultra structure of myocardium. Method Twelve Pekimg white swine were induced to make models of ventricular fibrillation by direct current shock. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated 4 minutes after ventricular fibrillation established, and 10 swine survived from resuscitation. These swine were randomly(random number ) divided into hypothermia group ( n = 5) ( 4 ℃ saline infusion to lower the temperature) and control group ( n = 5). Haemodynamics were monitored. And ultra structure of myocardium was observed under electron microscope 24 hours later. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the consecutive variables of 2 samples. Results The damage to the ultra structure of myocardium, myofilaments and mitochondria, was found in the control group, while that to a much lesser extent in the hypothermia group was observed. Conclusions After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 4 ℃ saline infusion has a protective effect on myocardium.

BACKGROUND: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) and orthopantography are two imaging methods mostly used in the preoperative evaluation of dental implantation. CBCT has high cost and low penetration rate, but orthopantography can result in a larger error in the measurement of bone quantity.OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of bone quantity measurement using CBCT and orthopantography, and to evaluate the clinical effect of simulation in posterior implant region. METHODS: 115 implants from 72 patients undergoing implantation of posterior teeth in the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University were selected. The horizontal heights from the top of the alveolar bone to the important anatomic structures (mandibular nerve or maxillary sinus floor) were measured using CBCT and orthopantography and then analyzed statistically. The implantation simulations were performed using Planmeca Romexis3.8 (for CBCT) and Cliniview9.3 (for orthopantography) to compare the differences in stimulated and postoperative horizontal heights.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in the measured data between CBCT and orthopantography (P < 0.05), especially in the maxilla (P < 0.01). There were significant differences between the simulated and postoperative results of the two methods (P < 0.05). The average error and standard deviation in orthopantography were larger than those in CBCT. The average error of implantation simulation using CBCT in the maxilla was smaller than that using orthopantography, whereas the error was similar in mandibular simulations. To conclude, CBCT is more accurate for assessing the quantity of bone in posterior implant region, especially in the maxilla. The accuracy of CBCT and orthopantography in implantation simulation needs to be improved.

The perineurial cells of the small nerve branch of the normal human abdominal wall are observed with electron microscope. The fibrous long-spacing bodies (FLS) are found within the interstitial substance of the endoneurium. 1. 2-5 layers of the perineurial cells surround the nerve fasciculus. The perineurial cells are squamous in shape and the cytoplasm contains microfilaments and pinocytotic vesicles. Each perineurial cell has an obvious basement membrane on its basal surface but the fibroblasts, whatever situated in the endoneurium or on the outer surface of the perineurium, has no basement membrane. Numerous desmosome and some gap junctions between the close attached perineurial cells are demostrated. The collagen fibrils between perineurial cells can be often shown. FLS bodies and collagen fibrils about 45 nm in diameter in the interstitial substance of endoneurium inside perineurial cells are demonstrated. In the connective tissue surrounding the outside of perineurial cells, the collagen fibrils of 80 nm in diameter can be seen, but no FLS bodies present there. 2. FLS bodies in the endoneurial matrix can be demostrated. Most of them closely associated with the basement membrane of the Schwann cells surrounding the unmyelinated nerves but no FLS bodies are found associate with those of the myelinated nerves. A few FLS bodies do not relate to basement membrane and they are invested only with the collagen fibrils. In the longitudinal sections, most of FLS bodies are in spindle shape of various sizes, their longitudinal axes parallel to that of the adjoining collagen fibrils. Sometimes the FLS bodies continue with the collagen fibrils are found. Occasionally, FLS body like a bridge locate between two Schwann cells and its dark bands continue to the basement membrane of the Schwann cells. Two or three FLS bodies may fuse together but their cross bands do not registered at the same level. In the oblique sections, FLS bodies are nearly rectangular in shape, with the cross bands shown, and their appearance do not show greaty difference from those in longitudinal sections. The periodicity of FLS bodies is about 133nm in length; the dark band in it is about 53 nm, which is made of the dense granular substance; the light band is about 80 nm, which is made of a network with approximated parallel microfilaments. There are no further crossstriated structures within the periods. Some problems, such as the role of the perineurial cells, the relationship of FLS bodies with basement membrane, are briefly discussed.