Objective To investigate the psychological and behavioral change of student nurses after contacting with syphilis patients and to seek the measures to improve the awareness of related knowledge , in order to help them overcome the psychological fear and to strengthen their protection awareness .Methods A self-designed questionnaire on syphilis-related knowledge was used to randomly survey 100 student nurses who were in clinical practice at our hospital .Results In the 100 questionnaires , most of student nurses had poor-mastering knowledge on syphilis .84% student nurses were afraid of being infected with syphilis , and 92%student nurses would wash hands and disinfection after caring of syphilis patients .Conclusions The student nurses have relatively poor knowledge on syphilis , so the education on syphilis should be paid much more attention, as well as the education of professional ethics .Thus, the student nurses can improve the awareness of self-protection , and provide syphilis patients with better meticulous nursing care .