1.In Vivo and In Vitro Quantification of Glucose Kinetics: From Bedside to Bench
Il-Young KIM ; Sanghee PARK ; Yeongmin KIM ; Yewon CHANG ; Cheol Soo CHOI ; Sang-Hoon SUH ; Robert R. WOLFE
Endocrinology and Metabolism 2020;35(4):733-749
Like other substrates, plasma glucose is in a dynamic state of constant turnover (i.e., rates of glucose appearance [Ra glucose] into and disappearance [Rd glucose] from the plasma) while staying within a narrow range of normal concentrations, a physiological priority. Persistent imbalance of glucose turnover leads to elevations (i.e., hyperglycemia, Ra>Rd) or falls (i.e., hypoglycemia, Ra
2.Cough-Related Laryngeal Sensations and Triggers in Adults With Chronic Cough: Symptom Profile and Impact
Ha Kyeong WON ; Sung Yoon KANG ; Yewon KANG ; Jin AN ; Ji Hyang LEE ; Sang Min LEE ; Jae Woo KWON ; Min Hye KIM ; Eun Jung JO ; Seung Eun LEE ; Sae Hoon KIM ; Sang Heon KIM ; Yoon Seok CHANG ; Sang Hoon KIM ; Byung Jae LEE ; Sang Heon CHO ; Surinder S. BIRRING ; Woo Jung SONG
Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research 2019;11(5):622-631
PURPOSE: Recent evidence suggests that cough hypersensitivity may be a common feature of chronic cough in adults. However, the clinical relevance remains unclear. This study evaluated the cough-related symptom profile and the clinical relevance and impact of cough hypersensitivity in adults with chronic cough. METHODS: This cross-sectional multi-center study compared cough-related laryngeal sensations and cough triggers in patients with unexplained chronic cough following investigations and in unselected patients newly referred for chronic cough. A structured questionnaire was used to assess abnormal laryngeal sensations and cough triggers. Patients with unexplained cough were also evaluated using the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) and a cough visual analogue scale (VAS), and these scores were assessed for correlations with the number of triggers and laryngeal sensations. RESULTS: This study recruited 478 patients, including 62 with unexplained chronic cough and 416 with chronic cough. Most participants reported abnormal laryngeal sensations and cough triggers. Laryngeal sensations (4.4 ± 1.5 vs. 3.9 ± 1.9; P = 0.049) and cough triggers (6.9 ± 2.6 vs. 5.0 ± 2.8; P < 0.001) were more frequent in patients with unexplained chronic cough than in those with chronic cough. The number of triggers and laryngeal sensations score significantly correlated with LCQ (r = −0.51, P < 0.001) and cough VAS score (r = 0.53, P < 0.001) in patients with unexplained chronic cough. CONCLUSIONS: Cough hypersensitivity may be a common feature in adult patients with chronic cough, especially those with unexplained chronic cough. Cough-related health status and cough severity were inversely associated with the number of triggers and laryngeal sensations, suggesting potential relevance of assessing cough hypersensitivity in chronic cough patients.
Adult
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Cough
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Humans
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Hypersensitivity
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Sensation
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Symptom Assessment